WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0008379

• Definition: epithelial support cell of the amphid sensilla.
• Name: amphid socket cell
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0008379
• Synonym: AMso

2 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
Amphid socket cell, left	AMsoL	lineage name: ABplpaapapa	WBbt:0003931
Amphid socket cell, right	AMsoR	lineage name: ABprpaapapa	WBbt:0003929

2 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in ADE sheath cell, ADE socket cell, amphid sheath cell, amphid socket cell, cephalic sheath cell, CEP socket cell, IL sheath cell, IL socket cell, OL sheath cell, OL socket cell, PDE sheath cell, PDE socket cell, phasmid sheath cell, phasmid socket cell according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:Glia
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 112 expressed in: Amphid socket.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:112

8 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr11585
• Pattern: Head Paak-2::GFP expression is mostly seen in the excretory cell but is also observed in pharyngeal neurons, epithelial cells, a subset of ring neurons, amphid socket cells and head body wall muscles. Paak-2::GFP is also expressed in the posterior intestine, rectal gland and epithelial cells, and in phasmids. Paak-2::GFP is detected in vulval muscles. For a summary of Paak-2::GFP see table S10.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9260
• Pattern: In the head of both males and hermaphrodites, the expression of the Ptbb-4::YFP transcriptional reporter was observed in many amphid neurons, likely ADL, AFD, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASJ, ASK, ASI, AWA, AWB, and AWC as judged by co-labeling with lipophilic dyes and/or cellular morphology. Other head neurons expressing Ptbb-4::YFP include the cephalic CEP neurons, the outer labial quadrant OLQ neurons, and the mechanosensory FLP neurons. In the midbody and tail, Ptbb-4::YFP expression was found in the PDE postdeirid neurons, PQR (a sensory neuron whose cilium is exposed to the pseudocoelomic fluid), and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB. Ptbb-4::YFP was also expressed in all 18 ray neurons in the male, consistent with a previous report (Portman and Emmons 2004). Because of abundant ray neuron expression, Ptbb-4::YFP expression in male phasmid and hook neurons could not be reliably confirmed, although expression in these cells is not unlikely. We also observed Ptbb-4::YFP expression in the hermaphrodite HSN motor neurons, the vulval muscles, and several unidentified nonsensory neurons. Expression was also occasionally apparent in the amphid sheath (AMsh) and socket (AMso) glial cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9261
• Pattern: In the head, a Ptba-9::YFP transcriptional reporter showed expression in amphid neurons, likely to be ADF, AFD, ASE, ASI, AWA, and AWC, in addition to the OLQ and CEP neurons, the anterior and posterior deirid neurons ADE and PDE, the RIG interneuron, and several additional unidentified nonsensory neurons. In the posterior of both sexes, this reporter was expressed in two tail interneurons, likely DVA, DVB, and/or DVC, as well as the sensory neuron PQR. In the male tail, Ptba-9::mCherry was expressed in the hook HOA and the ray RnA neurons as judged by morphol- ogy, position, and lack of overlap with the RnB marker Ppkd-2::GFP. In the head, a Ptba-9::YFP transcriptional reporter showed expression in amphid neurons, likely to be ADF, AFD, ASE, ASI, AWA, and AWC, in addition to the OLQ and CEP neurons, the anterior and posterior deirid neurons ADE and PDE, the RIG interneuron, and several additional unidentified nonsensory neurons. In the posterior of both sexes, this reporter was expressed in two tail interneurons, likely DVA, DVB, and/or DVC, as well as the sensory neuron PQR. In the male tail, Ptba-9::mCherry was expressed in the hook HOA and the ray RnA neurons as judged by morphology, position, and lack of overlap with the RnB marker Ppkd-2::GFP.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11586
• Pattern: Paakg-4::gfp is broadly expressed in C. elegans. Paakg-4::gfp is seen in tail sensory organs: phasmid sheath, socket cells and neurons, as well as in epithelial rectal cells, anal-depressor muscle, pre-anal ganglion rectal neurons, body wall muscles, posterior intestine and dorsal cord neuronal processes. Paakg-4::gfp is expressed in vulval, uterine muscles and ventral cord processes. Head expression mostly localizes to the ring ganglia plus 6 pharyngeal neurons. It is also seen in amphid sensory organs including sheath, socket cells and neurons. For a summary of Paakg-4::gfp see table S10.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9293
• Pattern: Strong snf-12 expression was observed in the epidermis of C. elegans throughout development. Expression is also seen in vulval cells, in the excretory cell, in the seam cells, and in the amphid and phasmid socket cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9197
• Pattern: No expression from the transgene is seen in embryonic stages. GFP expression is detected in glial cells associated with amphid, phasmid, labial and posterior deirids (PDE) sensory neurons as early as the L1 stage and continuing throughout larval development. Expression is also seen in vulval tissue in L4 and adult animals.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13750
• Pattern: R2::Deltapes-10::gfp was expressed in vulval cells, rectal epithelial cells, amphid socket and phasmid socket cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13640
• Pattern: Animals co-expressing igdb-2 promoter::nuclear-RFP and glial mir-228 promoter::GFP exhibit signal co-localization in glia, among other cells. A similar experiment using itr-1 promoter::GFP to mark AMso glia, revealed co-localization with igdb-2 promoter::GFP in these cells.
• Subcellular Localization: Within AMso glia, IGDB-2 was enriched near the amphid channel and in vesicular structures in the cell body.

0 Life Stages

1 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
An interfacial epithelial cell which forms a distal cap on a sheath cell to bind the sheath of a sensillum to the neighboring hypodermis, via adherens junctions. There is often a narrow opening through the socket from the exterior into the sheath channel, allowing ciliated dendrites to be exposed to the external environment. The socket cell functions similarly to a glial cell.	socket cell		WBbt:0005750