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mRNAs that showed decreased expression in 1 cell mebryo comparing to in oocyte, according to RNAseq analysis. |
Gaussian error propagation. As cutoff for the up-regulated genes authors used log2 fold change > 1 and P < 0.05 and as cutoff for the down-regulated genes authors used log2 fold change < -1 and P < 0.05. |
WBPaper00045420:fertilization_downregulated_transcript
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Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade). |
For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). |
WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
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Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hpl-2(tm1489) comparing to in N2 animals. |
DESeq2, adjusted p-value < 0.05, log2 fold change > 2 or < -2. |
WBPaper00054493:hpl-2(tm1489)_downregulated
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Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in pry-1(mu38) animals comparing to in N2 at L1 larva stage. |
DESeq, FDR < 0.05 |
WBPaper00055626:pry-1(mu38)_upregulated
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Genes significantly enriched in NSM neurons (isolated by FACS) versus the reference, according to tiling array analysis towards total RNA. |
A linear model and moderated t-statistic were used to determine differentially expressed genes as implemented by the limma package (v3.21.4). Enriched list contains only genes significantly enriched in the NSM neurons versus the reference <=1.5X and <= 5% FDR. |
WBPaper00045974:NSM_enriched_totalRNA_tiling
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Genes found to be regulated by low-copy overexpression of sir-2.1 with p < 0.014. |
N.A. |
WBPaper00026929:sir-2.1_overexpression_regulated
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Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:hypodermis_L1-larva_expressed
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Genome-wide analysis of developmental and sex-regulated gene expression profile. |
self-organizing map |
cgc4489_group_12
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Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference). |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:pharyngeal-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
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Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva stage |
Authors permuted transcript values and used a genome-wide threshold of log10 P-value = 2, which resembles a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.0129. |
WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_juvenile
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Genes enriched in AMsh glia. |
Two different statistical methods were used for differential gene expression analysis, DESeq and voom. For DEseq analysis, DESeq2 was applied to normalize count matrix and to perform differential gene expression on the counts using negative binomial distribution; for voom analysis, edgeR was applied to normalize count matrix, and voom was applied for gene differentiation analysis. Significant genes from both analyses were combined. To identify transcripts enriched in AMsh glia compared to other cells (control AMsh versus control non-AMsh), authors used a fold change of 3.5 and an adjusted p value threshold of <0.05. |
WBPaper00049489:AMsh-glia_enriched
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Genes that showed flat mRNA expression level throughout the 16 hour time courses from L3 larva to young adult. |
The following three lines of R code were used to perform the classification: increasing <-2*amplitude-PC1 < -1.7; oscillating <-!increasing & (amplitude > 0.55); flat <-!increasing & !oscillating; Note that the amplitude of a sinusoidal wave corresponds to only half the fold change between trough and peak. |
WBPaper00044736:flat_dev_expression
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Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 0hr reference). |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:BAG-neuron_blastula-embryo_expressed
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Down-regulated genes (fold change > 1.5) in two CoQ-deficient clk-1 mutant strains (e2519, qm30) compared to wild types N2. |
Fold-changes of intensities were calculated from the arithmetic mean of gene expression values between experimental and corresponding control group. Fold change >= 1.5 was used as cut-off. |
WBPaper00045774:clk-1_downregulated
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Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in eat-2(ad465) comparing to in N2. |
Student's t-test, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05. |
WBPaper00055386:eat-2(ad465)_upregulated
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Expression Pattern Group I, enriched for genes involved in transport. |
The significance (P 0.0001) of the relative age (time) was used to determine if a gene was differentially expressed between the three age (time) groups. The effect of this factor explaining gene expression differences was used to determine if the expression went up or down during the two age/time periods (t1 - t2 and t2 -t3). Authors used a permutation approach to determine the thresholds for the different mapping strategies. For each of the used models for eQTL mapping, authors used 23,000 permutations. For each permutation, authors randomly picked a spot; each spot could only be picked once. The gene expression and relative lifespan values were than randomly distributed over the RILs (and time points) and used for mapping. In this way, authors obtained a threshold for each of the explaining factors. For the single time points, authors used a FDR of 0.01 to adjust for multiple testing. The genome-wide threshold for this FDR is -log10 P = 3.8 for each of the three time points. For the combined models (t1 to t2 and t2 to t3), authors used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P = 4, which resembles an FDR of 0.006, 0.001, and 0.006 for marker, age, and the interaction between marker and age, respectively. To determine the threshold for the single gene examples, authors used 1000 permutations as in the genome-wide threshold. The difference is that they use the gene under study in all of the permutations. The P-values for the gene specific thresholds were determined at FDR = 0.05. |
WBPaper00036286:Pattern_I
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Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage. |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_embryo_enriched
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Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage. |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:hypodermis_embryo_enriched
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Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage. |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:germline-precursors_embryo_enriched
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male sex-enriched |
Comparisons were made between genotypes by subtracting the mean log value of one ratio from another, and the significance of the difference was evaluated using Student t-test for two populations. For the fem-3(gf) versus fem-1(lf) direct comparison, authors performed the same analysis, except they used a Students t-test for one population. Author chose a combination of a twofold difference with a t value exceeding 99% confidence (P < 0.01), because these criteria allowed the inclusion of essentially all genes that had previously been identified as germline-enriched in a wt/glp-4 hermaphrodite comparison. Additionally, requiring a twofold difference reduced false positives, as the number of genes with two-fold difference and a P<0.01 only included ~100 genes more than with P < 0.001, and almost all genes showed germline expression by in situ hybridization. |
[cgc6390]:male_sex-enriched
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The cluster contains genes that showed expression changes in the let-60(G12V) time course that were different than those in the wild-type time course. |
A mixed procedure analysis of variation (ANOVA) was used to identify genes with significantly different expression levels (P < 0.001). |
[cgc5376]:let-60(G12V)-regulated_genes
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Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage. |
A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. |
WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_embryo_enriched
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Up-Regulated genes under 0.5mg/l CPF+ 1 mg/l DZN treatment at 16 centigrade. |
The Rank Product package was used to identify the differentially expressed genes between controls and treatment in each experiment. Briefly, genes were ranked based on up- or downregulation by the treatment in each experiment. Then, for each gene a combined probability was calculated as a rank product (RP). The RP values were used to rank the genes based on how likely it was to observe them by chance at that particular position on the list of differentially expressed genes. The RP can be interpreted as a p-value. To determine significance levels, the RP method uses a permutation-based estimation procedure to transform the p-value into an e-value that addresses the multiple testing problem derived from testing many genes simultaneously. Genes with a percentage of false-positives (PFP) < 0.05 were considered differentially expressed between treatments and control in each experiment. This method has the advantage to identify genes with a response to the toxicants even when the absolute effect of the response was low. Because authors used sub-lethal concentrations of the toxicants, methods that use thresholds based on absolute fold change would not identify small changes in gene expression. Moreover, RP has proved to be a robust method for comparing microarray data from different sources and experiments. |
WBPaper00037113:CPF_DZN_16C_up-regulated
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