WormMine: Gene WBGene00006318

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00006318
• Gene Name: sup-9
• Sequence Name: F34D6.3
• Brief Description: sup-9 encodes one of 44 C. elegans TWK (two-P domain K+) potassium channel subunits that contain two pore-forming domains and four transmembrane domains; sup-9 was originally defined by gain-of-function mutations that result in defects in pharyngeal, body-wall, egg-laying, and enteric muscle activation; loss of sup-9 function via reversion or RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) does not result in any abnormalities suggesting that SUP-9 may function redundantly with other TWK channels; SUP-9 is expressed in neurons and muscle.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable outward rectifier potassium channel activity and potassium ion leak channel activity. Involved in regulation of muscle contraction. Located in muscle cell projection membrane and striated muscle dense body. Expressed in body wall musculature; muscle cell; and neurons. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Birk-Barel syndrome and primary pulmonary hypertension. Is an ortholog of human KCNK3 (potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 3) and KCNK9 (potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 9).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: II :-12.1433 ±0.015949
• Length (nt): 2359

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00006318

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F34D6.3.1	F34D6.3.1	1120	II: 2684669-2687027

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F34D6.3	F34D6.3	990	II: 2684749-2684871

6 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00046256
• WBRNAi00014271
• WBRNAi00027786
• WBRNAi00070646
• WBRNAi00103324
• WBRNAi00070647

210 Allele

• gk964317
• gk963801
• r165
• WBVar01695040
• gk136638
• WBVar01718719
• WBVar01718718
• WBVar01825432
• WBVar01764987
• WBVar01764986
• e2661
• e2655
• tm5717
• n1330
• WBVar02080780
• WBVar02080779
• WBVar02080778
• n625
• n634
• WBVar01898487
• n636
• n1421
• n1424
• n1426
• gk677253
• n1414
• n659
• gk856754
• gk796924
• gk793701

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: II
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15279421

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006318
• Start: 2684669
• End: 2687027
• Strand: -1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrII_2684309..2684668
• Length (nt): 360
• Chromosome Location: II: 2684309-2684668
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

118 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_upregulated
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin-Allantoin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50mM Metformin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Metformin_upregulated
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals exposed to 0.1mM Paraquat from hatching to reaching adult stage.	DESeq2 version 1.22.2, p < 0.05	WBPaper00064716:paraquat_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Genes with increased RNA expression after 24 hours rotenone treatment	EdgeR provides statistical routines for determining differential expression in digital gene expression data using a model based on the negative binomial distribution. The resulting p-values were adjusted using the Benjamini and Hochbergs approach for controlling the false discovery rate (FDR). Transcripts with an adjusted p-value smaller 0.05 were assigned as differentially expressed.	WBPaper00044426:rotenone_24h_upregulated
Reduced humidity (98% relative humidity).	Genes that were down-regulated after one day exposure to reduced humidity (98% relative humidity) according to microarray analysis.	Multiple hypothesis testing with the Benjamini-Hochberg correction was applied on calculated p-values. A change in the expression level was considered to be significant if the adjusted p-value was less than 0.001.	WBPaper00044578:reduced-humidity_downregulated_microarray
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals with germline-specific inx-14(RNAi) comparing to in aniamls fed with control vector, both exposed to PA14 infection.	DESeq2. Differentially-expressed genes (DEG) were identified based on two criteria: FDR (False discovery rateusing Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-values) < 0.01 and absolute value of log2(Fold Change) > 1.	WBPaper00066146:germline-inx-14(RNAi)_upregulated_PA14
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-1(ne4752[3xFLAG-Degron-HDA-1]) in gonads dissected from 1-day old adult animals.	Salmon was used to map the mRNA-seq reads with the worm database WS268, and its output files were imported to DESeq2 in R. The differentially expressed genes were filtered by fold change more than 2 and adjusted p-value < 0.05. The scatter plots were generated by the plot function in R.	WBPaper00061479:hda-1(ne4752)_upregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:GABAergic-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in wdr-23(mac32) embryos from parents fed with E. coliHB101, comparing to N2 embryos parents fed with E. coli HB101.	DESeq2, Fold Change > 2 or < 0.5.	WBPaper00059566:wdr-23(mac32)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ilc-17.1(syb5296) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066594:ilc-17.1(syb5296)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-2(ok1479) comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (version 1.28.1), FDR < 0.01, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00062159:hda-2(ok1479)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in npr-15(tm12539) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066608:npr-15(tm12539)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in srbc-48(ac23);kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts) comparing to in kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts), 24h after infection with P.aeruginosa.	DESeq2, FDR <0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00059664:srbc-48(ac23)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(+), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(+)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(-), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(-)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly increased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_enriched_coding-RNA

10 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr2035269
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1378
• Remark: This gene is called n2P38 in the article.
• Pattern: Neurons and muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032552
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr1150142
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2772
• Remark: When expressed in a sup-9(lf);unc-93(gf) mutant, the sup-9::gfp reporter could restore the rubberband Unc phenotype caused by an unc-93(gf) allele, indicating that this reporter fusion protein is functional.
• Pattern: The body-wall muscle staining became apparent at the 3.5-fold stage of embryogenesis, was most apparent in late embryos and L1 stage larvae, and persisted to adulthood. The vulval muscles, predominantly the four Vm1 cells, and the intestinal muscles also displayed GFP fluorescence. Weaker fluorescence was observed in the anal depressor and anal sphincter muscles. GFP expression was also observed in 1215 head neurons in each animal, including in the SIADL, SIADR, SIAVL, and SIAVR neurons. The body-wall muscle staining became apparent at the 3.5-fold stage of embryogenesis, was most apparent in late embryos and L1 stage larvae, and persisted to adulthood. The vulval muscles, predominantly the four Vm1 cells, and the intestinal muscles also displayed GFP fluorescence. Weaker fluorescence was observed in the anal depressor and anal sphincter muscles. GFP expression was also observed in head neurons in each animal, including in the SIADL, SIADR, SIAVL, and SIAVR neurons.
• Subcellular Localization: SUP-9::GFP expression was observed along the surface of body-wall muscle cells, with a punctate stripe pattern characteristic of dense bodies, structures functionally analogous to vertebrate Z-lines, which connect the myofibril lattice to the cell membrane. Additional staining was observed in muscle arms, which project from the muscle body toward neurons to form synapses.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2777
• Subcellular Localization: Although both SUP-9 and PAT-3::GFP were localized to dense bodies, their distribution patterns were only partially superimposable. Unlike PAT-3::GFP, SUP-9 was present in the spaces between adjacent dense bodies, weakly diffused throughout the muscle membrane, and primarily excluded from the M-lines.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1010241
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2017133
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2776
• Subcellular Localization: SUP-9 and SUP-10::GFP showed identical localization patterns in double-label experiments using animals carrying SUP-9 and SUP-10::GFP transgenes.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2775
• Subcellular Localization: Double-label whole-mount stainings of fixed worms with anti-SUP-9 and anti-GFP sera revealed identical muscle membrane distributions of SUP-9 and UNC-93::GFP. These proteins colocalized both to the dense bodies and more diffusely throughout the cell surface. Some muscle cells contained brightly staining clusters of SUP-9 protein, which may represent mislocalized protein resulting from overexpression. UNC-93::GFP was colocalized with SUP-9 in these clusters.

17 GO Annotation

12 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006318
• Start: 2684669
• End: 2687027
• Strand: -1

17 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 2359

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

11 Strains

• WBStrain00026713
• WBStrain00027076
• WBStrain00027085
• WBStrain00027217
• WBStrain00027240
• WBStrain00027241
• WBStrain00027261
• WBStrain00027102
• WBStrain00035157
• WBStrain00035156
• WBStrain00004436

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrII_2687028..2687624
• Length (nt): 597
• Chromosome Location: II: 2687028-2687624
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans