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GO:0005737
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cytoplasm
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The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
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GO:0005575
|
cellular_component
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A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). |
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GO:0005622
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intracellular anatomical structure
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A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. |
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GO:0110165
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cellular anatomical structure
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A part of a cellular organism consisting of a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Note that cellular organisms exclude viruses. |
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GO:0043227
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membrane-bounded organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0043226
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organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0043229
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intracellular organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0043228
|
membraneless organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
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GO:0043232
|
intracellular membraneless organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
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GO:0005856
|
cytoskeleton
|
A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. |
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GO:0099080
|
supramolecular complex
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A cellular component that consists of an indeterminate number of proteins or macromolecular complexes, organized into a regular, higher-order structure such as a polymer, sheet, network or a fiber. |
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GO:0005874
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microtubule
|
Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. |
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GO:0099512
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supramolecular fiber
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A polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. |
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GO:0099513
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polymeric cytoskeletal fiber
|
A component of the cytoskeleton consisting of a homo or heteropolymeric fiber constructed from an indeterminate number of protein subunits. |
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GO:0099081
|
supramolecular polymer
|
A polymeric supramolecular structure. |
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GO:0120025
|
plasma membrane bounded cell projection
|
A prolongation or process extending from a cell and that is bounded by plasma membrane, e.g. a cilium, lamellipodium, or axon. |
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GO:0042995
|
cell projection
|
A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. |
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GO:0005929
|
cilium
|
A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. |
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GO:0005930
|
axoneme
|
The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements. |
|
GO:0099568
|
cytoplasmic region
|
Any (proper) part of the cytoplasm of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytoplasm. |
|
GO:0032838
|
plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm
|
All of the contents of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection. |
|
GO:0097014
|
ciliary plasm
|
All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium. |
