WormMine: Gene WBGene00003507

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003507
• Gene Name: mut-14
• Sequence Name: C14C11.6
• Brief Description: mut-14 encodes a DEAD box RNA helicase; MUT-14 activity is required redundantly with its paralog SMUT-1, for germline RNAi and endogenous siRNA formation; mut-14 mutant animals exhibit germline transposon activation, a deficient response to RNAi, resistance to co-suppression, and transgene desilencing.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable RNA helicase activity and mRNA binding activity. Involved in regulatory ncRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Located in mutator focus. Expressed in germ cell and germ line.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: V :-1.29557 ±0.011741
• Length (nt): 1992

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003507

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:C14C11.6.1	C14C11.6.1	1748	V: 5658713-5660704

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:C14C11.6	C14C11.6	1587	V: 5658874-5659119

10 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00040531
• WBRNAi00058831
• WBRNAi00078380
• WBRNAi00008094
• WBRNAi00010743
• WBRNAi00021649
• WBRNAi00075497
• WBRNAi00075502
• WBRNAi00085046
• WBRNAi00086725

27 Allele

• gk963301
• gk963591
• gk963553
• gk964259
• gk964351
• gk963850
• WBVar01651633
• pk1358
• WBVar00209600
• gk808232
• gk428606
• gk525354
• gk897951
• gk417294
• gk672051
• gk719250
• gk588965
• gk670055
• h12957
• gk235615
• gk235616
• WBVar01460002
• gk310240
• mg464
• pk738
• WBVar01460003
• WBVar01740282

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: V
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 20924180

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003507
• Start: 5658713
• End: 5660704
• Strand: -1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrV_5658700..5658712
• Length (nt): 13
• Chromosome Location: V: 5658700-5658712
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

96 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
	Transcripts that showed significantly higher expression in somatic gonad precursor cells (SGP) vs. head mesodermal cells (hmc).	DESeq2, fold change >= 2, FDR <= 0.01.	WBPaper00056826:SGP_biased
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Strictly maternal class (SM): genes that are the subset of maternal genes that are not also classified as embryonic.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_SM
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
	Genes down regulated by mir-243(n4759).	RNAs that changed at least 2-fold with a probability of p > 0.05 in three biological replicates were considered differentially regulated between wild-type and mir-243.	WBPaper00036130:mir-243_down_regulated
Temprature shift to 28C for 24 hours.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were exposed to 28C temperature for 24 hours.	Differentially expressed genes wereidentified using DESeq (v.1.18.0) by normalizing readsbased on the negative binomial distribution method andcomparing each HS timepoint to the 0-h control.	WBPaper00061341:28C_24h_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
	Proteins that showed significantly decreased expression in 1-day-old sek-1(km4) adults comparing to in wild type animals, both with 6 hours of cisplatin treatment.	The differential expression analysis was performed in R. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by using a two-sided t-test on log-transformed data.	WBPaper00065373:sek-1(km4)_downregulated_cisplatin
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ilc-17.1(syb5296) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066594:ilc-17.1(syb5296)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in FACS sorted neuron cells (labelled by pan-neuronal GFP) from edIs6[unc-119::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]; thoc-5(wy822) comparing to in edIs6.	DESeq2, log2 fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.005.	WBPaper00055103:thoc-5(wy822)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-1(RNAi) embryos comparing to control animals.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067044:hda-1(RNAi)_upregulated
	Transcripts detected in germline isolated from day-1 adult hermaphrodite animals.	All three experiments have CPM >= 1.	WBPaper00067147:germline_expressed
	Genes that were not enriched in either spermatogenic fem-3(q96gf) nor oogenic fog-2(q71) gonads, according to RNAseq analysis.	To identify differentially expressed transcripts, authors used R/Bioconductor package DESeq.	WBPaper00045521:Gender_Neutral
	Transcripts that showed altered expression from P0 to F2 generation animals after N2 parental generation were treated with antimycin, but not in damt-1(gk961032) P0 to F2 animals after the parenal generaton were treated with antimycin.	N.A.	WBPaper00055862:antimycin_damt-1(gk961032)_regulated
Starvation	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression by starvation with 100 mM salt (NaCl)	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:starvation_regulated_LowSalt
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in the neurons of bcat-1(RNAi) animals at 5-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage, comparing to animals injected with empty vector.	DESeq2. FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00060459:bcat-1(RNAi)_downregulated
	Up-regulated genes (fold change > 1.5) in two CoQ-deficient clk-1 mutant strains (e2519, qm30) compared to wild types N2.	Fold-changes of intensities were calculated from the arithmetic mean of gene expression values between experimental and corresponding control group. Fold change >= 1.5 was used as cut-off.	WBPaper00045774:clk-1_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed decreased expression in hlh-11(ko1) knockout strain comparing to in wild type background.	DESeq2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00060683:hlh-11(ko1)_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Exposure for 16 hours.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hpx-2(dg047) after animals were exposed to E. faecalis OG1RF for 16 hours comparing to exposure to E. Coli OP50.	Cuffcompare and Cuffdiff	WBPaper00056090:E.faecalis_downregulated_hpx-2(dg047)
	Genes found to be regulated by low-copy overexpression of sir-2.1 with p < 0.014.	N.A.	WBPaper00026929:sir-2.1_overexpression_regulated
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly depleted expression in sensory neuron (labeled by iaIs25[Pgcy-37::GFP + unc-119(+)]) comparing to in whole worm.	Fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00060661:sensory-neuron_depleted

7 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031603
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr10157
• Subcellular Localization: MUT-14 fusion protein displayed punctate foci similar to what was observed for MUT-16::GFP, in punctate foci throughout the germline. The brightest and most concentrated foci were in the mitotic region and the transition zone (leptotene/zygotene) regions of the germline. The MUT-14::mCherry foci were predominantly perinuclear from the mitotic region through pachytene, but by the diakinesis stage of meiosis, some of the foci had detached from the nuclear periphery and become cytoplasmically localized.The Mutator foci were present during larval stages through adult development and were visible in both hermaphrodite and male germlines.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1021062
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2013829
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr11745
• Pattern: The mut-14 promoter drives expression of mCherry predominantly in germ cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1144587
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2032069
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

15 GO Annotation

7 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003507
• Start: 5658713
• End: 5660704
• Strand: -1

15 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 1992

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

1 Strains

• WBStrain00028978

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrV_5660705..5661158
• Length (nt): 454
• Chromosome Location: V: 5660705-5661158
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans