|
Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
|
Expr4796
|
cnx-1 was expressed ubiquitously in every blastomere of the embryos up to the gastrulation stage but expression became gradually restricted to the head and tail regions at the comma stage during embryogenesis. During post-embryonic development, cnx-1 was expressed prominently in the H-shaped excretory cell, in the neurons of head and tail, in the dorsal and ventral nerve cords, and in the spermatheca. cnx-1 expression was also observed in the spicules of the male tail. The two head neurons expressing cnx-1 are ASK and ADL, and two tail neurons are PHA and PHB. Therefore, cnx-1 is expressed in head neurons including ASK and ASI chemosensory neurons and tail neurons including PHA and PHB. |
|
|
Picture: Figure 1B and 1C. |
|
Expr4978
|
In males, CaMKII is broadly expressed in excitable cells, including the spicule protractor and retractor muscles, SPC, and postcloacal sensilla neurons. |
|
|
Most of the tissues expressing rcn-1 overlap with those observed in calcineurin GFP and by immunostaining, including lateral hypodermal cells, vulva muscle tissue, nerve cords, and diverse neuronal expression. Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
|
Expr2548
|
GFP analysis of the transformed animals revealed that rcn-1 is expressed from late embryonic stages to adulthood in diverse tissues, including lateral hypodermal cells, marginal cells of the pharynx, vulva epithelial cells, ventral and dorsal nerve cords and commissures, and various neurons in the anterior and posterior portions of the worm. Male C. elegans displayed rcn-1 expression in male tail structures including the diagonal muscles, sensory rays, and spicules. GFP expression analysis of a shorter 1.6 kb 50 upstream fragment of rcn-1 revealed vulva muscle expression in addition to the aforementioned expression patterns. |
|
|
|
|
Expr1118
|
The tissue distribution of HSP43 is localized to specific cells of the vulva, to the spermathecal valve and junctions between cells of the spermathecal cage. It is also concentrated in regions of contact between muscle cells or between muscle cells and the overlying hypodermis. In males, HSP43 was also found to be concentrated in specialized structures of the tail, including rays, copulatory spicules and other structures too poorly resolved to permit reliable identification. This signal was HSP43-specific, and not due to autofluorescence of tail structures, since it was abolished when the antibody was pre-incubated with excess HSP43 protein. |
|
|
Picture: Figure 3. |
|
Expr8171
|
Cells with neuronal-like processes were visible immediately after the embryonic stage and remained through the life of the worm. GFP-positive cells were visible in the head anterior and posterior ganglia, which contain most of the C. elegans neurons as well as other associated cells. GFP-positive neuronal-like processes were also found in the nerve ring encircling the isthmus of the pharynx. Whether the GFP-positive cells were indeed neurons could not be determined solely on their localization. However, the finding of GFP-positive processes in the nerve ring suggested that at least some neurons were expressing T27A3.1. When a shorter promoter region, only 2 kb of genomic DNA upstream from the start codon of T27A3.1a, was used to drive the expression of GFP, a similar expression pattern was seen; however, fewer GFP-expressing neurons were visible. This data suggest that the larger 4-kb promoter region contains regulatory elements necessary for specific neuronal expression that are not contained within the smaller 2-kb promoter segment. Each transgenic line displayed similar expression patterns. GFP expression was visible late in embryogenesis but before morphogenesis and continued through the larval stages into adulthood. In adults, expression was found in a variety of cell types: GFP was found in the cells of the pharynx, in the epithelial cells of the intestine, in the seam cells that line the sides of the worm, in cells of the vulval region, in the somatic gonads, and in cells of the tail region. In males, GFP expression was found in the bilateral sensory rays and in the spicules. In the pharyngeal bulbs, the morphology and striated appearance of GFP-positive cells is consistent with muscle cell characteristics. In the vulval region, the GFP-positive cells did not appear to be neurons or muscle cells, and their identity remains unclear. In the gonads, GFP expression was visible in the distal tip cell (DTC), as well as in the distal sheath cell pair 1 that can be identified by its fish-net-like appearance. In the tail, GFP-positive cells most likely include the rectal gland cells, the rectum epithelial cells, and phasmid sheath cells (Phsh) and socket cells (Phso1 and 2). |
|
|
|
|
Expr2938
|
GFP was observed from the embryo stage through to the adult stages. In the adult animal it was expressed in the pharynx, intestine, body wall muscle, gonad, distal tip cells and/or germ cells, nervous system, male tail rays, and spicule. chn-1 is probably expressed in all tissues. |
|
|
|
|
Expr12824
|
The transcriptional and translation GFP fusion of the hlh-11 showed similar expression patterns. The hlh-11 gene is expressed in pharynx, intestine and nerve cords. It is also expressed in H-shaped excretory cell, vulva muscles, anal depressor, male spicules and especially in hyp7 cells of hypodermis in males. |
|
|
|
|
Expr3815
|
