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GO:0032991
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protein-containing complex
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A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. |
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GO:0005575
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cellular_component
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A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). |
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GO:0005622
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intracellular anatomical structure
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A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. |
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GO:0110165
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cellular anatomical structure
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A part of a cellular organism consisting of a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Note that cellular organisms exclude viruses. |
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GO:0140513
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nuclear protein-containing complex
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A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together in the nucleus. |
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GO:0043227
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membrane-bounded organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0043226
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organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0005634
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nucleus
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A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
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GO:0043229
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intracellular organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0043231
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intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
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GO:0031974
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membrane-enclosed lumen
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The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen. |
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GO:0031981
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nuclear lumen
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The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane. |
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GO:0070013
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intracellular organelle lumen
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An organelle lumen that is part of an intracellular organelle. |
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GO:0043233
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organelle lumen
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The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen. |
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GO:0043228
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membraneless organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
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GO:0043232
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intracellular membraneless organelle
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Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. |
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GO:0005694
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chromosome
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A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. |
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GO:0000228
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nuclear chromosome
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A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. |
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GO:0032993
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protein-DNA complex
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A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. |
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GO:0005657
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replication fork
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The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. |
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GO:0043601
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nuclear replisome
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A multi-component enzymatic machine at the nuclear replication fork, which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins. |
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GO:0030894
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replisome
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A multi-component enzymatic machine at the replication fork which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins. |
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GO:0043596
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nuclear replication fork
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The Y-shaped region of a nuclear replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. |
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GO:0005662
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DNA replication factor A complex
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A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa. |
