WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0004993

• Definition: Posterior lateral interneuron, process projects into ring
• Name: SDQL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0004993
• Synonym: lineage name: QL.pap

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree QL.pap	QL.pap nucleus		WBbt:0002744

2 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 51_1 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:51_1
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 51_0 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:51_0

78 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Marker93
• Remark: Picture: N.A.
• Pattern: Marker for ALN, SDQ neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15442

• Primary Identifier: Expr15567

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr2937
• Pattern: Both ahr-1:GFP reporters are expressed during embryonic and larval development. Expression is first detected in two cells 260 min after the first cleavage. By midembryogenesis (pre-comma stage), 14 cells express the pJ360 ahr-1:GFP fusion gene. At the 2-fold stage of embryogenesis, two cells express ahr-1:GFP in the tail, and the remaining fluorescing cells are in the forming head. During the first larval stage. ahr-1:GFP is expressed in 28 neurons, several blast cells, and two phasmid socket cells. The neurons that express ahr-1:GFP include ALNR/ALNL, AQR/PQR, AVM/PVM, BDUR/BDUL, PLMR/PLML, PLNR/PLNL, PHCL/PHCR, PVWL/PVWR, RMEL/RMER, SDQR/SDQL, and URXR/URXL. The T.pa, T.ppa, and T.ppp blast cells in the tail express ahr-1:GFP, as do all of their descendents, including the PHso1 and PHso2 phasmid socket cells. ahr-1:GFP is also expressed in the MI and I3 neurons in the pharynx and the G2 and W blast cells. Four additional cells in the head express ahr-1:GFP, tentatively identified as the ASK and RIP neurons.
• Subcellular Localization: The pJ360 construct includes the entire ahr-1 genomic sequence, and transgenic animals express this fusion protein in a subset of neuronal nuclei. The pHT102 transgene lacks most of the ahr-1 coding sequence and labels axons as well as nuclei.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr13158

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr14590
• Pattern: Embryonic expression of exc-7 was first observed at the bean stage. By reverse lineaging with use of SIMI-Biocell software, we confirm the identity of one of the expressing cells at this stage as the excretory canal cell. In L1 animals, broad expression in the head, ventral nerve cord (VNC), and tail was observed. In young adults, expression is notably observed in vulva cells. In the nervous system specifically, expression is observed in many neurons throughout the body, but unlike Drosophila Elav, exc-7::gfp it is not panneuronally expressed. We confirmed previously reported expression in cholinergic VNC MNs, but absence of GABAergic VNC MNs, consistent with previous reports (Fujita et al., 1999; Loria et al., 2003) and consistent with exc-7 functioning in cholinergic, but not GABAergic neurons to control alternative splicing (Norris et al., 2014). exc-7::gfp is also expressed in some non-neuronal cell types, including muscle and hypodermis, but not in the gut. A previous report showed that exc-7 is only transiently and weakly expressed in the excretory cell, which, based on exc-7's excretory mutant phenotype, has puzzled researchers (Fujita et al., 2003). We find that the gfp tagged exc-7 locus is strongly and continuously expressed in the excretory canal cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr8613
• Remark: Picture: Fig 4A to D.
• Pattern: lgc-55::mCherry and lgc-55::GFP transgenic animals showed reporter expression in a subset of neck muscles and a restricted set of neurons.These neurons aare AVB, RMD, SMDD, SMDV, IL1D, IL1V, SDQ, HSN, and ALN neurons. In addition, weak lgc-55 reporter expression was also detected in the UV1 cells and tail muscle cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr10808
• Pattern: ACR-2::GFP showed mostly diffused localization on neuronal soma, as well as processes in the ventral cord, sublateral cords, and nerve ring. In the ventral cord, expression of ACR-2::GFP was specifically observed in the VA, VB, DA, and DB motor neurons as reported previously (Jospin et al., 2009). Several additional cells (e.g., SDQ, vulva muscles) also expressed ACR-2::GFP, presumably because of the use of a longer promoter and inclusion of intronic sequences. However, staining of ACR-2::GFP was not seen in the dorsal nerve cord. Because the axonal processes of DA and DB motor neurons are major constituents of the dorsal nerve cord, lack of ACR-2::GFP signals in the dorsal nerve cord indicates that ACR-2 is unlikely to localize to presynaptic sites of these motor neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11075
• Pattern: Despite the broad neuronal expression of both ceh-43 and ast-1, they uniquely overlap in dopaminergic neurons plus one additional pair of nondopaminergic neurons in the head and one additional neuron in the midbody region. Coexpression of ast-1, ceh-43, and ceh-20 was detected in SDQL.

