WormMine: Gene WBGene00003469

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003469
• Gene Name: msp-142
• Sequence Name: K05F1.2
• Brief Description: msp-142 encodes a protein that belongs to a family of proteins called the Major Sperm Proteins (MSPs) that is conserved in nematodes; this family consists of closely related, small, basic proteins that make up 15% of sperm protein; this multigene family consists of over fifty genes, including many pseudogenes; MSPs are involved in both extracellular signaling and cytoskeletal functions during reproduction-MSP antagonizes Eph/ephrin signaling, in part, by binding VAB-1 Eph receptor tyrosine kinase on oocytes and sheath cells to promote oocyte maturation and MAPK activation; MSPs assemble into fibrous networks that drive movement of the C. elegans sperm; msp genes are expressed only in late primary spermatocytes.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Expressed in gonad; oocyte; and sperm.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: II :-0.923359 ±0.001298
• Length (nt): 384

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003469

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:K05F1.2.1	K05F1.2.1	384	II: 5797927-5798310

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:K05F1.2	K05F1.2	384	II: 5797927-5798310

5 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00049989
• WBRNAi00059192
• WBRNAi00059194
• WBRNAi00021849
• WBRNAi00033989

14 Allele

• gk963801
• gk963053
• gk964349
• WBVar01437953
• WBVar01437954
• WBVar01719941
• WBVar01719940
• gk143658
• gk143657
• gk907841
• WBVar01783520
• gk143659
• WBVar01900620
• gk446042

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: II
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15279421

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003469
• Start: 5797927
• End: 5798310
• Strand: 1

2 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrII_5798311..5799315
• Length (nt): 1005
• Chromosome Location: II: 5798311-5799315
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

238 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	oocyte proteins identified by two or more unique peptides during proteomics study.	In the pooled data set, 1453 C. elegans proteins were identified with a probability >= 0.9 according to ProteinProphet, of which 1165 proteins were identified by more than one unique peptide.	WBPaper00038289:oocyte_protein
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:AVE-neuron_L1-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis	Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by E.faecalis Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:E.faecalis_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin-Allantoin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50mM Metformin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Metformin_upregulated
Heat shock: 35C for 1 hour.	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression immediately after 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite endu-2(tm4977) animals were exposed to 35C for 1 hour.	The DESeq2 (GalaxyVersion 2.11.40.6 + galaxy1) was used to determine differentiallyexpressed features from count tables of differential transcript abundances. log2FC > 1, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065749:Heat-Shock_upregulated_endu-2(tm4977)
Heat shock: 35C for 1 hour.	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression immediately after 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals were exposed to 35C for 1 hour.	The DESeq2 (GalaxyVersion 2.11.40.6 + galaxy1) was used to determine differentiallyexpressed features from count tables of differential transcript abundances. log2FC > 1, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065749:Heat-Shock_upregulated_N2
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Genes up regulated in alg-1(gk214) comparing to in N2.	Differential expression was assessed using an empirical Bayes statistics using the eBayes function.	WBPaper00040823:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in prx-5(RNAi) animals.	Fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00060911:prx-5(RNAi)_downregulated_mRNA
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after 24 hours of induction of human beta Amyloid at young adult stage	A 2-fold change in expression level and a false discovery rate analog of p < 0.05.	WBPaper00064130:Beta-Amyloid_24h_upregulated_mRNA
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in Y56A3A.22(cck200) and Y56A3A.22(cck201) animals comparing to wild type animals.	N.A.	WBPaper00061045:Y56A3A.22(cck200)_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals infected by bacteria BMB171/Cry5Ba, an acrystalliferous Bt mutant BMB171 transformed with toxin gene cry5Ba on the shuttle vector pHT304, comparing to N2 animals infected by BMB171/pHT304.	N.A.	WBPaper00064229:B.thuringiensis-Cry5Ba_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hsp-6(mg585) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage.	EdgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.001.	WBPaper00056290:hsp-6(mg585)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hrde-1(tm1200) animals, comparing to in N2, after growing at 25C for five generations (late generation).	CuffDiff2	WBPaper00051265:F4_hrde-1(tm1200)_upregulated
	mRNAs that showed increased expression in P-granule RNAi animales (simultaneously targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4) comparing to in control RNAi animals. Set 1 transcripts were defined as P-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	DESeq was used. Fold change between the average of the four control replicates and the average of the four test replicates was used to calculate the significance using a negative binomial distribution. An adjusted P-value was calculated using the Benjamini-Hochberg method for multiple testing correction.	WBPaper00046805:P-granule-RNAi_upregulated_Set1
	Genes that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370);hel-1(gk148684) comparing to in hel-1(gk148684)	To identify DEGs, Students t test and the log2 median ratio test were performed to compute t values and median ratios for all the annotated genes. The adjusted P values from each test were computed using an empirical distribution of the null hypothesis, which was obtained from random permutations of the samples. Finally, the adjusted P values from the individual tests were combined to compute the overall P values using Stouffers method , and genes with overall P < 0.05 and fold change > 1.5 were selected as DEGs.	WBPaper00047131:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated_hel-1(gk148684)-background
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals exposed to 0.1mM Paraquat from hatching to reaching adult stage.	DESeq2 version 1.22.2, p < 0.05	WBPaper00064716:paraquat_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370) comparing to in control animals.	NOIseq(v2.34.0), fold change > = 1.5, Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were defined as having a probability of differentialexpression > 95%.	WBPaper00064727:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated
	Significantly upregulated genes from clk-1(qm30) microarrays using SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1 from adult-only chips.	SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1.	WBPaper00033065:clk-1(qm30)_upregulated

5 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr3417
• Subcellular Localization: In mated females, extracellular MSP exhibits a graded distribution, with a sharp boundary between the -1 and -2 oocytes. Fluorescence intensity measurements indicate that MSP is localized in a graded manner from the spermatheca to the oocyte. Fluorescence intensity measurements also indicate that there is significant MSP staining over the -2 and -3 oocytes. To pinpoint the localization of MSP at the oocyte cell surface, a 3D confocal analysis of MSP localization was conducted a in mated females using the RME-2 yolk receptor to mark the oocyte plasma membrane and the early endosomal compartments. Three-dimensional image reconstructions of the data indicate that MSP localizes in three regions: (1) in superficial focal planes at the oocyte cell surface with RME-2 just beneath; (2) in the same plane as the RME-2 signal; and (3) within the oocyte beneath the plasma membrane. Using anti-MSP mAbTR-20 and visual inspection, 91% of mated female gonad arms exhibited extracellular MSP localization (n=36), with 39% showing extracellular MSP as far as the most proximal oocyte, and the rest exhibiting extracellular MSP only within the spermatheca. With confocal microscopy, extracellular MSP appeared both punctate and diffuse in the spermatheca, the gonad arm and the uterus. Analysis of 3D data stacks indicated that punctate extracellular MSP was enriched near spermatozoa on the spermathecal walls. The largest puncta were at the diffraction limit of the microscope (0.5 um) and were found nearby spermatozoa. In the proximal gonad arm, MSP was more diffuse and localized in focal plane slices near the oocyte surface. In the uterus, large MSP puncta was observed close to spermatozoa. Diffuse MSP was also observed in extracellular spaces surrounding embryos in the uterus. MSP puncta can be observed near spermatozoa in the uterus and spermatheca using wide-field microscopy, when these regions were less crowded with spermatozoa.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1153684
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2013770
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1022410
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2032006
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

0 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003469
• Start: 5797927
• End: 5798310
• Strand: 1

0 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 384

1 Sequence Ontology Term