WormMine

WS295

Intermine data mining platform for C. elegans and related nematodes

Gene :

WormBase Gene ID  ? WBGene00001102 Gene Name  dsh-2
Sequence Name  ? C27A2.6 Brief Description  dsh-2 encodes one of three C. elegans Dishevelled (Dsh) homologs; during embryonic development, dsh-2 functions in the Wnt signaling pathway that specifies endoderm and orients the division axis of the EMS blastomere; dsh-2 is also required for many neuronal cell fate specifications and for asymmetric cell division in the early somatic gonad; dsh-2 is additionally required for proper hypodermal morphogenesis during embryonic elongation; DSH-2 is expressed in the embryo from the early stages of embryogenesis through the ~1.5-fold stage; DSH-2 is also expressed in the somatic gonad precursors Z1 and Z4; DSH-2 localizes to the cell cortex.
Organism  Caenorhabditis elegans Automated Description  Predicted to enable frizzled binding activity. Involved in several processes, including Wnt signaling pathway, regulating spindle positioning; embryonic morphogenesis; and left/right axis specification. Located in cell cortex. Expressed in several structures, including QL; QR; distal tip cell; midbody; and somatic gonad precursor. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in DiGeorge syndrome; Robinow syndrome (multiple); and lung cancer. Is an ortholog of human DVL1 (dishevelled segment polarity protein 1).
Biotype  SO:0001217 Genetic Position  II :-2.53868 ±0.011025
Length (nt)  ? 2942
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1 Organism

Name Taxon Id
Caenorhabditis elegans 6239

1 Synonyms

Value
WBGene00001102

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
Transcript:C27A2.6.1 C27A2.6.1 2493   II: 5078233-5081174
 

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
CDS:C27A2.6 C27A2.6 2280   II: 5078429-5078567

95 RNAi Result

WormBase ID
WBRNAi00114007
WBRNAi00114164
WBRNAi00114242
WBRNAi00114124
WBRNAi00108451
WBRNAi00101895
WBRNAi00101399
WBRNAi00067033
WBRNAi00067595
WBRNAi00067604
WBRNAi00067769
WBRNAi00068018
WBRNAi00068052
WBRNAi00068141
WBRNAi00068176
WBRNAi00068180
WBRNAi00024652
WBRNAi00008446
WBRNAi00064797
WBRNAi00063742
WBRNAi00063743
WBRNAi00064597
WBRNAi00062604
WBRNAi00098791
WBRNAi00098790
WBRNAi00098793
WBRNAi00098792
WBRNAi00108450
WBRNAi00114280
WBRNAi00114045

84 Allele

Public Name
gk963801
gk963053
otn10822
otn9479
otn9480
otn9481
otn12911
otn12910
otn12912
otn11932
otn11931
WBVar02122919
WBVar02120939
WBVar02124555
WBVar02120624
WBVar02123027
gk962544
WBVar01372400
WBVar01372411
WBVar01891697
WBVar00103944
otn7262
WBVar01559527
WBVar01559526
ez25
gk142176
gk142178
gk142177
WBVar02048904
ok2162

1 Chromosome

WormBase ID Organism Length (nt)
II Caenorhabditis elegans 15279421  

1 Chromosome Location


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00001102 5078233 5081174 -1

4 Data Sets

Name URL
WormBaseAcedbConverter  
GO Annotation data set  
C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)  
Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions  

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrII_5071366..5078232   6867 II: 5071366-5078232 Caenorhabditis elegans

172 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment Description Algorithm Primary Identifier
  Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants. Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)). WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
  Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons. DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1. WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L1-larva_expressed
adult vs dauer larva Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C. N.A. WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
  Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade). For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
  Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals. Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05 WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
Bacteria diet: Escherichia coli HB101. Fed for 30 generations. Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria E. coli HB101 for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50. DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00061007:HB101_downregulated
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations. Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50. DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
  Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hsp-6(mg585) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage. EdgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.001. WBPaper00056290:hsp-6(mg585)_downregulated
  Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates. A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing. [cgc5767]:expression_class_M
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals exposed to 400uM tamoxifen from L1 to L4 larva stage. DEseq2, fold change > 2 WBPaper00064505:tamoxifen_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly changed expression in 6-day post-L4 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite animals. Sleuth WBPaper00051558:aging_regulated
  Significantly differentially expressed genes as determined by microarray analysis of wild-type and cde-1 mutant germlines. RNAs that changed at least 2-fold with a probability of p < 0.05 were considered differentially regulated between wildtype and cde-1. WBPaper00035269:cde-1_regulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage. DESeq WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
  Genes down regulated by mir-243(n4759). RNAs that changed at least 2-fold with a probability of p > 0.05 in three biological replicates were considered differentially regulated between wild-type and mir-243. WBPaper00036130:mir-243_down_regulated
25C vs. 20C Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 25C, comparing to in N2 animals grown at 20C. CuffDiff, fold change > 2. WBPaper00065096:25C_vs_20C_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C. CuffDiff, fold change > 2. WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage. DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05. WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:coelomocytes_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:GABAergic-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression at URX, AQR, and PQR neurons in camt-1(ok515) animals comparing to in wild type AX1888-1 strain. RNA-seq data were mapped using PRAGUI - a Python 3-based pipeline for RNA-seq data analysis. WBPaper00061902:camt-1(ok515)_regulated_URX-AQR-PQR
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:hypodermis_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ilc-17.1(syb5296) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage. DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05. WBPaper00066594:ilc-17.1(syb5296)_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hira-1(gk835598) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage. Differential expression analysis was done with Rversion 2.15.3 using DESeq_1.10.1. Fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00059739:hira-1(gk835598)_upregulated_L4

