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Expr4206
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In situ expression data obtained from the Nematode Expression Pattern Database (http://nematode.lab.nig.ac.jp/): a low level of ego-1 mRNA was detected in the L4 and adult germline. A very low level of mRNA, which is presumably maternal, was also visible in young embryos. |
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Expr4599
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The nuclear GFP::LIT-1, despite a low level, was detected in a dynamic pattern both temporally and spatially. GFP::LIT-1 was consistently enriched in the interphase nuclei of only a subset of early blastomeres. Comparison with the corresponding DIC images revealed that, at the eight-cell stage, nuclear GFP::LIT-1 was enriched in the interphase E blastomere but not in the MS blastomere. At the 12-cell stage, interphase nuclear GFP::LIT-1 was enriched in four of the great granddaughters of the AB blastomere (ABarp, ABalp, ABprp, and ABplp, all posterior daughters of A-P divisions) but not their anterior sister cells. Nuclear enrichment was also observed at the 14-cell stage in the posterior daughters of MS and E, MSp and Ep, respectively, but not their anterior daughters. After the 14-cell stage, the GFP signal was too low to continue evaluating. |
The GFP::LIT-1 was detected, both cytoplasmic and nuclear, in every blastomere. |
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sdz-26 = R06A4.6 |
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Expr3143
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Expression were first detected in the E blastomere at the 8-C stage and remained E lineage-restricted throughout embryogenesis. |
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Clone: pUL#JS4H10 |
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Expr7726
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Expression is seen in many cells of the early embryo. Expression is not seen from late embryo onwards. Some, possibly ubiquitous expression was seen in occasional L2 and L3 stage nematodes. |
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Clone: pUL#JS9B3 |
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Expr7499
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Expression was seen in the nerves of the head and tail. There is also expression seen in the ventral nerve cord. Expression is seen from the mid-embryo stage onwards. There is also occasional expression in a single cell in the early embryo. Expression is also seen intermittently in the intestine. |
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Clone: pUL#JS9A4 |
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Expr7444
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Strong expression was seen in the early embryo which is absent in the mid and late stage embryos. There is also expression in nerve cells of the head of the adult nematode. |
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50-70 cell embryo(author) = 51-cell embryo(curator). early embryo(author) = blastula + gastrulating embryo(curator). fragment altered 7/97, at request of IHope late embryo(author) = 2-fold embryo(curator). life_stage summary : each cell-group has different pattern |
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Expr21
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The last expression component to appear is in certain cells of the somatic gonad. The D-cells of the vulval labia and unidentified cells of the spermathecal structures begin expression in L4, whilst gonadal morphogenesis is ongoing. The D-cells do not express beyond the first oocyte fertilisations (no zygotes are usually visible when these cells are stained), the spermathecal staining lasting slightly longer into adulthood The next stage at which expression is evident is during the elongation phase of late embryogenesis when the worm is approximately 2 fold. The nuclei of the M2 motor neurones in the terminal bulb of the pharynx stain strongly. More pharyngeal cells show expression as morphogenesis proceeds until at hatching the two I1 interneurones of the metacorpus, either the e2 or m2 cells of the procorpus, and the m8 muscle cell at the pharyngeal-intestinal boundary can all be seen. This pattern remains through the rest of the life cycle, although the m8 expression is lost during early larval stages These early larval stages also see the appearance of expression in the tail region. The nuclei of the anal sphincter cell and 3/4 neuronal cells of the posterior ganglia comprise this regional component of the pattern This gene gives rise to a complicated multicomponent developmental expression pattern. Earliest expression is seen during the cleavage stage of embryogenesis, in the clonal descendants of the E blastomere, the founder cell giving rise the whole of the gut of the adult animal. Expression begins in Ea and Ep just after gastrulation, and continues into each of the granddaughters of these two cells. At this stage, the expressing cells clearly outline the emerging form of the gut. This component ends at about the 150/200 cell stage |
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Clone: pUL#JRH6E10 |
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Expr7573
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From late embryo to adult, expression is seen in 2 pairs of amphids and one pair of phasmids. Expression is also seen in anterior cells of early and comma stage embryos. |
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early embryo(author) = blastula embryo(curator). |
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Expr550
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PAL-1 protein was detected in all P1 descendants from the 4-cell through the 24-cell stage. Staining was variable at the 24-cell stage. At the 28-cell stage, PAL-1 was detected in all P2 descendants. |
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The antibodies recognized both isoforms of GLD-1. early embryo(author) = blastula embryo(curator). |
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Expr583
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GLD-1 is first detected in EMS and P2 at the 4-cell stage. It remains in the germ line throughout embryogenesis, but is lost from MS, E, C and D when these somatic cells divide. |
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early embryo(author) = blastula embryo(curator). |
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Expr584
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gld-1 mRNA is contained in all blastmeres of embryos with 8 or fewer cells. Subsequently, gld-1 mRNA disappears rapidly from somatic blastmeres and is only detected in the germ lineage. By the 16 cell stage, gld-1 mRNA is only detected in P3. |
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Expr2551
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In situ hybridization analysis revealed that spn-4 mRNA was abundant in early embryos. The mRNA was present at the same level in all blastomeres up to the 4-cell stage. Afterwards, it persists in the P blastomere and its sister, and then just the germ lineage. The mRNA was also present in the adult gonads. |
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sdz-4 = C32B5.16 |
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Expr3146
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Expressed ubiquitously starting at the 12-cell stage. |
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sdz-33 = Y56A3A.14 |
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Expr3147
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Expressed ubiquitously starting at the 12-cell stage. |
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early embryo(author) = blastula embryo(curator). |
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Expr572
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SKN-1 protein first becomes visible in oocyte and sperm pronuclei before the first mitotic division of the zygote. SKN-1 becomes cytoplasmic as AB and P1 enter mitosis. P2 and EMS have more SKN-1 than AB daughters. By the 8-cell stage, the granddaughters of AB do not stain for SKN-1, but P1 granddaughters do. SKN-1 is not detectable by the 12-cell stage. |
After the first cleavage, SKN-1 protein locates at the nuclei of AB and P1. As AB and P1 enter mitosis, SKN-1 protein is distributed throughout cytoplasm. |
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sdz-36 = ZK1251.7 |
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Expr3148
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Expressed ubiquitously starting at the 12-cell stage. |
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Maternal effect. early embryo(author) = blastula + gastrulating embryo(curator). |
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Expr576
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In adult hermaphrodites, mex-1 mRNA is detected in the syncytial core of the gonad and in oocytes at all stages of maturation. In 1 and 2-cell stage embryos, mex-1 mRNA is distributed uniformly, but then appears to be degraded rapidly in somatic blastomeres but remains in germ line blastomeres in subsequent divisions. After P4 divides, mex-1 mRNA is not detected. |
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See Expression pattern 546 for distribution of APX-1 protein. early embryo(author) = blastula embryo(curator). |
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Expr545
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Between the newly-fertilized 1-cell stage and the 8-cell stage, apx-1 mRNA is present in all blastomeres at equivalent levels. After the 8-cell stage, apx-1 mRNA rapidly disappears from somatic blastomeres; in 12-cell stage embryos, apx-1 mRNA is visible in the P3 blastomere, but disappears from MS and all other blastomeres. In the 36-cell stage and later embryos, apx-1 mRNA was detected in one to five unidentified nuclei. |
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Expr2575
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In situ hybridization analysis revealed that spn-4 mRNA was abundant in early embryos. The mRNA was present at the same level in all blastomeres up to the 4-cell stage. Afterwards, it persists in the P blastomere and its sister, and then just the germ lineage. The mRNA was also present in the adult gonads. |
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Picture: Fig 2. |
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Expr8838
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Enrichment of ARX-5 was found near plasma membranes. This pattern was seen at gastrulation and earlier, and it was eliminated using RNAi targeting arx-5. At the time of Ea/p cell internalization, ARX-5 was also present at sites where MS granddaughter cells contact Ea at the apical surfaces of the cells. Diffuse cytoplasmic and P-granule staining was also seen, but RNAi targeting arx-5 eliminated only the cortical signal, suggesting that the cytoplasmic and P-granule staining were primarily non-specific background. Thus, Arp2/3 is enriched at the cell cortex at gastrulation and earlier. |
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Picture: Figures 2. |
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Expr8828
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lat-1 mRNA is detected in the gonad during oogenesis and in the blastomeres of the early embryo. |
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New Symbol: CABP15. Picture: Figure 6 Since this is also the region where AB and P1 come together, authors cannot rule out the possibility that this is the posterior cortex of AB. None the less, two pieces of evidence suggest that the enrichment seen is in the anterior of P1 (i) by carefully following the actin cortical staining in each cell, we appear to be able to discriminate between AB's and P1's cortex at the cellcell boundary, and CABP11 is strongly present on P1's cortex; and (ii) CABP11 localizes to the bright dot of actin that is thought to reside on the anterior cortex of P1. The staining of CABP11 in the cortex of the anterior cell, AB, is more complex and apparently very dynamic. |
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Expr8558
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CABP11 (140 kDa) localizes to the actin-rich cortex of the one-cell embryo in a dramatic fashion. Between the time when the pronuclei meet and the end of metaphase of the first cell cycle (~10 min), CABP11 is enriched in the anterior cortex of one-cell embryos. This anterior enrichment occurs relative to cortical actin itself, which is no less abundant in the posterior than anterior. There is some variability in the size of the anterior cap and CABP11 is not completely excluded from the posterior. Two-cell embryos also show asymmetry in CABP11 localization. In the posterior cell, P1, CABP11 appears to be enriched in the anterior cortex. |
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New Symbol: CABP14. Picture: Figure 5. |
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Expr8557
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CABP14 localizes to the actin-rich cortex of embryonic cells in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. It localizes to the nucleus of cells in prophase, to the nucleus and cortex of cells in prometaphase, to the cortex and cytoplasm of cells in metaphase and to the cleavage furrow of dividing cells. These various cell-cycle-dependent patterns are obvious from three different early embryos co-stained with CABP14 and actin antibodies. In the first embryo (two-cell stage), the posterior cell, P1, is in prophase and the anterior cell, AB, is in prometaphase. Typical of any embryonic cell in prophase, CABP14 is localized to the nucleus of P1 in this embryo and, typical of any embryonic cell in prmetaphase, CABP14 is localized predominantly to the nucleus and cortex of AB. In the second embryo (four-cell stage), the two daughters of AB (ABa and ABp) are in metaphase and the two daughters of P1 (EMS and P2) in prophase. The two metaphase cells show intense staining around the cortex of each cell and also some staining in the cytoplasm, whereas the two prophase cells show only nuclear staining. In the third embryo (eight-cell stage), P2 is dividing into C and P3. Localization of CABP14 along the cleavage furrow between the forming cells is evident. Two of the AB granddaughters, both in prometaphase, are in view and show nuclear and cortical CABP14 localization. The beginning of nuclear localization in the forming C and P3 cells and the recently divided E cell is faintly visible. CABP14 staining at different cleavage furrows varies from robust to weak, suggesting either a temporal component to its localization at the cleavage furrow or its association with a labile structure at the cleavage furrow. CABP14 staining is not detected in interphase or anaphase cells. |
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Picture: Figure 4. |
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Expr8031
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In wild-type embryos, CEH-39 was first detectable in the 2-cell stage, but robust CEH-39 accumulation began at the 8-cell stage and tapered off by the 150-cell stage, disappearing almost completely by the 200-cell stage. CEH-39 expressed in 2-cell embryos and also germline cells in hermaphrodite gonads. In germline cells, CEH-39 nuclear staining was observed from late pachytene through diakinesis. |
CEH-39 appeared to associate with condensed DNA. During mitosis, CEH-39 was detected on metaphase and anaphase chromosomes. In germline cells, staining colocalized with the condensed diakinetic chromosomes. |
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Expr9272
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such-1 is expressed throughout the developing germline as well as in the meiotic embryo and throughout embryogenesis. Limited expression is observed in the soma of the adult, including some head neurons and vulval precursor cells. In hermaphrodites, such-1-driven transgene expression is prominent in mature sperm stored in the spermatheca. Male transgenics were generated and was found that such-1 transgene is expressed throughout the male germline. |
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In situ hybridization showed that ceh-13 mRNA was not present at early embryonic stages. It appeared first in E.p and then in the AB.xxxp cells, only a short time before CEH-13. Transgenic Marker: rol-6(su1006). Subcellular localization: : Nuclear in E.p, cytoplasmic in AB.xxxp. Nuclear in E.p and Ab.xxxp daughters. In situ hybridization showed that ceh-13 mRNA was not present at early embryonic stages. It appeared first in E.p and then in the AB.xxxp cells, only a short time before CEH-13. Transgenic Marker: rol-6(su1006). |
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Expr513
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Expressed weakly in intestinal precursor, E.p, at 26-cell stage embryo at the beginning of gastrulation. Expressed in E.p and AB.xxxp daughters and in D.a and D.p. See Expression pattern 512 for expression later in development. |
Nuclear in E.p, cytoplasmic in AB.xxxp. Nuclear in E.p and Ab.xxxp daughters. |
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Expr9271
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gfi-3 is expressed throughout the germline, meiotically, and in all embryonic stages. The gfi-3 transgene is observed in the soma of the L1-L4 larval stages and is also expressed in the gut cells of the adult animal. In hermaphrodites, gfi-3-driven transgene expression is prominent in mature sperm stored in the spermatheca. Male transgenics were generated and was found that gfi-3 transgene is expressed throughout the male germline. |
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Expr848
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Transcripts for unc-32 were detected at high levels in early embryos from the one-cell stage to the end of gastrulation. In larvae and adults, transcripts were clearly present in the gonad, in the intestine, in many neurons in the head, and in motoneurons in the ventral cord. This expression pattern is consistent with the expression of a LacZ reporter gene driven by the upstream region of the unc-32 gene. unc-32 transcripts Containing Exon 4b Are Specifically Expressed in the Nervous System. In situ hybridization with the unc-32 gene revealed a large domain of expression, especially in the embryo where the expression is ubiquitous. |
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Expr3421
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The HIM-17::GFP fusion protein is strongly expressed in the germline and localizes to virtually all germline nuclei in L4 larvae and adult hermaphrodites and males. After fertilization, HIM-17::GFP is detected at low levels in early embryos until about the 16-cell stage. |
In premeiotic and early prophase nuclei up to and including the pachytene stage, HIM-17::GFP is concentrated on DAPI-stained chromatin. As nuclei exit pachytene and progress through diplotene into the diakinesis stage, HIM-17::GFP remains concentrated in the nucleus but is no longer restricted to chromatin. |
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Expr3718
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In situ hybridization shows that klp-15 and/or klp-16 mRNAs are concentrated in the germline at all stages, from L1 to adult. In L3, L4, and very young adults, transcripts accumulate in a specific region of the gonad, dorsal, and preturn, corresponding to the prophase of meiosis I, after the synaptonemal complex has been assembled, during pachytene. In older adults, the transcripts spread to the ventral gonad and are also present in large amounts in very early embryos. |
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