WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0004928

• Definition: Ring interneuron
• Name: URXL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0004928
• Synonym: lineage name: ABplaaaaappp

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABplaaaaappp	ABplaaaaappp nucleus		WBbt:0002924

3 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in URXL, URXR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:URX
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 39_0 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:39_0
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 39_1 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:39_1

111 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4888
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 4.
• Pattern: In larvae and adults, pQC105 reveals mnm-2 promoter activity in the M3 cells of the pharynx, extrapharyngeal neurons in the head, including URX, and the PQR tail neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4889
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 4.
• Pattern: pQC106, with the 3.0 kb promoter, showed expression in the same cells as pQC105 and also in rectal cells, vulva cells, the spermatheca-uterine valve and in body wall muscle cells and neurons of the ventral nerve cord.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4540
• Pattern: Expressed in AQR, PQR, URXL/R.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4525
• Pattern: Expressed in ASER, ASIL/R, PVT, URXL/R, AIYL/R, intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3175
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, AFD, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, AWA, AWB, AWC, BAG, PHA, PHB, URX, intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13039

• Primary Identifier: Expr3185
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, PHA, PHB, URX, labial neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15049
• Subcellular Localization: The MKS-5::tagRFP and NPHP-4::GFP transition zone fusion proteins were also localized to single puncta at the URX dendritic tips, distal to the region of DYF- 19 localization.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15560

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr2937
• Pattern: Both ahr-1:GFP reporters are expressed during embryonic and larval development. Expression is first detected in two cells 260 min after the first cleavage. By midembryogenesis (pre-comma stage), 14 cells express the pJ360 ahr-1:GFP fusion gene. At the 2-fold stage of embryogenesis, two cells express ahr-1:GFP in the tail, and the remaining fluorescing cells are in the forming head. During the first larval stage. ahr-1:GFP is expressed in 28 neurons, several blast cells, and two phasmid socket cells. The neurons that express ahr-1:GFP include ALNR/ALNL, AQR/PQR, AVM/PVM, BDUR/BDUL, PLMR/PLML, PLNR/PLNL, PHCL/PHCR, PVWL/PVWR, RMEL/RMER, SDQR/SDQL, and URXR/URXL. The T.pa, T.ppa, and T.ppp blast cells in the tail express ahr-1:GFP, as do all of their descendents, including the PHso1 and PHso2 phasmid socket cells. ahr-1:GFP is also expressed in the MI and I3 neurons in the pharynx and the G2 and W blast cells. Four additional cells in the head express ahr-1:GFP, tentatively identified as the ASK and RIP neurons.
• Subcellular Localization: The pJ360 construct includes the entire ahr-1 genomic sequence, and transgenic animals express this fusion protein in a subset of neuronal nuclei. The pHT102 transgene lacks most of the ahr-1 coding sequence and labels axons as well as nuclei.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr13158

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr13164
• Pattern: For lgc-38, all expressing cells shown are observed with the 3.5 kb reporter fusion, except for OLL, which only expresses the 3.9 kb fusion; URA expresses both.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr963
• Pattern: Transgenic animals bearing pFX1G1 had high levels of GFP fluorescence or immunoreactivity in embryonic and postembryonic neurons. fax-1::gfp expression was first detected in embryos prior to elongation (approximately 350 minutes of development). By approximately 400 minutes, there is strong fax-1::gfp expression in as many as 20 neurons in the embryonic head and 1-2 neurons in the embryonic tail. fax-1::gfp is expressed in 20 neurons postembryonically, through the adult stage. The position of these neurons indicates that most or all of them are among the 22 neurons that express fax-1::gfp embryonically. These cells include both AVKR and AVKL. fax-1::gfp was not observed in either of the HSN or PVQ neurons, or in the PVPR neuron at any stage of development. fax-1::gfp expression was observed in several other neurons and two non-neuronal cell types in transgenic animals carrying pFX1G1. These include the pairs of CEPD and URX sensory neurons, three pharyngeal neurons (M1, MI and probably M5), two pairs of ring interneurons (including the RIC pair), five neurons in the retrovesicular ganglion (including SABD and the pair of SABV neurons), a single neuron in the preanal ganglion (either PVPL or PVT) and a single neuron in the dorsorectal ganglion of the tail (probably DVA). There is incompletely penetrant fax-1::gfp expression in a few additional neurons that were not identified, and in the non neuronal dorsal rectal cell and distal tip cells of the somatic gonad.
• Subcellular Localization: GFP immunoreactivity was present in the cytoplasm, axons and nuclei of cells. Axons of neurons that express fax-1::gfp embryonically were observed in the process of outgrowth.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr1500
• Pattern: Both: The transgene constructs showed minimal expression in non-neuronal cells. However, transgene expression in intestinal, hypodermal, or muscle cells was observed in occasional transgenic lines in which 3.0-kb genomic DNA fragments extending just past the CePPEF start codon directed production of short N-terminal regions of CePPEF fused to GFP. As these expression patterns occurred sporadically, they likely reflect transgene effects rather than an expression pattern relevant to the endogenous CePPEF gene. FL-GFP: FL-GFP transgene directed GFP expression to the same set of neurons as the NLS-GFP-LacZ construct, and expression in a single posterior neuron was also more clearly observed. Within the expressing cells, the FL-GFP fusion protein localized efficiently to several structures beyond the cell soma, including axons that form the ventral nerve cord; dendrites that extend to the anterior tip of the animal; and the cilia of neurons AWB, AWC, and BAG. aa-(1)-NLS-GFP-LacZ: Injection of the aa-(1)-NLS-GFP-LacZ construct into C. elegans revealed reporter gene expression in several anterior neurons, including AWB, AWC, AVA, AVB, AVX, BAG, and URX. The ASE neuron showed inconsistent transgene expression.
• Subcellular Localization: FL-GFP: Within the expressing cells, the FL-GFP fusion protein localized efficiently to several structures beyond the cell soma, including axons that form the ventral nerve cord; dendrites that extend to the anterior tip of the animal; and the cilia of neurons AWB, AWC, and BAG. aa-(1)-NLS-GFP-LacZ: GFP-LacZ fusion protein facilitates retention in the nucleus.

• Primary Identifier: Expr294
• Remark: Data modified according to Shawn Lockery's expression pattern curations.
• Pattern: Expressed in URX, ALA, some sensory neurons, interneurons, pharyngeal neurons and muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr14899
• Pattern: We found the expression of the ins-4 reporter in several neurons, including the sensory neurons AWA, ASI, and URX.

8 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-390min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. Emrbyo elongation started but have not formed comma shape yet. The shape of embryo looks like a lima bean. A stage right before comma embryo. Also called lima embryo or lima bean stage.		bean embryo Ce	WBls:0000016

4 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
ganglion that lies beside the nerve ring in the head. It contains neuron cell bodies that send their neuronal processes into the ring and longitudinal nerves, but form no local neuropil separate from the nerve ring. The dorsal ganglion is in close contact with the dorsal hypodermal cord.	dorsal ganglion		WBbt:0005214
embryonic cell	ABplaaaaapp		WBbt:0006428
Neuron class of two neurons with cell bodies that are situated sub-dorsally in the pseudocoelomic cavity just posterior to the ring neuropile.	URX		WBbt:0006846