WormMine: Gene WBGene00003430

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003430
• Gene Name: msp-32
• Sequence Name: R05F9.3
• Brief Description: msp-32 encodes a protein that belongs to a family of proteins called the Major Sperm Proteins (MSPs) that is conserved in nematodes; msp-32 has a C. briggsae homolog as predicted by the Wobble Aware Bulk Aligner (WABA); the msp family consists of closely related, small, basic proteins that make up 15% of sperm protein; this multigene family consists of over fifty genes, including many pseudogenes; MSPs are involved in both extracellular signaling and cytoskeletal functions during reproduction-MSP antagonizes Eph/ephrin signaling, in part, by binding VAB-1 Eph receptor tyrosine kinase on oocytes and sheath cells to promote oocyte maturation and MAPK activation; MSPs assemble into fibrous networks that drive movement of the C. elegans sperm; msp genes are expressed only in late primary spermatocytes; msp-32 expression is upregulated in animals containing a mutation in C01G5.6, which encodes the C. elegans Ddi1/Vsm1 homolog and is required for normal synaptogenesis.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to be located in cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; and pseudopodium. Expressed in gonad; oocyte; and sperm.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: II :-2.93824 ±0.003799
• Length (nt): 360

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003430

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:R05F9.3.1	R05F9.3.1	360	II: 4898829-4899188

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:R05F9.3	R05F9.3	360	II: 4898829-4899188

11 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00051319
• WBRNAi00012956
• WBRNAi00017457
• WBRNAi00017460
• WBRNAi00115460
• WBRNAi00115527
• WBRNAi00024082
• WBRNAi00023795
• WBRNAi00103473
• WBRNAi00023284
• WBRNAi00023549

21 Allele

• gk963801
• gk963053
• WBVar02122918
• WBVar02123188
• gk444423
• WBVar01783259
• gk850488
• gk141807
• gk425651
• gk683828
• gk141804
• gk141803
• gk141806
• gk141805
• WBVar01239582
• WBVar01538149
• WBVar01538148
• WBVar01505020
• WBVar01505021
• WBVar01505018
• WBVar01505019

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: II
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15279421

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003430
• Start: 4898829
• End: 4899188
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrII_4899189..4899864
• Length (nt): 676
• Chromosome Location: II: 4899189-4899864
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

89 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	oocyte proteins identified by two or more unique peptides during proteomics study.	In the pooled data set, 1453 C. elegans proteins were identified with a probability >= 0.9 according to ProteinProphet, of which 1165 proteins were identified by more than one unique peptide.	WBPaper00038289:oocyte_protein
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis	Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by E.faecalis Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:E.faecalis_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
	Genes up regulated in alg-1(gk214) comparing to in N2.	Differential expression was assessed using an empirical Bayes statistics using the eBayes function.	WBPaper00040823:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
Bacteria infection: Photorhabdus luminescens	Genes down-regulated in animals infected with Photorhabdus luminescens compared to the E. coli OP50 control after 24h of infection.	MAANOVA and BRB-Array-Tools.	WBPaper00030985:Photorhabdus_luminescens_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals infected by bacteria BMB171/Cry5Ba, an acrystalliferous Bt mutant BMB171 transformed with toxin gene cry5Ba on the shuttle vector pHT304, comparing to N2 animals infected by BMB171/pHT304.	N.A.	WBPaper00064229:B.thuringiensis-Cry5Ba_upregulated
	Significantly upregulated genes from clk-1(qm30) microarrays using SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1 from adult-only chips.	SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1.	WBPaper00033065:clk-1(qm30)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370) comparing to in N2.	Student's t-test, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00055386:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in pqm-1(ok485) animals after exposure to 5mM CoCl2 for 6hours, comparing to in N2 animals with the same exposure to CoCl2.	Significant differentially-expressed gene sets were identified using one or two-class SAM.	WBPaper00060399:pqm-1(ok485)_upregulated_CoCl2_6hr
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(+), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(+)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(-), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(-)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in pgl-1(ct131) animals (isolated from SS0002[pgl-1(ct131)him-3(e1147)], comparing to in control animals SS1174, at 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_pgl-1(ct131)_vs_control_day1-adult
	Genes found to be regulated by low-copy overexpression of sir-2.1 with p < 0.014.	N.A.	WBPaper00026929:sir-2.1_overexpression_regulated
Bacteria infection: Serratia marcescens	Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by S.marcescens Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:S.marcescens_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
	Genes expressed in N2.	Expressed transcripts were identified on the basis of a Present call in 3 out of 4 N2 experiments as determined by Affymetrix MAS 5.0.	WBPaper00025141:N2_Expressed_Genes
	Genes upregulated by > 2-fold in CY262(sqt-1(sc13) age-1(mg44); bvIs1) adults, which intestinally express age-1, relative to wildtype.	> 2-fold-change, p-value <= 0.05, t-test.	WBPaper00038237:age-1_upregulated_intestine_rescue
	Genes upregulated by > 2-fold in CY251(sqt-1(sc13) age-1(mg44); bvIs2) adults, which neuronally express age-1, relative to wildtype.	> 2-fold-change, p-value <= 0.05, t-test.	WBPaper00038237:age-1_upregulated_neuron_rescue
	Genes upregulated by > 2-fold in SP75 (sqt-1(sc13) age-1(mg44)/mnC1) adults relative to wildtype.	> 2-fold-change, p-value <= 0.05, t-test.	WBPaper00038237:age-1_upregulated_nontransgenic
20C vs 25C	Transcripts that showed differential expression in 20C vs 25C in mir-34(gk437) animals at adult stage.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:20C_vs_25C_regulated_mir-34(gk437)_adult
20C vs 25C	Transcripts that showed differential expression in 20C vs 25C in N2 animals at adult stage.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:20C_vs_25C_regulated_N2_adult
	Genome-wide analysis of developmental and sex-regulated gene expression profile.	self-organizing map	cgc4489_group_11
Treatment with 0.2mM of HuminFeed until young adult stage (3 days).	Gene significantly up-regulated by treatment with 0.2mM of HuminFeed until young adult stage (3 days), with a minimum fold change in gene expression of 1.25.	For selection of DEGs, an unpaired t -test was performed followed by a significance analysis of microarray (SAM) test including a calculation that estimates the false discovery rate (FDR). FDR, reducing on the one hand type I errors for null associations, was set to a non-stringent level of <12.5%, mainly to guard from an increase of type II error and also based on findings by Levine et al. (2011), which described 12.5% as most acceptable optimum level of FDR, representing the 90th percentile of the normal distribution curve. DEGs exceeding a fold change of 1.25 were further analyzed with respect to their functional clustering. This fold-cut-off was chosen to allow an interpretation that is biologically meaningful, akin to the notion that data of sound technical and experimental quality which returns strong, statistically significant, absolute signal intensities is sufficiently robust to justify a fold-cut-off of >1.2. This analysis was conducted using the functional annotation clustering tool of the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID; Huang et al., 2007).	WBPaper00041002:HF_3d_0.2mM_Up
Bacteria diet: Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690	Differentially expressed genes between C.elegans fed with L.rhamnosus strain CNCM I-3690 and control strain E.coli OP50 after 3 days of feeding.	Differential expression was assayed via limma. Genes were considered differentially expressed when the multiple testing adjusted P-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00041906:I-3690_vs_OP50_3d
	Genes regulated by spr-5 (greater than 2-fold change between spr-5(by101) generations 1, 13, and 26).	Significantly differentially regulated genes were selected by using a 2-fold ifference along with intensity values > 1000.	WBPaper00033101:spr-5_regulated
	Proteins that showed significantly increased expression in iff-1(RNAi) animals comparing to CF512 (fer-15(b26)II;fem-1(hc17)IV) animals applied with control vector at 15C.	Two-tailed Student's t-test (n=3, P-value <0.05 was considered significant).	WBPaper00057288:iff-1(RNAi)_upregulated_protein
	Genes that showed significant differential expressed between control and 20 mg\/L Cadmium treatment.	t-test, p < 0.05.	WBPaper00036123:Cadmium_regulated
	Genes with expression 1.5X depleted in PVD and OLL neurons.	Data sets were normalized by RMA and transcripts showing relative PVD enrichment (>=1.5X) vs. the reference sample were identified by SAM analysis (False Discovery Rate, FDR < 1%)	WBPaper00036375:depleted_in_PVD_OLL
	Genes found to be regulated in daf-16(mgDf50) by resveratrol treatment with p < 0.01.	N.A.	WBPaper00026929:Resveratrol_regulated_daf-16
	Transcripts that showed differential expression in dauer N2 vs dauer mir-34(gk437) animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:N2_vs_mir-34(gk437)_regulated_dauer_20C
	Genes down-regulated after 24 hour exposure to colistin.	Gene lists were created using a cutoff P-value of < 0.05, 2-fold change.	WBPaper00045673:colistin_downregulated

5 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr3417
• Subcellular Localization: In mated females, extracellular MSP exhibits a graded distribution, with a sharp boundary between the -1 and -2 oocytes. Fluorescence intensity measurements indicate that MSP is localized in a graded manner from the spermatheca to the oocyte. Fluorescence intensity measurements also indicate that there is significant MSP staining over the -2 and -3 oocytes. To pinpoint the localization of MSP at the oocyte cell surface, a 3D confocal analysis of MSP localization was conducted a in mated females using the RME-2 yolk receptor to mark the oocyte plasma membrane and the early endosomal compartments. Three-dimensional image reconstructions of the data indicate that MSP localizes in three regions: (1) in superficial focal planes at the oocyte cell surface with RME-2 just beneath; (2) in the same plane as the RME-2 signal; and (3) within the oocyte beneath the plasma membrane. Using anti-MSP mAbTR-20 and visual inspection, 91% of mated female gonad arms exhibited extracellular MSP localization (n=36), with 39% showing extracellular MSP as far as the most proximal oocyte, and the rest exhibiting extracellular MSP only within the spermatheca. With confocal microscopy, extracellular MSP appeared both punctate and diffuse in the spermatheca, the gonad arm and the uterus. Analysis of 3D data stacks indicated that punctate extracellular MSP was enriched near spermatozoa on the spermathecal walls. The largest puncta were at the diffraction limit of the microscope (0.5 um) and were found nearby spermatozoa. In the proximal gonad arm, MSP was more diffuse and localized in focal plane slices near the oocyte surface. In the uterus, large MSP puncta was observed close to spermatozoa. Diffuse MSP was also observed in extracellular spaces surrounding embryos in the uterus. MSP puncta can be observed near spermatozoa in the uterus and spermatheca using wide-field microscopy, when these regions were less crowded with spermatozoa.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2013773
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1155007
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2032010
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1014283
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

5 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003430
• Start: 4898829
• End: 4899188
• Strand: 1

5 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 360

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

0 Strains

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrII_4898359..4898828
• Length (nt): 470
• Chromosome Location: II: 4898359-4898828
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans