WormMine: Gene WBGene00004786

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00004786
• Gene Name: sex-1
• Sequence Name: F44A6.2
• Brief Description: sex-1 encodes a DNA-binding protein that is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of transcriptional regulators; during embryonic development, SEX-1 functions as an X chromosome signal element that transmits the primary sex-determination signal by negatively regulating transcription of xol-1, a gene whose expression levels correlate with hermaphrodite or male development (low xol-1 levels result in hermaphrodite development, high xol-1, in that of males); in vivo, SEX-1 can associate with extrachromosomal arrays containing the xol-1 promoter, indicating that SEX-1's affect on xol-1 transcription is likely to be direct; SEX-1 localizes to nuclei from oogenesis through mid-embryogenesis, with highest levels of expression visible during early gastrulation (28-100-cell-stage); the SEX-1 expression pattern appears to be similar in hermaphrodites and males.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in primary sex determination and regulation of gene expression. Located in nucleus. Expressed in gonad; intestine; oocyte; and ventral uterine precursor. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease; artery disease (multiple); liver disease (multiple); and lung carcinoma (multiple). Is an ortholog of human NR1D1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1) and NR1D2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: X :1.8824 ±0.018071
• Length (nt): 4093

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00004786

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F44A6.2.1	F44A6.2.1	1898	X: 10201329-10205421

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F44A6.2	F44A6.2	1605	X: 10201622-10201708

40 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00072499
• WBRNAi00072500
• WBRNAi00033555
• WBRNAi00025501
• WBRNAi00074362
• WBRNAi00074364
• WBRNAi00074367
• WBRNAi00074366
• WBRNAi00074369
• WBRNAi00008796
• WBRNAi00047241
• WBRNAi00064622
• WBRNAi00064751
• WBRNAi00074363
• WBRNAi00074365
• WBRNAi00074368
• WBRNAi00097213
• WBRNAi00097357
• WBRNAi00097374
• WBRNAi00068537
• WBRNAi00068535
• WBRNAi00068536
• WBRNAi00093849
• WBRNAi00070056
• WBRNAi00063913
• WBRNAi00063914
• WBRNAi00072498
• WBRNAi00047242
• WBRNAi00064507
• WBRNAi00064631

66 Allele

• WBVar01928058
• gk964260
• gk962707
• WBVar01759055
• WBVar02027304
• WBVar00062334
• y263
• WBVar00062339
• WBVar00062344
• gk370708
• gm41
• WBVar01888489
• y424
• WBVar01888486
• WBVar01888487
• WBVar01888488
• ttTi25765
• gk839776
• gk923390
• WBVar01620235
• gk562688
• gk917280
• gk860306
• gk681242
• gk328082
• gk811233
• gk889902
• gk597644
• WBVar00082216
• WBVar00053802

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: X
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17718942

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00004786
• Start: 10201329
• End: 10205421
• Strand: -1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_10200376..10201328
• Length (nt): 953
• Chromosome Location: X: 10200376-10201328
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

196 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when no food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_NoFood
	Transcripts that showed significantly higher expression in somatic gonad precursor cells (SGP) vs. head mesodermal cells (hmc).	DESeq2, fold change >= 2, FDR <= 0.01.	WBPaper00056826:SGP_biased
	Genes that showed significantly increased expression in wrn-1(gk99) comparing to in N2, according to RNAseq.	DESeq was used to calculate the fold changes, log fold changes, and significance of the changes for each comparison.	WBPaper00045934:wrn-1(gk99)_upregulated
	Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
Bacteria diet: Escherichia coli HB101. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria E. coli HB101 for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:HB101_downregulated
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hrde-1(tm1200) animals, comparing to in N2, after growing at 25C for five generations (late generation).	CuffDiff2	WBPaper00051265:F4_hrde-1(tm1200)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals exposed to 400uM tamoxifen from L1 to L4 larva stage.	DEseq2, fold change > 2	WBPaper00064505:tamoxifen_upregulated
25C vs. 20C	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 25C, comparing to in N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:25C_vs_20C_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite npr-8(ok1439) animals grown at 20C, comparing to in N2 animals.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:npr-8(ok1439)_downregulated_Day10_20C
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in eat-2(ad1116) comparing to in N2 at 3-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite animals.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:eat-2(ad1116)_downregulated
	Transcripts detected in germline isolated from day-1 adult hermaphrodite animals.	All three experiments have CPM >= 1.	WBPaper00067147:germline_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in the neurons of bcat-1(RNAi) animals at 5-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage, comparing to animals injected with empty vector.	DESeq2. FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00060459:bcat-1(RNAi)_downregulated
	Genes regulated by DAF-12, according to whole transcriptome profiling to compare genome-wide regulatory influences of DPY-21 and SET-4 to those of the key transcription factors controlling dauer arrest in eak-7;akt-1 animals, DAF-16 and DAF-12.	Authors identified genes differentially expressed between wild-type and eak-7;akt-1 double mutant animals [fold change >= 1.5 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Authors then compared the transcriptomes of eak-7;akt-1 double mutants to those of eak-7;akt-1 animals harboring mutations in dpy-21, set-4, daf-16, or daf-12, and identified genes that are differentially expressed in the opposite direction as in wild-type relative to eak-7;akt-1. Annotated gene expression data output from CuffDiff v2.2.1 was read into R version 3.2.1 for six comparisons: eak-7;akt-1 compared to (1) wild-type, (2) daf-16(mu86);eak-7;akt-1, (3) daf-12;eak-7;akt-1, (4) set-4(n4600);eak-7;akt-1, (5) set-4(dp268);eak-7;akt-1, and (6) dpy-21;eak-7;akt-1. Authors filtered genes by the following criteria: (1) status = OK for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1, (2) fold change (FC) >= 1.5 or FC <= 1/1.5 for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1 and (3) FDR < 0.05 for at least two separate comparisons.	WBPaper00050801:DAF-12_dauer_regulome
	Genes regulated by DAF-16, according to whole transcriptome profiling to compare genome-wide regulatory influences of DPY-21 and SET-4 to those of the key transcription factors controlling dauer arrest in eak-7;akt-1 animals, DAF-16 and DAF-12.	Authors identified genes differentially expressed between wild-type and eak-7;akt-1 double mutant animals [fold change >= 1.5 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Authors then compared the transcriptomes of eak-7;akt-1 double mutants to those of eak-7;akt-1 animals harboring mutations in dpy-21, set-4, daf-16, or daf-12, and identified genes that are differentially expressed in the opposite direction as in wild-type relative to eak-7;akt-1. Annotated gene expression data output from CuffDiff v2.2.1 was read into R version 3.2.1 for six comparisons: eak-7;akt-1 compared to (1) wild-type, (2) daf-16(mu86);eak-7;akt-1, (3) daf-12;eak-7;akt-1, (4) set-4(n4600);eak-7;akt-1, (5) set-4(dp268);eak-7;akt-1, and (6) dpy-21;eak-7;akt-1. Authors filtered genes by the following criteria: (1) status = OK for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1, (2) fold change (FC) >= 1.5 or FC <= 1/1.5 for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1 and (3) FDR < 0.05 for at least two separate comparisons.	WBPaper00050801:DAF-16_dauer_regulome
	Genes regulated by DPY-21, according to whole transcriptome profiling to compare genome-wide regulatory influences of DPY-21 and SET-4 to those of the key transcription factors controlling dauer arrest in eak-7;akt-1 animals, DAF-16 and DAF-12.	Authors identified genes differentially expressed between wild-type and eak-7;akt-1 double mutant animals [fold change >= 1.5 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Authors then compared the transcriptomes of eak-7;akt-1 double mutants to those of eak-7;akt-1 animals harboring mutations in dpy-21, set-4, daf-16, or daf-12, and identified genes that are differentially expressed in the opposite direction as in wild-type relative to eak-7;akt-1. Annotated gene expression data output from CuffDiff v2.2.1 was read into R version 3.2.1 for six comparisons: eak-7;akt-1 compared to (1) wild-type, (2) daf-16(mu86);eak-7;akt-1, (3) daf-12;eak-7;akt-1, (4) set-4(n4600);eak-7;akt-1, (5) set-4(dp268);eak-7;akt-1, and (6) dpy-21;eak-7;akt-1. Authors filtered genes by the following criteria: (1) status = OK for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1, (2) fold change (FC) >= 1.5 or FC <= 1/1.5 for wild-type vs. eak-7;akt-1 and (3) FDR < 0.05 for at least two separate comparisons.	WBPaper00050801:DPY-21_dauer_regulome
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in nhl-2(ok818) comparing to in N2 at 25C.	EdgeR, FDR < 0.05, fold change < 0.5.	WBPaper00055971:nhl-2(ok818)_25C_upregulated

10 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr2034018
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr7557
• Remark: Clone: pUL#JRH/AE2
• Pattern: Generalised expression from very early embryo to L1. Also expression in distal tip cells in larval stages through to adult. Some posterior intestine background.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1151099
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032373
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr8032
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 3a to c. Staining was not detected in homozygous y263 or gm41 mutant embryos, confirming the specificity of SEX-1 antibodies and the reduction of gene function in sex-1 mutants.
• Pattern: In wild-type animals, ubiquitous nuclear staining was observed from oogenesis through to midembryo genesis. SEX-1 expression peaked at the onset of gastrulation (at about the 28 to 100-cell stage), then gradually diminished, becoming undetectable by the end of embryonic cell proliferation (the 550-cell stage).
• Subcellular Localization: nuclear

• Primary Identifier: Expr1200128
• Pattern: Data from the TransgeneOme project

• Primary Identifier: Expr15144
• Pattern: sex-1 is expressed broadly in the hermaphrodite gonad, including pre-VU cells and AC.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2015785
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1016094
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr1581
• Remark: F44A6.2a = CNR14 in this article.
• Pattern: CNR14 showed greatest expression in embryos followed by somewhat less expression in adult and weakest expression in other stages.

29 GO Annotation

42 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00004786
• Start: 10201329
• End: 10205421
• Strand: -1

29 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 4093

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

5 Strains

• WBStrain00028733
• WBStrain00035136
• WBStrain00036806
• WBStrain00036740
• WBStrain00036791

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_10205422..10208378
• Length (nt): 2957
• Chromosome Location: X: 10205422-10208378
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans