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Expr4869
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (3.6) and larva (3.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, VC, touch neurons, head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (2.3) and larva (4.0). |
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Expr12085
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plr-1::GFP expression became visible in late gastrulation stage embryos. Strongest expression was detected in many cells in the tail region and by comma stage the most prominent expression was seen in body wall muscle cells. In early larval stages expression was detectable in a number of different tissues including the major hypodermal cells, muscle and marginal cells of the pharynx, the intestine (strongest in the anteriormost and posteriormost cells) as well as the anal depressor and stomatointestinal muscle. In the nervous system GFP expression was visible in a few neurons in head ganglia, many ventral cord motor neurons and several neurons in the tail ganglia including the PDA neuron. Based on the lack of commissures the motor neurons are likely of the VA, VB, VC and/or AS class. Based on the number of cells the majority (or even all) of these classes express GFP. In general expression was strongest in the tail region throughout development. This also held true for the motor neurons in the ventral cord, where GFP was strongest in the posterior-most cells and barely detectable in anterior motor neurons. Expression is maintained throughout larval development. In later larval stages expression is also seen occasionally in the distal tip cell of the developing gonad, the vulva and uterine muscle cells and the VC4 and VC5 neurons flanking the vulva. Expression in AVG, HSN or CAN neurons was not detectable with this reporter construct, but was detected in a previous study in HSN and CAN using a longer genomic construct (Moffat et al., 2014, Expr11480). |
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Expr1124
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Excretory cell, vulva, hermaphrodite-specific neurons, enteric muscles, first four epithelial cells of intestine, and the uterus. |
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Expr14024
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Several head neurons, I1 or I2 pharyngeal neurons, head mesodermal cell?, pharynx, vulva, CAN, VC, DA9, 1 neuron pair in the tail, PVT, another cell in PAG? |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8500
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Expressed in Stomato-intestinal muscle, depressor muscle, body wall muscle, head neurons, vulva neurons, nerve cord. |
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Neuronal gene expression pattern from collation by Shawn Lockery of neuron-specific promotors posted 20/04/98 (http://chinook.uoregon.edu). Since cell AS is listed under 'body' in the pattern, it presumably means the AS.1-11 ventral cord neurons rather than the AS amphid neurons.[sdm-curator] |
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Expr320
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head: IL2 URA URB SAA SAB SIA SIB SMB SMD RMD AIY, sev more; phar: M1 M2 M5 I1f I6f, others; body: VA VB VC DA DB AS SDQ HSNf; tail: ALN PLN others [J. Duerr (personal communication to Shawn Lockery)], antibody |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8694
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in M5, I1, I3, I6, NSM. Weak or rare expression in posterior arcades. Expression in the nervous system: Phsh, ADA, ADE, ADL, AIN, AIY, ALM, AUA, AVA, AVD, AVH, AVJ, AVK, AVM, AWB, BDU, CAN, CEP, DAn, DBn, DDn, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, IL1, IL2, LUA, OLL, PDA, PDB, PDE, PHA, PHB, PHC, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVD, PVM, PVN, PVP, PVQ, PVR, PVT, PVW, RIB, RIC, RIF, RIP, RIS, RME, SDQ, SIA (early larva), SIB (early larva), SMB (early larva), SMD (early larva), URA, URB, VAn, VBn, VCn, VDn, M5, I1, I6, NSM. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle, HSN, VCn. In developing larva stage, expressed in HSN, VCn, and anchor cell. |
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Expr13161
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Expr13162
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Expr13088
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An frpr-18 promoter construct expressed GFP in many neurons (including AIY, ASI, BAG, URA, CAN, I6, PVQ, DVA, RIM, and VC) and in the anal sphincter and intestinal muscles. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. To analyze ida-1 gene expression in males, the pida-1::GFP transgenic strain BL5715 was crossed with the him-8 (high incidence of males) mutant strain BW1663. cgc6469 mentioned that this reporter gene is transcriptional fusion. |
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Expr843
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The ida-1 gene promoter-driven GFP expression pattern in males differs from hermaphrodites, especially in the tail, where many more fluorescent cells are observed. Male larvae appear very similar to hermaphrodite larvae, the only difference being that the PVP neurons in the preanal ganglion showed higher GFP expression levels. It was concluded that all neurons expressing GFP in the hermaphrodite pharyngeal nerve ring and in the tail also express GFP in males. In adult males, additional fluorescence is seen in neurons anterior to the nerve ring, in the ventral cord and many more in the tail. The four additional GFP-expressing cells in the procorpus just anterior to the pharyngeal bulb have not been identified. Expression in the male-specific CEM neurons at the anterior end of the nerve ring appeared variable. The hermaphrodite-specific cells VC, HSN, and uv1 observed to express GFP are not found in males. Nonetheless, several cell bodies in the male ventral cord expressed GFP. Dorsally directed processes emanate from them, which identifies them as CAn, a set of eight motoneurons. As in hermaphrodites, PDE weakly expressed GFP. In the male tail, about 20 neurons express GFP. They include PHA, PHB, PHC, and PVP in the preanal ganglion, which are already seen in larvae. Some of the rays contain GFP-filled axons that extend all the way to the tip of the ray. Rays 2, 8, and 9 show the highest expression levels; axons of rays 1, 4, and 6 fluoresce more weakly. No GFP expression is observed in the spicules. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. cgc6469 mentioned that this reporter gene is transcriptional fusion. |
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Expr842
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GFP expression was observed in about 30 neurons of adult hermaphrodite worms. pida-1::GFP 7.6 expression was prominent in a subset of neurons in the head nerve ring, around the vulva, in a few cells in the ventral cord, and in the tail. Although the GFP was concentrated in the nucleus, the whole cell body including axons was labelled. Labeled processes included two lateral and one dorsal axon and a bundle of ventral axons running the length of the body, a pair of lateral axon bundles running from the head to the tip of the nose, and a pair of axons running from the anal region to the tip of the tail. GFP expression was observed as early as in late embryos. Larvae showed expression in the head and the tail, whereas GFP expression near the vulva and in the ventral cord was only seen in late L4 and adult animals. The expression pattern in dauer larvae was similar to that in other larval stages. Males exhibited many more GFP-expressing cells in the tail and additional cells in the head, and expression in the ventral cord differed from that observed in hermaphrodites. The GFP-expressing neurons in the hermaphrodite head were identified as ADE, ALA, ASI, ASK, AUA, ASG, AVH, and AVJ. Expression in ASG, AVH, and AVJ was not as bright as in other cells and was variable from individual to individual. A few other GFP-expressing anterior neurons could not be identified unequivocally. The fluorescent cells in the midsection of the animal were identified as the vulval motoneurons VC and HSN and the vulval uv1 cells. These are all hermaphrodite-specific and GFP expression was not observed until the late L4 larval stage. A lateral pair of neurons in the posterior half of the animal with weak GFP expression was identified as PDE. They possess ventrally directed processes entering the ventral nerve cord. In the preanal ganglion a pair of neurons with weak GFP expression was identified as PVP. Three pairs of GFP-expressing cells in the tail were identified as PHA, PHB, and PHC. Corresponding cells for the dorsal axon and a preanal structure have not been identified. The latter short process originates from the ventral nerve cord and peters out and terminates at the hypodermis. |
GFP was concentrated in the nucleus, the whole cell body including axons was also labelled. |
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Expr2830