13 Expression Patterns

Remark Reporter Gene Primary Identifier Pattern Subcellular Localization
Also expressed in (comments from author) : No comments. Strain: BC14452 [dsh-2::gfp] transcriptional fusion. PCR products were amplified using primer A: 5' [TGGGATTCCGATTTTTATGT] 3' and primer B 5' [GGGGAATCTGTGATTTTGTCTT] 3'. Expr5348 Adult Expression: intestine; Nervous System; nerve ring; ventral nerve cord; head neurons; tail neurons; Larval Expression: intestine; Nervous System; nerve ring; ventral nerve cord; head neurons; tail neurons;  
    Expr1030702 Tiling arrays expression graphs  
Picture: Supplemental Figure 1. .   Expr8591   DSH-2 is localized to the cortex of dorsal cells during intercalation and ventral cells during enclosure. DSH-2 localizes to the boundaries of cells near cell-cell junctions.
    Expr15115    
    Expr2011104 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr3491 Both dsh-2::gfp and DSH-2 protein were detected in Z1 and Z4, demonstrating that both the mRNA and protein are present at the early stages of gonadal development. By either detection method, expression in Z1/Z4 was very weak, and many early L1 animals had undetectable staining. Indeed, out of several hundred L1 larvae examined, expression in Z1/Z4 was observed in about 25. Additionally, in animals with expression in both Z1 and Z4, dramatic differences in staining intensity were often observed between the two cells. Presumably these results indicate that DSH-2 expression is dynamic in the early somatic gonad. Expression in the distal tip cell in L2 hermaphrodites was also detected, but not any expression later than the L2 stage. DSH-2 staining in the gonad is punctate, and higher levels of DSH-2 are often evident at the cell cortex.  
    Expr3412   In wild-type embryos, the protein was first detected in four-cell embryos. The protein remains associated with the cell cortex in most cells until approximately the 1.5-fold stage of embryogenesis when it was no longer detectable.
    Expr3413   A rescuing DSH-2::GFP translational fusion protein localizes to the cell cortex in a similar manner to the endogenous DSH-2 protein. The one cell type that clearly has dramatically reduced protein levels are gut cells descended from the E blastomere.
    Expr1013838 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012  
Original chronogram file: chronogram.2358.xml [C27A2.6:gfp] transcriptional fusion. Chronogram1235    
    Expr2029340 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr1145347 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015  
    Expr3155   DSH-2 has a predominantly cytoplasmic localization through the early 4-cell stage. During the late 4-cell stage, it redistributes to the cortex of most blastomeres but is enriched at the boundary between P2 and EMS through the early 6-cell stage. Between the late 6- and 32-cell stages, DSH-2 staining is evenly distributed at the cortex of all cells, including all AB granddaughters. Staining for DSH-2 is absent in dsh-2(or302) embryos. Removal of the function of kin-19 by RNAi does not result in a loss of DSH-2 enrichment between P2 and EMS.

31 GO Annotation

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
part_of(WBbt:0006876) located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in

16 Homologues

Type
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue

1 Locations


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00001102 5078233 5081174 -1

31 Ontology Annotations

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
part_of(WBbt:0006876) located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

Length
2942

1 Sequence Ontology Term

Identifier Name Description
gene  

8 Strains

WormBase ID
WBStrain00024219
WBStrain00028756
WBStrain00036812
WBStrain00036946
WBStrain00006443
WBStrain00008508
WBStrain00008501
WBStrain00008507

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrII_5081175..5081489   315 II: 5081175-5081489 Caenorhabditis elegans