|
GO:0005575
|
cellular_component
|
A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). |
|
GO:0005622
|
intracellular anatomical structure
|
A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. |
|
GO:0110165
|
cellular anatomical structure
|
A part of a cellular organism consisting of a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Note that cellular organisms exclude viruses. |
|
GO:0043226
|
organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
|
GO:0043229
|
intracellular organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
|
GO:0043228
|
membraneless organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
|
GO:0043232
|
intracellular membraneless organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
|
GO:0000785
|
chromatin
|
The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. |
|
GO:0005694
|
chromosome
|
A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. |
|
GO:0000775
|
chromosome, centromeric region
|
The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome. |
|
GO:0098687
|
chromosomal region
|
Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length. |
|
GO:0000792
|
heterochromatin
|
A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin that is refractory to transcription. |
|
GO:0005721
|
pericentric heterochromatin
|
Heterochromatin that is located adjacent to the CENP-A rich centromere 'central core' and characterized by methylated H3 histone at lysine 9 (H3K9me2/H3K9me3). |