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Expression of lin-11::GFP is first observed after the time when most postmitotic neurons are born (at approx. 300 minutes postfertilization). In larvae, the LIN-11::GFP fusion protein is localized to the nuclei of multiple neurons in the head and lumbar ganglia. In addition, lin-11 expression is observed in uterine and vulval cells, as well as in the VC motor neurons. In the lumbar ganglia, lin-11 expression is observed in the PVPL/R and PVQ neurons, and in an additional unpaired neuron identified as DVC or DVA. In contrast to shorter lin-11::GFP fusion genes, the rescuing lin-11::GFP fusion gene is not expressed in the PHA sensory neurons. In the head, lin-11 expression was observed in the sensory neurons ADF and ADL, in the interneurons AIZ, RIC and AVG, and in another neuron type tentatively identified as either AVH or AVJ. However, expression in a number of additional neurons was also observed using the full-length lin-11::GFP fusion gene. lin-11 expression was observed in the AVA and AVE interneurons. Faint and occasional expression was also detected in the ASH polymodal sensory neurons. lin-11 expression was observed in the AWA neurons in embryos and young larvae, but not in later stages. Expression of lin-11 in the AWA neurons is observed consistently in three-fold embryos, where expression of lin-11 overlaps with that of ODR-7 (32/32 AWA neurons examined). Expression decreases by hatching such that in L1 larvae, expression in the AWA neurons is fainter and observed only occasionally, and is absent in later larvae and adults. lin-11 expression was also observed strongly and consistently in the ASG chemosensory neurons. Expression in the ASG neurons is observed throughout postembryonic development. lin-11 expression was also detected in a few other non-sensory neurons in the head and tail that were not identified definitively. |
Expressed in nuclei of multiple neurons in the head and lumbar ganglia. |
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Picture: N.A. |
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Expr8692
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Weak or rare expression in posterior arcades, g1, g2. Expression in the nervous system: AIN, AVA, AVB, AVD, AVG, AVK, DDn (3-fold to early larva), DVA, DVB, DVC, IL1, OLL, PVD, PVQ, PVT, RIV, RME, RMG, SDQ, SIA, SIB, SMB, VCn. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in VCn. In developing larva stage, expressed in VCn. |
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ZC196.7 = glr-5 |
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Expr820
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AVA, AVB, AVD, AVE, PVC (?); RIM, RIC, RMD (all), SMD (all), SIB (all), RME (all), AVK, RMG, SABVL, SABVR, SABD, RIF, VC, LUA, PVQ, URB, URY, URA(?), DVA(?), AIB(?), HSN(?) |
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Expr13957
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Using a fosmid-based GFP translational fusion, we found that zag-1 was expressed in the six TRNs but not in the FLP and PVD neurons. In addition to TRNs, zag-1 was expressed in the AIB, AIM, AIN, AIZ, AVA, AVB, AVD, AVE, AVG, AVK, AVL, M4, M5, RIA, RIB, RIF, RIG, RIM, RIV, RMD, RME, RMF, RMH, SIA, and SMD neurons in the head, all the DD, VD, and VC neurons in the ventral cord, and the DVA, DVB, LUA, PDA, PVC, PVP, PVQ, PVR, and PVT neurons in the tail. zag-1 is also expressed in the serotonergic HSN neurons. |
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CeO/E = unc-3 in this article. |
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Expr1427
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Antibodies directed against the C terminus of CeO/E were used to confirm the GFP reporter experiments and examine the expression of CeO/E in early development. Anti-CeO/E staining were observed in 8 nuclei in the 400- to 550-cell embryo, the stage during which the embryonic motor neurons are first formed. The CeO/E-expressing cells were located in positions consistent with motor neurons destined for the ventral cord: initially located on the posterior side close to the periphery of the embryo and subsequently converging toward the ventral midline. By comma stage, the number of CeO/E-expressing cells increased to 16 and these cells became positioned along the presumptive ventral cord, again consistent with their identification as embryonic motor neurons. In late stage embryos and early L1 larvae, 16 cells expressed CeO/E at high levels along the ventral cord, in addition to at least 6 faintly immunoreactive cells also located along the ventral cord in the head and tail regions. CeO/E expression was observed in two cells outside of the ventral cord. Using the CeO/E antibody, expression in these cells was first detected in 400 to 550-cell stage in the most anterior region of the embryo. By comma stage, the immunoreactive nuclei were located closer to the ventral cord in a position consistent with that of the ASI amphid neurons. These cells continued to stain with anti-CeO/E antibody and expressed unc-3::GFP throughout development. These cells were confirmed as ASI neurons by staining adult worms expressing unc-3::GFP with DiI. In all lines, expression of unc-3::GFP was first observed in late stage embryos (3-fold) in neurons of the ventral cord. In L1 larvae, 16 cells were counted that expressed unc-3::GFP among the 22 embryonic motor neurons present in the ventral cord at this stage. By late L1 and early L2, when 57 new motor neurons are added to the ventral cord, an increase was observed in the number of GFP-positive cells. In two lines expressing GFP from an extrachromosomal array, there are up to 41 ventral cord motor neurons expressing the reporter at similar intensity. In the integrated line examined, the 23 VA and VB motor neurons expressed GFP at high levels, while 3 strongly staining and up to 11 additional faintly expressing cells were also detected. High levels of expression were maintained in these neurons through the L3 stage, but diminished in later stages. No GFP expression was observed in the ventral cord of a majority of adult worms. The P neuroblast divides to generate hypodermal cells and 3 to 5 neurons, each belonging to a different class of postembryonic ventral cord neurons (VA, VB, VC, VD or AS). During this time, CeO/E staining in the embryonic motor neurons decreased in intensity. More than 40 ventral cord motor neurons stained prominently in L2 and later stages. clusters of 3 to 5 cells were frequently observed along the ventral cord expressing CeO/E. |
nuclei |
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Reference: personal communication from Oliver Hobert 2002-12-07. |
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Expr1761
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Neuronal expression in: less than 10 head neuron classes (includ. ASI, SMDV, SMDD, AIY; sheath&socket cells; 1 class of VNC-MN. Non-neuronal expression in: intestine, coloemocytes. |
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Data modified according to Shawn Lockery's expression pattern curations. |
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Expr261
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ADL ADF AVH (or AVJ) AVG AIZ RIC VC PHA PVQ [O. Hobert(personal communication to Shawn Lockery). lin-11-GFP expression can be observed from late embryonic stages throughout larval and adult stages. The lin-11-GFP-expressing cells were identified in early larval stages. At the L1 stage, lin-11-GFP expression is exclusively confined to neurons in the head ganglia and the lumbar ganglion in the tail. The neurons that express lin-11-GFP in the head ganglion are the sensory neurons ADF and ADL and the interneurons AIZ and RIC. Weak lin-11-GFP expression can be observed in the interneuron AVG that sends a process along the ventral cord. The identity of another head neuron pair that exhibits lin-11-GFP expression could not be unambiguously determined, but because of its characteristic axonal morphology in the ventral cord, authors tentatively assigned this pair of neurons as either the AVH or AVJ interneuron. |
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Expr11480
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plr-1 expression was observed in a subset of head, ventral nerve cord and tail neurons as well as in the excretory canal and tail epidermis. In particular, expression was observed in DB, NSM, RIF or RIG, PHC, CAN, HSN, and VC. Transient expression was detected in AVG during early larval development and late embryogenesis, which is when AVG differentiates. The mechanosensory neurons ALM, AVM, PLM and PVM respond to Wnts and do not express PLR-1. |
When co-expressed in AVG, most PLR-1-mCherry puncta are colabeled with the late endosomal marker RME-8-GFP and some PLR-1-GFP vesicles are marked by the early endosomal reporter mRFP-EEA-1. A few PLR-1 vesicles are co-labeled with the Golgi marker MANS-YFP, but none are marked by the lysosomal reporter LMP-1-GFP. Thus, PLR-1 accumulates primarily in endosomes. |
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Expr9947
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Expressed in VCn. |
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Expr9213
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In embryos NCK-1A is expressed in neuroblasts in the anterior, lateral and posterior regions of the embryo. NCK-1A is also expressed in the hypodermal cells of the developing embryo. During the Larval stages, animals show NCK-1A expression in the head neurons, dorsal nerve cord (DNC), motor neurons in the ventral nerve cord and some tail neurons. In adult animals NCK-1A is expressed in the VC neurons, commissure neurons, head and tail neurons, SDQ neurons, mechanosensory neurons (PLM, PVM, and AVM), CAN neurons, HSN neurons, uterine-seam cell (utse), spermathecal-uterine junction (sujn), and excretory canal cell. NCK-1A is also expressed in uv2 and uv3 cells of the developing uterus. In males, NCK-1A is expressed in all the ray sub lineages and the adult male tail. NCK-1A promoter were expressed in head neurons, ventral and dorsal nerve cords, CANs, HSNs, the Q neuroblast descendants SDQs, mechanosensory neurons, hypodermal cells and the spermathecal-uterine junction. The NCK-1A isoform was expressed exclusively in the motor neurons and VC neuronal cell bodies, the excretory canal cell, uterus (utse, uv2 and uv3 cells), the ray sub lineage and male tail. |
NCK-1A is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr849
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GFP expression in wild-type strains carrying this construct was restricted to the nervous system, including all the motoneurons in the ventral cord, the dorsal, the lateral, and all the sublateral cords, PLMLR, PVM, ALMLR, AVM, ALNLR, PLNLR, PVDLR, PDELR, SDQLR, and almost all the neurons in the head. |
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Expr11371
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AFD (100%), AVK (87%), DVA (83%), NSM (22%), M5 (16%), RIC/AIZ? (16%), D-type motor neurons (33%), VC motor neurons (50%), CPs (20%), PDC (12%). Percentages correspond to the fraction of animals examined that expressed GFP in the indicated neurons. Above 50% marked as certain, below as uncertain. |
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CeIA-2 = ida-1. |
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Expr2900
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CeIA-2::GFP was easily detected in a restricted set of 13 neurons. CeIA-2::GFP was strongest in the ALA neuron and easily detectable in the VCs, HSNs, and PHCs. A lower level of GFP was also detected in the uv1 secretory cells. The pattern of GFP expression from this reporter gene likely under-represents the normal CeIA-2 distribution because of previous transcriptional reporter results and very faint GFP that can be observed in additional neurons under certain conditions. The expression pattern of the integrated strain was similar to that seen with extrachromosomal arrays. Despite integration, there was still a degree of mosaic expression, most notably in the VC motor neurons. |
Pida-1CeIA-2::GFP was observed in neuronal cell bodies and in puncta along the length of axons of neurons in which it was expressed. Animals expressing this CeIA-2::GFP transgene were stained with an antibody against synaptotagmin. The punctate GFP reporter pattern in axons colocalized with synaptotagmin staining, suggesting clustering of CeIA-2::GFP to synaptic regions. |
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Picture: Figure 4C. UNC-7::GFP expression mirrored that observed with anti-UNC-7 antibodies. However, some cell bodies could now be recognized with variability, probably due to over-expression from the rescuing array. Because in these animals UNC-7L::GFP expression was not detected by western blot analysis, authors attribute the majority of this signal to UNC-7S::GFP and conclude that UNC-7S is broadly expressed in many interneurons and motor neurons. |
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Expr8717
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The strongest signals appeared late in embryogenesis and in L1 animals, coinciding with unc-7 mRNA levels, and UNC-7::GFP was detected in all motor neuron classes in the vental nerve cord; in older larvae expression was seen in all post-embryonically derived motor neuron classes (VA, VB, AS, VD, and VC). |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8514
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Expressed in Head muscle/hypodermis, tail muscle/hypodermis, head, tail and vulva neurons, Nerve cord. |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8493
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Expressed in head neurons, nerve cord, vulva neuron. |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8494
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Expressed in head neurons, vulva neurons, vulval muscle. |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8489
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Expressed in head and tail neurons, nerve cord, vulva neurons. |
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