WormMine: Gene WBGene00009385

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00009385
• Gene Name: sas-5
• Sequence Name: F35B12.5
• Brief Description: sas-5 encodes a coiled-coil protein whose activity is required, paternally, maternally, and in a dose-dependent manner, for daughter centriole formation; SAS-5 localizes to both the cytoplasm and to centrioles, and photobleaching experiments reveal rapid SAS-5 cycling between these two cellular components throughout the cell cycle; SAS-5 localization to centrioles depends upon the ZYG-1 kinase and the SAS-6 coiled-coil protein, two proteins also required for centriole duplication; in turn, SAS-5 activity is required for SAS-6 centriolar localization, as SAS-6 fails to localize properly in sas-5 mutant embryos; SAS-5 and SAS-6 physically interact.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Involved in centriole replication. Located in centriole and cytoplasm.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: V :3.21148 ±0.001438
• Length (nt): 1860

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00009385

Genomics

3 Transcripts

Class	WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
MRNA	Transcript:F35B12.5a.1	F35B12.5a.1	1378	V: 11610737-11612596
NcPrimaryTranscript	Transcript:F35B12.5b	F35B12.5b	1210	V: 11610779-11612475
MRNA	Transcript:F35B12.5c.1	F35B12.5c.1	867	V: 11611222-11612475

Other

2 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F35B12.5a	F35B12.5a	1215	V: 11610779-11610830
CDS:F35B12.5c	F35B12.5c	867	V: 11611222-11611402

34 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00066213
• WBRNAi00078397
• WBRNAi00063579
• WBRNAi00046274
• WBRNAi00099927
• WBRNAi00094176
• WBRNAi00066293
• WBRNAi00063576
• WBRNAi00078396
• WBRNAi00100785
• WBRNAi00101234
• WBRNAi00101272
• WBRNAi00101291
• WBRNAi00071570
• WBRNAi00099321
• WBRNAi00099523
• WBRNAi00099725
• WBRNAi00101253
• WBRNAi00101115
• WBRNAi00066156
• WBRNAi00000175
• WBRNAi00008747
• WBRNAi00025390
• WBRNAi00031744
• WBRNAi00100037
• WBRNAi00100411
• WBRNAi00100224
• WBRNAi00088805
• WBRNAi00100598
• WBRNAi00100972

42 Allele

• gk963271
• gk963301
• gk964458
• gk964459
• gk964451
• gk964452
• gk963618
• gk964054
• gk964055
• gk551782
• gk612610
• gk481155
• gk892938
• gk481626
• gk418360
• gk371262
• gk818865
• gk484614
• gk896899
• gk896900
• WBVar01866069
• WBVar01866070
• t2033
• t2079
• gk400
• gk247817
• gk247818
• gk247815
• gk247816
• mhs357

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: V
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 20924180

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00009385
• Start: 11610737
• End: 11612596
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrV_11612597..11613306
• Length (nt): 710
• Chromosome Location: V: 11612597-11613306
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

176 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 0_0 expressed in seam.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:0_0
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
Bacteria diet: Escherichia coli HB101. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria E. coli HB101 for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:HB101_downregulated
	Strictly maternal class (SM): genes that are the subset of maternal genes that are not also classified as embryonic.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_SM
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hsp-6(mg585) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage.	EdgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.001.	WBPaper00056290:hsp-6(mg585)_downregulated
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 21_1 with unidentified tissue expression pattern.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:21_1
Heat Shock: 35C 4 hours at L4 larva stage.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after L4 larva N2 animals were heat stressed at 35C for 4 hours	DESeq2	WBPaper00057154:HeatShock_downregulated_mRNA
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
25C vs. 20C	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 25C, comparing to in N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:25C_vs_20C_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 0hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:germline-precursors_blastula-embryo_expressed

9 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr1034111
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr1150165
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr9693
• Subcellular Localization: Immuno-EM for SAS-5 indicates that it localizes to the centriolar cylinders. The combination of light microscopy and EM analysis indicates that SAS-6, like SAS-4 and SAS-5, is a bona fide centriolar protein.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2015602
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1016438
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2033837
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1200220
• Pattern: Data from the TransgeneOme project

• Primary Identifier: Expr3402
• Subcellular Localization: SAS-5 antibodies predominantly recognized a small area in the centre of centrosomes and labelled the cytoplasm in a less pronounced manner. Both distributions are specific because they are diminished in sas-5(RNAi) embryos. Furthermore, an analogous distribution was observed in GFP-SAS-5 embryos using spinning-disc confocal microscopy. Analysis of fixed and live specimens also established that the intensity of the dot in the centre of centrosomes remains constant throughout the cell cycle. In addition to the size and location of the SAS-5 dot, the following observations indicate that the protein is a centriolar component: two dots became visible per centrosome during telophase, when mother and daughter centrioles split at the onset of the duplication cycle2, 13, 14; a dot of SAS-5 was observed in the vicinity of sperm-cell nuclei, where centrioles reside; conversely, although a dot of SAS-5 was present in germ cells during early oogenesis, it was no longer detected in mature oocytes, in which centrioles are absent; finally, GFP-SAS-5 was found to colocalize with SAS-4 in early embryos and sperm cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3663
• Subcellular Localization: Appears on centriole and spindle.

15 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00009385
• Start: 11610737
• End: 11612596
• Strand: 1

15 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 1860

1 Sequence Ontology Term