• Primary Identifier: Expr733
• Remark: This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).
• Pattern: Staining is seen in a set of 47 nuclei in fixed newly hatched first larval stage (L1). All stained cells are neurons. Hermaphrodite express in cells. RIH, RIR, PVR, IL2L/R, URYVL/R, RIPL/R, AIZL/R, FLPL/R, ADAL/R, RMGL/R, BPUL/R, PLML/R, ALML/R, ALNL/R, HSNL/R, URBL/R, NSML/R, URADL/R, IL2DL/R, I2L/R, IL2VL/R, URAVL/R, URXL/R, AIML/R, URYDL/R, PQR, PVM, SDQL/R, PVDL/R, PHCL/R, PLNL/R. Male cells express as in hermaphrodite except for HSNL/R which die, and show expression in CEMDL/R, CEMVL/R which die in hermaphrodites. Expression pattern is first determined in the Q lineage. Once expression has been initiated in a cell, it is maintained by that cell and all of its descendants in all cases except for SDQ.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9214
• Pattern: NCK-1B isoform was expressed exclusively in the vulva cells of the developing vulva, pharynx, intestine, distal tip cells (DTCs), gonad arms and spermatheca. In embryos, NCK-1B-GFP is expressed in the intestine, nervous system, epidermal cells and pharynx. In adult animals, NCK-1B-GFP is expressed in the nerve ring, amphid neurons, ventral nerve cord (VNC) and dorsal nerve cord (DNC), SDQ neurons, mechanosensory neurons (PVM and AVM), as well as in the CAN and HSN neurons. NCK-1B is also expressed in non-neuronal cells. NCK-1B is expressed in vulB1, vulB2, vulA, vulF and vulD cells, as well as in the leading edge (arrows) of the migrating vulva cells. In addition, NCK-1B is expressed in the spermathecal-uterine junction (sujn).
• Subcellular Localization: The NCK-1B isoform was localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. The nuclear localization appeared to be strong.

• Primary Identifier: Expr7866
• Remark: Picture: Figure 5A to 5E.
• Pattern: This UNC-36::GFP reporter was expressed in most neurons and virtually all muscle tissue (consistently in body wall and vulval muscle, and sometimes in the pharyngeal muscle). Expression of the UNC-36 reporter was observed in mechanosensory neurons, as well as a number of additional unidentified neurons in the head and tail. GFP expression was observed in ALM, AVM, BDU, and SDQR. Also identified in the tail neurons PVQ, PVC, DVC, and DVA. PLM, ALN, and PHB were probable, but not certain. In the head GFP was expressed in ASE, AVA, SIBDL, RMDVL, ASK, and a number of unidentified neurons. Expression was also observed in PVM and SDQL.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8675
• Remark: Picture: N.A.
• Pattern: Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pm5, MC. Weak or rare expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm1, pm2, pm3, pm4 pm6, pm7, pm8, g1, g2, rectal gland cells. Expression in the nervous system: ADE, AIY, ALM, ALN, AVA, AVK, AVM, BDU, CAN, DAn, DVA, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, LUA, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVM, PVP, PVQ, PVT, PVW, RID, RIS, SDQ, URB, MC. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in HSN. Faint hypodermal expression of inx-7 is seen around two-fold stage and becomes stronger by threefold stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr320
• Remark: Neuronal gene expression pattern from collation by Shawn Lockery of neuron-specific promotors posted 20/04/98 (http://chinook.uoregon.edu). Since cell AS is listed under 'body' in the pattern, it presumably means the AS.1-11 ventral cord neurons rather than the AS amphid neurons.[sdm-curator]
• Pattern: head: IL2 URA URB SAA SAB SIA SIB SMB SMD RMD AIY, sev more; phar: M1 M2 M5 I1f I6f, others; body: VA VB VC DA DB AS SDQ HSNf; tail: ALN PLN others [J. Duerr (personal communication to Shawn Lockery)], antibody

• Primary Identifier: Expr2707
• Reporter Gene: [ser-2::gfp] transcriptional fusion constructs. Ser-2 reporter constructs were generated by using a PCR fusion protocol, using pPD95.75 as a template for green fluorescent protein (gfp). For all gfp fusion primers listed, gfp vector sequence is indicated in lowercase, and gene-specific sequence is indicated in uppercase. [ser-2::gfp] translational fusion. A translational fusion of the whole ser-2 locus to gfp was created by using an in vivo recombination technique. Specifically, two overlapping PCR fragments, one containing the 5' part of a locus, the other containing the remainder of the locus PCR-fused to gfp, were coinjected into the worm. Recombination of these two fragments via the homologous region leads to the expression of a full-length ser-2::gfp fusion.
• Pattern: Expression using the upstream regulatory regions of exon 1bc (ser-2prom2::gfp) is mostly restricted to the AIYL/R, AIZL/R, RID, DVA, BDUL/R, SIADL/R, and SIAVL/R interneurons. Less consistent expression is observed in PVT. In addition, expression is observed in the RMEL/R motor neurons. Outside the nervous system, expression can be observed in the excretory gland cells. No more transcriptional regulatory information is contained within intronic regions by generating a fusion of gfp to the full coding genomic ser-2 locus using an in vivo recombination technique([ser-2::gfp] translational fusion. Transgenic animals expressing such a construct show an expression pattern similar to the one observed with the ser-2prom1::gfp construct. The upstream regulatory region of the third splice form, containing exon 1d(ser-2prom3::gfp), drives expression exclusively in two sensory neuron classes, OLL(L/R) and PVD(L/R). ser-2prom1::gfp is expressed in the AIY interneuron class and a set of unidentified neurons. These neurons were identified as head and tail interneuron classes, namely AVHL/R, AUAL/R, AIYL/R, RICL/R, SABVL/R, RID, RIAL/R, SABD, SDQ, CANL/R, DA9, LUAL/R, ALNL/R, and PVCL/R. In addition to its expression in neurons, ser-2prom1::gfp is also expressed in pharyngeal cells (NSM neurons and pm1/6 muscles) and in head muscles. In males, expression can be observed in posterior dorsal and ventral body wall muscles, the male-specific diagonal muscles, and several posterior neurons likely to be CP neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2267
• Remark: Since these gfp fusions lack the introns and the 3' untranslated region, they might be lacking potential regulatory sequences. In that case, the gfp expression patterns may not precisely represent those of the endogenous kin-8 gene. cam-1 is called kin-8 in this article.
• Pattern: Expressed in chemosensory neurons in amphid: ASH. Other sensory neurons: ADE, FLP. Touch receptor neurons: AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM. Amphid interneurons: AIY, AIZ. Other interneurons: RIC, RMG, RIS, DVA, AVA, AVE, PVC, AVK, PVQ. Interneurons?: ALN, BDU, SDQ. Ring motor/inter neurons: RMD, RMDV. Ring motor neurons: RMED, RMEV Five neurons out of the following six, RIV, AVH, AVB, AVJ, AVD, AIN. About seven neurons in retrovesicular ganglion. Pharyngeal muscles in procorpus and isthmus. M4 and several pharyngeal neurons. A part of intestine and a few body wall muscles near the head (weak). Distal tip cells (sometimes and weak). A few ventral motor neurons and seam cells (rarely and weak). The expression patterns did not appear to change through the larva to adult stages. Embryonic expression was also observed.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15570

0 Life Stages

3 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
post-embryonic cell of pedigree QL.pa	QL.pa		WBbt:0007277
Neuron class of two interneurons with laterally located cell bodies.	SDQ		WBbt:0006844
posterior lateral ganglion, left side.	posterior lateral left ganglion		WBbt:0005464