WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0005013

• Definition: Ring interneuron
• Name: RMGR
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0005013
• Synonym: lineage name: ABprapaaapp

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABprapaaapp	ABprapaaapp nucleus		WBbt:0002734

0 Expression Clusters

54 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr13039

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr13215
• Pattern: ILCR-1::GFP was expressed in most neurons, including RMG interneurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13216
• Pattern: ILCR-2::GFP was expressed in most neurons, including RMG interneurons. We found ilcr-2 was also expressed in pharyngeal muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr716
• Remark: This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).
• Pattern: Expression observed in most or all neurons at high levels as well as in some hypodermal and muscle cells. In most neurons, sax-3::GFP expression is transient, peaking during the period of axon outgrowth. Highest level of expression is observed in the embryo, particularly during the initial period of axon outgrowth at 350-400 min (comma-stage). At comma-stage high level of expression is observed in anterior embryo, including most developing neurons of the nerve ring and a swath of ventral cells that includes the developing motor neurons of the ventral nerve cord and posterior neurons such as PVQ. Lower level of expression is observed in the epidermal cells. 200-400 - cell stage; 200-300 min of development: Expression seen in all epidermal cells at low level. 3-fold stage; >500 min of development: Expression seen in muscles that extend from nerve ring to the anterior tip of the head. L1: Expression in motor neurons in the head including RMD, RMG, SMD, SIA and SIB neurons; projection interneurons in the head and tail, including AVA, AVB, PVC, AVD, PVQ and ALA neurons; and the sensory OLQ neuron. This neuronal expression diminishes throughout postembryonic development. During L1, expression persists in the head muscles and appears in muscles along the body wall, with ventral muscles expressing more strongly than posterior muscles. This expression continues until the adult stage. Epidermal expression was rarely seen in larval stages. L2: Expression observed in HSN motor neurons. HSN motor neurons extends a growth cone (axon from their lateral cell bodies) towards the ventral midline and expression is at its highest at this point. L3: Expression observed in the axon reaching the ventral nerve cord. L4: Expression continues in HSN, when HSN axon grows anteriorly to the head. Adult: Expression decreases in HSN at this stage after the completion of HSN axon outgrowth. In addition expression observed in motor neurons, interneurons and sensory neurons listed above also postembryonic ventral cord motorneurons, some interneurons from the tail and head, body wall and vulval muscles.

• Primary Identifier: Expr733
• Remark: This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).
• Pattern: Staining is seen in a set of 47 nuclei in fixed newly hatched first larval stage (L1). All stained cells are neurons. Hermaphrodite express in cells. RIH, RIR, PVR, IL2L/R, URYVL/R, RIPL/R, AIZL/R, FLPL/R, ADAL/R, RMGL/R, BPUL/R, PLML/R, ALML/R, ALNL/R, HSNL/R, URBL/R, NSML/R, URADL/R, IL2DL/R, I2L/R, IL2VL/R, URAVL/R, URXL/R, AIML/R, URYDL/R, PQR, PVM, SDQL/R, PVDL/R, PHCL/R, PLNL/R. Male cells express as in hermaphrodite except for HSNL/R which die, and show expression in CEMDL/R, CEMVL/R which die in hermaphrodites. Expression pattern is first determined in the Q lineage. Once expression has been initiated in a cell, it is maintained by that cell and all of its descendants in all cases except for SDQ.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15402

• Primary Identifier: Expr15406

• Primary Identifier: Expr1454
• Remark: avr-15 = GluClalpha2
• Pattern: The transformed animals exhibited fluorescence in all of the muscles of the metacorpus (pm4) and the isthmus (pm5), precisely those muscles onto which M3 synapses. The GFP staining of pharyngeal muscle began shortly before hatching and persisted throughout adulthood. Strong staining was also seen in a few neurons of the head, including RMED, RMEV and the bilaterally symmetric RMGs. Weak staining was seen in unidentified ventrally located neurons contributing to the dorsal and ventral sublateral nerve cords. Two ventral cord neurons near the anus stain consistently, namely DA9 and a more anteriorly located neuron that is likely to be VA12.

• Primary Identifier: Expr892
• Remark: Confirmation of GFP staining and NCS-1-positive cells was obtained with antibodies against Ce-NCS-1. See Expr893.
• Pattern: Ce-NCS-1 was predominantly expressed in sensory neurons (10 neuronal pairs: AWC, ASE, AWB, BAG, PHB, AWA, AFD, ADF, ASG, PHA). In addition, two pairs of interneurons (AVK, AIY), one motor neuron (RMG), and one muscle cell type (pm1) expressed Ce-NCS-1. Most of the NCS-1-expressing neurons were associated with two sensory organs, the head amphids and tail phasmids

• Primary Identifier: Expr2267
• Remark: Since these gfp fusions lack the introns and the 3' untranslated region, they might be lacking potential regulatory sequences. In that case, the gfp expression patterns may not precisely represent those of the endogenous kin-8 gene. cam-1 is called kin-8 in this article.
• Pattern: Expressed in chemosensory neurons in amphid: ASH. Other sensory neurons: ADE, FLP. Touch receptor neurons: AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM. Amphid interneurons: AIY, AIZ. Other interneurons: RIC, RMG, RIS, DVA, AVA, AVE, PVC, AVK, PVQ. Interneurons?: ALN, BDU, SDQ. Ring motor/inter neurons: RMD, RMDV. Ring motor neurons: RMED, RMEV Five neurons out of the following six, RIV, AVH, AVB, AVJ, AVD, AIN. About seven neurons in retrovesicular ganglion. Pharyngeal muscles in procorpus and isthmus. M4 and several pharyngeal neurons. A part of intestine and a few body wall muscles near the head (weak). Distal tip cells (sometimes and weak). A few ventral motor neurons and seam cells (rarely and weak). The expression patterns did not appear to change through the larva to adult stages. Embryonic expression was also observed.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15570

• Primary Identifier: Expr15443

• Primary Identifier: Expr15644

• Primary Identifier: Expr15648

• Primary Identifier: Expr3135
• Pattern: C47A10.6 expressed in both head (labial) and tail neurons (phasmid PHCL/R). C47A10.6 also showed medium to strong expression in scattered nonchemosensory neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15657

11 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 290-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage when embryo just finished gastrulation and is enclosing.		enclosing embryo Ce	WBls:0000013
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 0-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 1 cell to 560 cells. From start of first cleavage until cleavage is over.		proliferating embryo Ce	WBls:0000004
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-390min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. Emrbyo elongation started but have not formed comma shape yet. The shape of embryo looks like a lima bean. A stage right before comma embryo. Also called lima embryo or lima bean stage.		bean embryo Ce	WBls:0000016
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 210-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage before the fast cleavage of cells finishes.		late cleavage stage embryo Ce	WBls:0000014

3 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
embryonic cell	ABprapaaap		WBbt:0005977
Neuron class of two motoneurons, which innervate muscles in the head via NMJs in the nerve ring.	RMG		WBbt:0006842