From this construct, unc-103 also expresses in the pharyngeal neurons (I2 and NSM), head neurons [IL1, IL2, OLL, URAD, ASH, AVD, AUA, and SIAV and OLQ, RIV, URYV, AIN, and AIA, PCA in the post-cloacal sensilla, and one of two ray neurons in rays 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 9. An unc-103::YFP translational fusion expressed from the 8.7 kb upstream region was also injected and it was observed that the anal depressor, spicule protractor, retractor, and other male sex muscles also expressed UNC-103; in the hermaphrodite, the vulva muscles also express the transgene. |
|
|
|
|
Expr1885
|
In animals transgenic for the smp-1::lacZ reporter constructs, beta-galactosidase is first detected in epidermal cells at the beginning of morphogenesis 200 minutes after fertilization. GFP fluorescence from smp-1::gfp expression is initially observed at approximately the 50 cell stage in the E lineage. Later, in larvae and adults, GFP can be seen in all body wall, vulval, uterine and enteric muscles, as well as male-specific muscles of the tail and copulatory system. In adults, smp-1::gfp is expressed in the tail tip (hyp 10), in ray 6 and in the spicules of the adult male. Approximately 10 sensory neuron support cells in the head with dendrites extending to the tip of the head, also express the smp-1 GFP and beta-galactosidase transcriptional reporters. GFP fluorescence is observed in several individual cells, including an interneuron (tentatively identified as AVL), the excretory channel, the distal tip cells (DTCs) throughout their migration, somatic cells of the gonad, and epidermal cells hyp 4 (and possibly hyp 3) and hyp 10. In the adult, expression was observed in the fused seam cell syncytium comprising the lateral epidermis. Although ray 6 expresses in the adult male tail, it is difficult to determine whether the ray 6 precursors or any other ray or SET precursors or progeny express smp-1::gfp during the L3 and L4 stages of development when the male tail is forming. This is because GFP fluorescence in the male sex-specific muscles is so bright at this stage as to obscure what may be faint expression of other cells in the male tail. |
|
|
Picture: Fig 3. |
|
Expr8988
|
Analysis of the transformed animals revealed that sti-1 was ubiquitously expressed in the whole body of worms. Expression was predominantly observed in pharyngeal muscles, vulva epithelial cells, intestines, and striated body-wall muscles. GFP was also observed in tail regions of hermaphrodite and in sensory rays and spicules of male animals. |
|
|
This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope). |
|
Expr722
|
Staining is observed in along the entire length of the pharyngeal masculature, vulval muscle cells and neighbouring body wall muscle cells, anal depressor, anal sphincter and intestinal muscles and in the contractile sheath in proximal region of the somatic gonad. In addition, staining is observed in the adult male sex muscles along the lateral and ventral surfaces. |
|
|
This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope). |
|
Expr723
|
PTMIZ2328: this fusion gene was specifically expressed in the body wall muscles, the anal muscles, the vulva muscles and the male sex muscles except the pharyngeal muscles. pTMIIIZ3256: this fusion gene expressed only in the pharyngeal muscles. |
|
|
Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
|
Expr1204
|
Transgenic animals expressed this reporter specifically in muscle. Strong expression was observed in muscle cells in embryos. Adult expression was seen in striated body-wall muscle along the length of the animal, especially in the head. Strong expression was also seen in the vulval muscles. Additional expression was observed in intestinal muscle, anal sphincter muscle and the sex-specific muscles of the male tail. No expression was observed in pharyngeal muscle. |
|
|
This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope). |
|
Expr702
|
Antibody staining is detected in the anal depressor, anal sphincter and intestinal muscles and in the contractile sheath in proximal region of the somatic gonad. Staining is also observed in the vulval muscle cells and neighbouring body wall muscle cells. In addition, staining is observed in the adult male sex muscles along the lateral and ventral surfaces. |
|
|
|
|
Expr1917
|
In situ: Since multicopy transgene expression is silent in the C. elegans germline, Cecsb gene expression in the gonad was detected by in situ mRNA hybridization instead of GFP expression. The antisense cDNA probe of Cecsb stained the whole region of the gonad including oocytes, while the sense probe did not produce any signal. Reporter_gene Assay: GFP first appeared during the 50^100 cell stage and was detected throughout the embryonic development. GFP expression was also observed in all of the somatic cells up to the L3 larval stage. However, GFP expression was relatively stronger in pi and P lineage vulval cells at the L3 larval stage, where active cell division and dierentiation take place. At the L4 larval stage, GFP was relatively stronger in amphid and tail neurons, and vulva and somatic gonad cells than in other body regions. In adult hermaphrodites, the overall GFP expression weakened, but strong expression was still observed in intestine, head, and tail regions. In L4 and adult males, the tail region, including the spicule, protractor, and PC sensilla, showed intense fluorescence. |
|
|
|
|
Expr13980
|
In males, DDO-3::mCherry was localized in the excretory pore cell, head tip cells, hypodermal cells, seminal vesicle cells, tail cells, and spicule cells. By contrast, DDO-3::mCherry was also localized in the tail fan from the adult stage, suggesting that DDO-3 is secreted in a SP-dependent manner from the cells where it is produced and transferred to the tail fan. Interestingly, DDO-3::mCherry was localized in vesicle-like structures in the seminal vesicle, where spermatids are stored until ejaculation. Because the seminal vesicle is composed of 20 secretory cells, we presumed that DDO-3 was secreted from the seminal vesicle into the seminal fluid and transferred to the hermaphrodite during mating. To test this possibility, we examined the uteri of hermaphrodites just after mating with transgenic males carrying the ddo-3::mCherry reporter gene. DDO-3::mCherry was dispersed throughout the uterus, suggesting that DDO-3 is a seminal fluid protein. Taken together, these results are consistent with the idea that DDO-3 is secreted from the seminal vesicle into the seminal fluid in a SP-dependent manner, and then transferred to the hermaphrodite uterus through mating. This fusion protein was also present in coelomocytes of males. During larval stages L1 and L2, localization of DDO-3::mCherry outside coelomocytes was limited to the excretory pore cell, implying that DDO-3 expressed in excretory pore cells is secreted into the body fluid. Indeed, at least in the adult stage, DDO-3::mCherry in excretory pore cells was localized to vesicle-like structures. |
|
|
Lineage expression: Rn descandents. |
[plx-1::gfp] transcriptional and translational fusion constructs. A plx-1 transcriptional gfp reporter was constructed by cloning the 2621 bp sequence immediately 5' to the initiation codon into the multiple cloning site of pPD95_77 to generate plasmid pPD95_77cplx. A plx-1(+) rescuing construct was assembled from multiple PCR fragments encompassing the entire coding sequence of Ce-PLX-1. The 3' portion of the construct comes from the cDNA yk535f1 and contains 739 bp of the 3'UTR. This plx-1(+) cDNA minigene was cloned downstream of the promoter sequence of the pPD95_77cplx transcriptional reporter to obtain the plasmid pZH127. The gfp coding sequence is out of frame in pZH127. The construct contains the full-length plx-1(+) minigene with 2621 bp of sequence immediately 5' to the initiation codon and 739 bp of the 3'UTR sequence. The GFP-encoding portion of pZH127 was put in frame with the PLX-1(+) sequence by fusing it after the PmlI site located four amino acids before the stop codon. For this, a SphI-KpnI fragment was deleted from pZH127, cut with PmlI and re-ligated in combination with a linker sequence into the SphI-KpnI cut pZH127 to obtain the new plx-1 translational reporter plasmid pZH157. |
Expr2917
|
Expression of both reporters is observed in all body wall muscles, male sex specific muscles and in the lateral epidermis during post-embryonic development. At the third larval stage, male tail hypodermal expression begins in all dividing Rn.a and Rn.p cells although predominantly in R1.a and R1.p. The strongest expression of the transcriptional reporters is observed in the ray 1 cells. Expression of the transcriptional reporters in other rays is weak and eventually disappears. A similar effect is observed for the translational reporter, which expresses first and most highly on the ray 1 and ray 2 cells. Although the translational reporter is found on all rays at later stages of male tail development, this expression is weak relative to the earlier expression in precursors to rays 1 and 2. |
|
|
|
|
Expr13978
|
In males, Pddo-3::mCherry was expressed in the excretory pore cell, head tip cells, and hypodermal cells, in a pattern similar to that observed in hermaphrodites. Moreover, this reporter protein was expressed in seminal vesicle cells from L4 and in tail cells and spicule cells from the adult stage. |
|
|
No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stages. |
|
Expr2839
|
T20B3.2 transcripts were detected in the body-wall musculature, but expression in hermaphrodites appeared limited to the anteriormost body-wall muscle cells. Expression in the body-wall muscle of males was less restricted, typically including posterior body-wall muscle cells, in addition to those at the head. T20B3.2 transcripts were found also in the vulval muscles of hermaphrodites and the sex muscles of males. |
|
|
The tissue-specific expression of unc-68 protein suggested by antibody staining was confirmed by a gfp-fusion construct. The results of unc-68::gfp expression and immunostaining experiments strongly suggest that CeRyR is present only in muscles. See Expr2281 for GFP result. |
|
Expr2280
|
The R16 antibody stained muscle cells of wild-type from the comma stage to the 3-fold stage, but not those of x14 animals. The R16 antibody staining appeared at the later comma stage and became strong at the 1.5-fold stage, when the muscle starts twitching, and continued to the adult stage. Although background staining from the early embryo to pre-comma stages was also observed in the cytoplasm of whole cells, this staining was not different between wild-type and x14 animals. The R16 antibody stained the body wall, pharyngeal, vulval and the anal muscles of adult hermaphrodites and male tail muscles in wild-type, but not in unc-68(x14) animals. The identity of these muscle tissues was confirmed by double-staining with rhodaminephalloidin. Among the anal muscles, the R16 antibody stained the depressor muscle but did not stain the sphincter muscle. The R16 antibody also stained pharyngeal muscles, especially those in the terminal bulb and isthmus. The staining pattern in body wall muscle was observed to be of a series of small dots. Because the antiserum stained in the intestines of both wild-type and unc-68(x14) animals, the intestinal staining is likely to represent the cross-reaction of the R16 antibody with unknown proteins. |
|
