33 Parents
| Identifier | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| GO:0009987 | cellular process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
| GO:0008150 | biological_process | A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. |
| GO:0003674 | molecular_function | A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. |
| GO:0051716 | cellular response to stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. |
| GO:0050896 | response to stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. |
| GO:0005575 | cellular_component | A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). |
| GO:0110165 | cellular anatomical structure | A part of a cellular organism consisting of a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Note that cellular organisms exclude viruses. |
| GO:0065007 | biological regulation | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
| GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
| GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
| GO:0023052 | signaling | The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| GO:0007154 | cell communication | Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
| GO:0071944 | cell periphery | The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. |
| GO:0060089 | molecular transducer activity | A compound molecular function in which an effector function is controlled by one or more regulatory components. |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| GO:0065008 | regulation of biological quality | Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc. |
| GO:0038023 | signaling receptor activity | Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. |
| GO:0042391 | regulation of membrane potential | Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. |
| GO:0004888 | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. |
| GO:0007186 | G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to its receptor, in which the activated receptor promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane. |
| GO:0004930 | G protein-coupled receptor activity | Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| GO:0098590 | plasma membrane region | A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. |
| GO:0097060 | synaptic membrane | A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. |
| GO:0030594 | neurotransmitter receptor activity | Combining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| GO:0045202 | synapse | The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |
| GO:0030054 | cell junction | A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells, or between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or between two membrane-bound components of a cell, such as flagella. |
| GO:0099528 | G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity | Combining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| GO:0098793 | presynapse | The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. |
34 Relations
| Relationship |
Parent Term . Identifier |
Child Term . Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| part of | GO:0099505 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0099528 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0099505 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0099528 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0042734 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0008150 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0004930 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0065008 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0065007 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0007186 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0007165 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0071944 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0051716 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0050789 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0030054 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0097060 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0098590 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0060089 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0045202 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0004888 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0007154 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0003674 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0005886 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0110165 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0030594 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0098793 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0050896 | GO:0150047 |
| occurs in | GO:0016020 | GO:0150047 |
| is_a | GO:0038023 | GO:0150047 |
| part of | GO:0050794 | GO:0150047 |
