WormMine: ExpressionPattern Expr9980

• Pattern: PAN-1 is a P granule component that co-localizes with GLH-1 in the germline from the first larval stage throughout germline development; it is present in P granules surrounding the germ cell nuclei throughout oogenesis, until oocytes mature and P granules disperse in the oocyte cytoplasm, and throughout spermatogenesis, except in mature sperm. In addition, PAN-1 is found in the pharynx and intestine, the somatic tissues associated with molting.
• Primary Identifier: Expr9980
• Subcellular Localization: At the L1 stage, PAN-1 is seen in the pharynx and on the membranes of intestinal cells; PAN-1 also localizes to punctate granules that surround the nuclei of Z2 and Z3, the two germline precursor cells. This perinuclear localization to the germline precursor cells is characteristic of P granules and PAN-1 persists at this location as the wild type larvae mature. As wild type larvae mature, PAN-1 remains localized around the developing germ cell nuclei. Immuno-reactivity of older larvae to PAN-1 antibody revealed a strong, uniform cytoplasmic distribution in somatic tissue, as well as a distinct peri-nuclear pattern for PAN-1 around the germ cell nuclei, confirmed as localizing with P granules by confocal images that show the co-localization of PAN-1 with the P-granule proteins GLH-1 and PGL-1 as also seen for PGL-1 in the L3 larva. During embryogenesis, PAN-1 protein is uniformly distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the germline and somatic blastomeres, as seen for pan-1 mRNA, with no obvious concentration of PAN-1 in the P granules. PAN-1 was not seen in P granules at any stage of embryogenesis. In the adult worm PAN-1 is most obvious in the germline P granules shown here in a single gonad arm of an adult hermaphrodite. In confocal images, PAN-1 co-localizes with GLH-1 and PGL-1 throughout the germline, beginning with the distal mitotic region through to the proximal region, which contains maturing oocytes. After oocyte maturation, the nuclear membrane breaks down and PAN-1, as is the case for other P-granule proteins, disperses into the cytoplasm. The perinuclear localization of PAN-1 is most obvious in the meiotic, pachytene region of the germline, as also seen with PGL-1. In the adult male testis, PAN-1 is also present in P granules co-localizing with GLH-1 throughout spermatogenesis. However, PAN-1 is not present in mature sperm. Along with its germline location, PAN-1 is also concentrated in the somatic tissue of the pharynx in adult hermaphrodites, males, and larvae, a presence that is less obvious in the L1 stage and is very obvious in the adult, while PAN-1 reacts at decreased levels in the adult gut. PAN-1 protein was detected throughout the cytoplasm of both somatic and germline tissues in adult hermaphrodite worms, while the pre-immune sera were negative.

6 Anatomy Terms

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
the feeding organ, a neuro-muscular pump in the head of the animal, used to ingest food, bacteria suspended in liquid, filter them out, grind them up and transport posteriorly into the instestine.	pharynx	esophagus	WBbt:0003681
cell line which early in development becomes differentiated from the remaining somatic cell line, and alone has the potential to undergo meiosis and form gametes.	germ line	germline	WBbt:0005784
Nucleated cell which has a diploid set of chromosomes.	somatic cell	FMA:72300	WBbt:0008378
Germ line precursor cell	Z2	lineage name: P4.p	WBbt:0004576
Germ line precursor cell	Z3	lineage name: P4.a	WBbt:0004575
any of 20 large epithelial cells which form a tube and are mostly situated as bilaterally symmetric pairs around the tubular lumen. Each of these cell pairs forms an intestinal ring ( II-IX int rings). The most anterior intestinal ring (int ring I), however, is made of four cells. Intestinal cells contain large nuclei with large nucleoli and numerous autofluorescent granules in their cytoplasm.	intestinal cell		WBbt:0005792

1 Genes

WormBase Gene ID	Gene Name	Sequence Name	Organism
WBGene00003915	pan-1	M88.6	Caenorhabditis elegans

6 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The stage that begins when a C.elegans individual is fully-developed and has reached maturity.		adult Ce	WBls:0000041
	The third stage larva. At 25 Centigrade, it ranges 32.5-40 hours after fertilization, 18.5-26 hours after hatch.		L3 larva Ce	WBls:0000035
	The second stage larva. At 25 Centigrade, it ranges 25.5-32.5 hours after fertilization, 11.5-18.5 hours after hatch.		L2 larva Ce	WBls:0000027
	The fourth stage larva. At 25 Centigrade, it ranges 40-49.5 hours after fertilization, 26-35.5 hours after hatch.		L4 larva Ce	WBls:0000038
	The first stage larva. At 25 Centigrade, it ranges 14-25.5 hours after fertilization, 0-11.5 hours after hatch.		L1 larva Ce	WBls:0000024
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003