WormMine: Gene WBGene00001690

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00001690
• Gene Name: grd-1
• Sequence Name: R08B4.1
• Brief Description: grd-1 encodes a hedgehog-like protein, with (from N- to C-terminus) asignal sequence, a Ground domain, an extended region of low-complexitysequence, and a Hint/Hog domain; GRD-1 is expressed in rectal cells; theHint/Hog domain is predicted to cut GRD-1 into two halves and thencovalently link cholesterol to the C-terminus of the Ground domain; theGround domain is predicted to form a cysteine-crosslinked proteininvolved in intercellular signalling, and it has subtle similarity tothe N-terminal Hedge domain of HEDGEHOG proteins; GRD-1 is weaklyrequired for normal molting; GRD-1 is also required for normal growth tofull size, cuticle adhesion, and male tail development; all of theserequirements may reflect common defects in cholesterol-dependenthedgehog-like signalling or in vesicle trafficking.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Acts upstream of or within nematode male tail mating organ morphogenesis. Predicted to be located in extracellular matrix.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: X :2.85852 ±0.000413
• Length (nt): 6448

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00001690

Genomics

2 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:R08B4.1.2	R08B4.1.2	3723	X: 11109440-11115841
Transcript:R08B4.1.1	R08B4.1.1	3817	X: 11109440-11115887

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:R08B4.1	R08B4.1	3414	X: 11109626-11109764

5 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00051525
• WBRNAi00076990
• WBRNAi00017576
• WBRNAi00077015
• WBRNAi00111006

93 Allele

• gk964260
• gk964029
• gk962707
• gk964028
• gk963810
• WBVar01928285
• WBVar01759400
• WBVar01759402
• WBVar01759401
• WBVar01759403
• WBVar01759399
• WBVar01690255
• WBVar01690257
• WBVar01690256
• WBVar01690258
• WBVar01602174
• tm730
• gk293450
• gk595402
• gk293449
• gk595401
• gk293448
• gk293447
• gk293446
• WBVar00067455
• gk293445
• gk293458
• gk293457
• gk293456
• WBVar00067460

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: X
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17718942

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001690
• Start: 11109440
• End: 11115887
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_11115888..11116106
• Length (nt): 219
• Chromosome Location: X: 11115888-11116106
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

227 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ogt-1(ok1474) neuronal cells isolated by FACs comparing to in FACs isolated neuronal cells from wild type.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066485:ogt-1(ok1474)_upregulated_neuron
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_upregulated
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when no food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_NoFood
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis	Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by E.faecalis Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:E.faecalis_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
	Genes that are significantly up regulated in tdp-1(ok803) poly(A) RNA-seq verses in N2.	DESeq v1.14, with cut-off p-value < 0.05 and FDR < 0.1.	WBPaper00046012:tdp-1(ok803)_upregulated
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in atfs-1(cmh15) (null allele) animals comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	edgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00060909:atfs-1(cmh15)_downregulated
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in rrf-3(pk1426) comparing to in N2 at embryo stage.	DESeq2v 1.18.1, fold change > 1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00056169:rrf-3(pk1426)_upregulated_embryo
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after 24 hours of induction of human beta Amyloid at young adult stage	A 2-fold change in expression level and a false discovery rate analog of p < 0.05.	WBPaper00064130:Beta-Amyloid_24h_upregulated_mRNA
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals infected by bacteria BMB171/Cry5Ba, an acrystalliferous Bt mutant BMB171 transformed with toxin gene cry5Ba on the shuttle vector pHT304, comparing to N2 animals infected by BMB171/pHT304.	N.A.	WBPaper00064229:B.thuringiensis-Cry5Ba_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after four-day-old young adult worms were placed on NGM plates seeded with OP50 in the presence 5% Agaro-oligosaccharides(AGO) for 24 h, comparing to animals grown in the absence of AGO.	Fold change > 2.	WBPaper00064306:Agaro-oligosaccharides_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed signifcantly increased expression in ubr-5(miy31) injected with empty vector comparing to in N2 animals injected with empty vector at L1 larva stage and collected at L4 larva stage.	FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2	WBPaper00067368:ubr-5(miy31)_upregulated_N2
Bacteria infection: Staphylococcus aureus	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in animals experimentally colonised by a wild microbiota community and infected by the widespread animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, comparing to animals not colonized by microbiota and not infected by pathogen.	DeSeq2 (v. 1.42.0), Wald analyses testing against a null hypothesis of < |1.5|-fold change in gene expression between treatments (BenjaminiHochberg adjusted false detection rate of p <= 0.05.	WBPaper00067479:Microbiota-Pathogen_vs_control_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Staphylococcus aureus	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in animals experimentally colonised by a wild microbiota community and infected by the widespread animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, comparing to animals colonized by microbiota but not infected by pathogen.	DeSeq2 (v. 1.42.0), Wald analyses testing against a null hypothesis of < |1.5|-fold change in gene expression between treatments (BenjaminiHochberg adjusted false detection rate of p <= 0.05.	WBPaper00067479:Microbiota-Pathogen_vs_Microbiota_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Staphylococcus aureus	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in animals experimentally colonised by a wild microbiota community and infected by the widespread animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, comparing to animals not colonized by microbiota but infected by pathogen.	DeSeq2 (v. 1.42.0), Wald analyses testing against a null hypothesis of < |1.5|-fold change in gene expression between treatments (BenjaminiHochberg adjusted false detection rate of p <= 0.05.	WBPaper00067479:Microbiota-Pathogen_vs_Pathogen_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 day 4 adults comparing to in N2 day 1 adult animals according to Illumina RNASeq.	DESeq fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067499:Day4_vs_Day1_downregulated_Illumina
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 day 5 adults comparing to in N2 day 1 adult animals according to Illumina RNASeq.	DESeq fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067499:Day5_vs_Day1_downregulated_Illumina
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 day 7 adults comparing to in N2 day 1 adult animals according to Illumina RNASeq.	DESeq fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067499:Day7_vs_Day1_downregulated_Illumina
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 day 10 adults comparing to in N2 day 1 adult animals according to Illumina RNASeq.	DESeq fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067499:Day10_vs_Day1_downregulated_Illumina
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 day 15 adults comparing to in N2 day 1 adult animals according to Illumina RNASeq.	DESeq fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00067499:Day15_vs_Day1_downregulated_Illumina
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Transcripts depleted in purified oocyte P bodies comparing to in the whole animal.	DESeq2, FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065975:P-body_vs_WholeAnimal_depleted

7 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4417
• Pattern: No expression detected.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031009
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr633
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified. This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).
• Pattern: Two different grd-1 constructs, an amino-terminal grd-1M::gfp and a grd-1C::gfp-lacZ reporter construct are expressed in the rectal cells of larvae to adult, possibly rectal epithelial cells. grd-1M::gfp is expressed the rectal epithelium cells rect D, rect VL, and rect VR.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1155201
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr1026738
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2030467
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2012231
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

3 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001690
• Start: 11109440
• End: 11115887
• Strand: 1

3 Ontology Annotations

2 Regulates Expr Cluster

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in animals fed with grd-1 RNAi from hatch til L3.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066317:grd-1(RNAi)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals fed with grd-1 RNAi from hatch til L3.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066317:grd-1(RNAi)_upregulated

1 Sequence

• Length: 6448

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

1 Strains

• WBStrain00035810

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_11109341..11109439
• Length (nt): 99
• Chromosome Location: X: 11109341-11109439
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans