WormMine: Gene WBGene00001694

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00001694
• Gene Name: grd-5
• Sequence Name: F41E6.2
• Brief Description: grd-5 encodes a hedgehog-like protein, with an N-terminal signalsequence and a C-terminal Ground domain; GRD-5 is expressed in adultanterior and posterior seam cells, overlapping GRD-3 expression; theGround domain is predicted to form a cysteine-crosslinked proteininvolved in intercellular signalling, and it has subtle similarity tothe N-terminal Hedge domain of HEDGEHOG proteins; GRD-5 is weaklyrequired for normal molting; GRD-5 is also required for normal adultalae formation, growth to full size, and locomotion; all of theserequirements may reflect common defects in cholesterol-dependenthedgehog-like signalling or in vesicle trafficking.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in embryo development. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Expressed in anterior arcade cell; pharyngeal neurons; rectal epithelium; and vulval cell.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: V :1.49477 ±0.004138
• Length (nt): 839

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00001694

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F41E6.2.1	F41E6.2.1	524	V: 8619032-8619870

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F41E6.2	F41E6.2	309	V: 8619050-8619128

7 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00046992
• WBRNAi00077019
• WBRNAi00076994
• WBRNAi00014746
• WBRNAi00032092
• WBRNAi00000881
• WBRNAi00076973

32 Allele

• gk963301
• gk964351
• gk962860
• gk964052
• gk241784
• gk241783
• gk241785
• gk899597
• otn2073
• otn3425
• otn3426
• otn3427
• h7843
• snx3230
• snx5088
• otn3428
• gk668919
• gk381565
• gk845028
• gk498661
• gk636444
• WBVar01924745
• gk578545
• snx1383
• gk672062
• gk679270
• gk636443
• gk515589
• gk345440
• gk373336

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: V
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 20924180

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001694
• Start: 8619032
• End: 8619870
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrV_8619871..8619924
• Length (nt): 54
• Chromosome Location: V: 8619871-8619924
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

284 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_upregulated
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when no food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_NoFood
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ogt-1(ok1474) neuronal cells isolated by FACs comparing to in FACs isolated neuronal cells from wild type.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066485:ogt-1(ok1474)_upregulated_neuron
	Genome-wide analysis of developmental and sex-regulated gene expression profile.	self-organizing map	cgc4489_group_18
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Exposure for 16 hours.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 after animals were exposed to E. faecalis OG1RF for 16 hours comparing to exposure to E. Coli OP50.	Cuffcompare and Cuffdiff	WBPaper00056090:E.faecalis_downregulated_N2
	Proteins interacting with NHR-49-GFP according to co-IP and LC-MS.	N.A.	WBPaper00064071:NHR-49_interacting
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression at 5-days-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites comparing to 1-day-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:Day5_vs_Day1_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression at 11-days-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites comparing to 1-day-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:Day11_vs_Day1_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
mitochondrial sulfide delivery molecule (mtH2S) AP39	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals treated with mitochondrial sulfide delivery molecule (mtH2S) AP39 starting from 1-day-post L4 until 11 days post L4.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:mtH2S-AP39-D0-treatment_upregulated_Day11
	Genes up regulated in alg-1(gk214) comparing to in N2.	Differential expression was assessed using an empirical Bayes statistics using the eBayes function.	WBPaper00040823:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated
	Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in prx-5(RNAi) animals.	Fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00060911:prx-5(RNAi)_downregulated_mRNA
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_aging
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 0_0 expressed in seam.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:0_0
Bacteria infection: Photorhabdus luminescens	Genes down-regulated in animals infected with Photorhabdus luminescens compared to the E. coli OP50 control after 24h of infection.	MAANOVA and BRB-Array-Tools.	WBPaper00030985:Photorhabdus_luminescens_downregulated

8 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4431
• Pattern: Expressed in the seam cells at adult stage. Expressed in the rectal epithelial cells only in the fourth larval stage (L4). Expressed in VulB and VulD. Expressed in anterior arcade cells. Expressed in a pharyngeal neuron in the metacorpus extending a neurite anteriorly and an axon posteriorly.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031011
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr1150857
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr636
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified. This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).
• Pattern: grd-5C::gfp-lacZ reporter constructs gave lacZ staining in anterior and posterior seam cells in adults.

• Primary Identifier: Chronogram1691
• Remark: Original chronogram file: chronogram.611.xml
• Reporter Gene: [F41E6.2:gfp] transcriptional fusion.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2030471
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2012235
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1011866
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

4 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001694
• Start: 8619032
• End: 8619870
• Strand: 1

4 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 839

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

2 Strains

• WBStrain00051273
• WBStrain00002346

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrV_8617919..8619031
• Length (nt): 1113
• Chromosome Location: V: 8617919-8619031
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans