WormMine

WS295

Intermine data mining platform for C. elegans and related nematodes

Gene :

WormBase Gene ID  ? WBGene00006598 Gene Name  tor-2
Sequence Name  ? Y37A1B.13 Brief Description  tor-2 encodes a AAA ATPase that, along with TOR-1 and OOC-5, comprise the three C. elegans orthologs of human torsinA; overexpression of TOR-2 in nematodes with polyglutamine repeat-induced protein aggregates indicates that TOR-2 can suppress protein aggregation, suggesting TOR-2 may play a role in regulation of protein folding; in wild-type animals, TOR-2 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum; in animals containing polyglutamine protein aggregates, TOR-2 localizes to these sites of protein aggregation.
Organism  Caenorhabditis elegans Automated Description  Predicted to enable ATP binding activity and ATP hydrolysis activity. Involved in cellular response to misfolded protein; negative regulation of gene expression; and regulation of neuron apoptotic process. Located in endoplasmic reticulum. Expressed in neurons. Used to study Parkinson's disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita-5 and torsion dystonia 1. Is an ortholog of human TOR1A (torsin family 1 member A) and TOR1B (torsin family 1 member B).
Biotype  SO:0001217 Genetic Position  IV :11.0084 ±0.008317
Length (nt)  ? 1506
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1 Organism

Name Taxon Id
Caenorhabditis elegans 6239

1 Synonyms

Value
WBGene00006598

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
Transcript:Y37A1B.13.1 Y37A1B.13.1 1262   IV: 13982636-13984141
 

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
CDS:Y37A1B.13 Y37A1B.13 933   IV: 13982684-13983371

5 RNAi Result

WormBase ID
WBRNAi00055849
WBRNAi00020200
WBRNAi00076763
WBRNAi00036777
WBRNAi00080637

37 Allele

Public Name
gk964078
gk963546
gk963547
gk964500
gk962765
gk964111
gk964110
gk962794
gk964531
gk823400
gk823401
gk890638
gk532243
gk338089
gk607128
gk442546
gk752121
gk780499
gk767643
gk720687
gk447044
gk821763
tm10594
tm697
h10651
WBVar01805754
WBVar01967878
gk956708
WBVar01731971
WBVar01796952

1 Chromosome

WormBase ID Organism Length (nt)
IV Caenorhabditis elegans 17493829  

1 Chromosome Location


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00006598 13982636 13984141 -1

4 Data Sets

Name URL
WormBaseAcedbConverter  
GO Annotation data set  
C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)  
Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions  

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrIV_13982628..13982635   8 IV: 13982628-13982635 Caenorhabditis elegans

82 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment Description Algorithm Primary Identifier
  Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle. DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed. WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
adult vs dauer larva Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C. N.A. WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:AVE-neuron_L1-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals. Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01. WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ogt-1(ok1474) neuronal cells isolated by FACs comparing to in FACs isolated neuronal cells from wild type. DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05. WBPaper00066485:ogt-1(ok1474)_upregulated_neuron
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by E.faecalis Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50. For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated. WBPaper00038438:E.faecalis_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
Fungi infection: Myzocytiopsis humicola Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression 12 hours after animals were infected by M. humicola. Differentially expressed genes as determined by Kallisto and Sleuth (pval<0.01, qval<0.1). WBPaper00060871:M.humicola-infection_12h_regulated
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade). For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade). For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_developing
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:coelomocytes_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:glr-1(+)-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:intestine_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:PVD-OLL-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-2(ok1479) comparing to in N2 animals. DESeq2 (version 1.28.1), FDR < 0.01, fold change > 2. WBPaper00062159:hda-2(ok1479)_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in whole animal day 1 N2 adults comparing to in whole animal day 8 N2 adults. DESeq2, FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2. WBPaper00066978:Day1Adult_vs_Day8Adult_upregulated_neuron
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370) comparing to in N2. Student's t-test, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05. WBPaper00055386:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated
Bacteria: B.thuringiensis Transcripts in elt-2(RNAi) animals that were significantly differentially expressed at least for one time point and one pathogenic strain Bt247 and Bt679 compared to the non pathogenic strain Bt407. Cuffdiff WBPaper00060358:B.thuringiensis_pathogen_regulated_elt-2(RNAi)
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:coelomocytes_L1-larva_expressed
  Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to nitroguanidine (NQ). Multivariate permutation tests with random variance model implemented in BRB-Array Tools version 4.5 were performed to infer differentially expressed genes (DEGs). One thousand random permutations were computed per chemical class (i.e., a group of 16 arrays or samples). The confidence level of false discovery rate assessment was set at 80%, and the maximum allowed portion of false-positive genes was 10%. WBPaper00055899:nitroguanidine_regulated
  Transcripts depleted in RIS neurons comparing to in all cells. edgeR 3.24.3, FDR < 0.01 WBPaper00058969:RIS_depleted
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L1-larva_expressed
Bacteria infection: Serratia marcescens Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by S.marcescens Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50. For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated. WBPaper00038438:S.marcescens_24hr_upregulated_RNAseq
20C vs 25C Transcripts that showed differential expression in 20C vs 25C in N2 animals at adult stage. N.A. WBPaper00050488:20C_vs_25C_regulated_N2_adult
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva stage Authors permuted transcript values and used a genome-wide threshold of log10 P-value = 2, which resembles a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.0129. WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_juvenile
  Genes from N2 animals with significantly increased expression after 72 hours of treatment on growth media with 10uM rapamycin in 2% DMSO. Analysis of gene expression data was carried out with the Affymetrix Transcriptome Analysis Console. Data preprocessing (using RMA normalization) and QC metrics were performed using Affymetrix Expression Console TM and manually inspected afterwards. Expression analysis was carried out for each two pairwise conditions. FDR statistical correction for multiple testing resulted in a slightly lower number of DEGs in most cases. P-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.0 were used to determine differentially expressed genes. WBPaper00048989:N2_rapamycin_upregulated
  Genes enriched in AMsh glia. Two different statistical methods were used for differential gene expression analysis, DESeq and voom. For DEseq analysis, DESeq2 was applied to normalize count matrix and to perform differential gene expression on the counts using negative binomial distribution; for voom analysis, edgeR was applied to normalize count matrix, and voom was applied for gene differentiation analysis. Significant genes from both analyses were combined. To identify transcripts enriched in AMsh glia compared to other cells (control AMsh versus control non-AMsh), authors used a fold change of 3.5 and an adjusted p value threshold of <0.05. WBPaper00049489:AMsh-glia_enriched
  Genes found to be regulated in N2 by resveratrol treatment with p < 0.01. N.A. WBPaper00026929:Resveratrol_regulated_N2

5 Expression Patterns

Remark Reporter Gene Primary Identifier Pattern Subcellular Localization
    Expr2035600 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
Reporter gene fusion type not specified.   Expr3237 Native tor-2 gene expression is limited to just a few cells, including vulva muscles, a single cholinergic pharyngeal neuron (M1), two sensory neurons (AW class) and two interneurons (AVE) in the head, and a few neurons toward the tail, including a pair of PVW neurons. Importantly for this study, tor-2 gene expression is unequivocally absent in DA neurons at any larval or adult stages.  
    Expr2017461 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr1159380 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015  
No GO_term assigned.   Expr2700   TOR-2 localize to the sites of polyglutamine-induced protein aggregation in a tight ring-like pattern completely surrounding the fluorescent protein aggregates.

17 GO Annotation

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  enables

22 Homologues

Type
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue

1 Locations


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00006598 13982636 13984141 -1

17 Ontology Annotations

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  enables

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

Length
1506

1 Sequence Ontology Term

Identifier Name Description
gene  

5 Strains

WormBase ID
WBStrain00035171
WBStrain00035176
WBStrain00035175
WBStrain00035174
WBStrain00035173

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrIV_13984142..13984201   60 IV: 13984142-13984201 Caenorhabditis elegans