WormMine: Gene WBGene00006819

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00006819
• Gene Name: unc-87
• Sequence Name: F08B6.4
• Brief Description: unc-87 encodes, through alternative splicing, two proteins that are required to maintain the structure of myofilaments in body wall muscle cells; UNC-87 proteins resemble the C-terminal repeat region of calponin but have no obvious orthologs outside of nematodes; in vitro, UNC-87 proteins exist as monomers in solution, associate with thin (F-actin) filaments but not with monomeric G-actin, and bundle F-actin filaments; in vivo, UNC-87 proteins reside in the I-band of bodywall muscle, and GFP-tagged UNC-87 associates with actin stress fibers; unc-87 mutants show degeneration of myofilaments, are profoundly immobile, and have noticeable defects in egg-laying; the unc-87 mutant phenotype is partially suppressed by the unc-54(s95) mutation, which lowers myosin activity but leaves myofilaments intact, indicating that UNC-87 prevents damage by mechanical stress on myofilaments.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables actin filament binding activity; cytoskeletal motor inhibitor activity; and myosin binding activity. Involved in actin cytoskeleton organization and negative regulation of muscle filament sliding. Located in I band; stress fiber; and striated muscle thin filament. Part of actomyosin, myosin complex part. Expressed in several structures, including non-striated muscle; pharynx; spermatheca; ventral ganglion; and vulva.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: I :1.31315 ±0.000496
• Length (nt): 6577

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00006819

Genomics

2 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F08B6.4a.1	F08B6.4a.1	2324	I: 6761221-6765690
Transcript:F08B6.4b.1	F08B6.4b.1	1454	I: 6761445-6767797

Other

2 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F08B6.4a	F08B6.4a	1698	I: 6761767-6761874
CDS:F08B6.4b	F08B6.4b	1125	I: 6761767-6761874

16 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00089760
• WBRNAi00043973
• WBRNAi00043976
• WBRNAi00066748
• WBRNAi00025029
• WBRNAi00025030
• WBRNAi00027637
• WBRNAi00003341
• WBRNAi00003343
• WBRNAi00087680
• WBRNAi00106927
• WBRNAi00085120
• WBRNAi00066562
• WBRNAi00089952
• WBRNAi00090112
• WBRNAi00090270

67 Allele

• gk962858
• gk962706
• gk963902
• WBVar01431969
• st39
• WBVar01655177
• e1216
• e843
• e1458
• e1459
• otn18653
• gk113631
• gk113632
• gk113633
• gk113634
• gk113629
• gk113630
• gk113635
• gk113636
• gk113637
• gk954633
• gk113638
• tm10951
• WBVar00537344
• WBVar01835976
• gk960645
• gk442870
• gk865806
• gk361349
• gk501388

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: I
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15072434

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006819
• Start: 6761221
• End: 6767797
• Strand: -1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

229 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_upregulated
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Exposure for 16 hours.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 after animals were exposed to E. faecalis OG1RF for 16 hours comparing to exposure to E. Coli OP50.	Cuffcompare and Cuffdiff	WBPaper00056090:E.faecalis_downregulated_N2
	Proteins interacting with NHR-49-GFP according to co-IP and LC-MS.	N.A.	WBPaper00064071:NHR-49_interacting
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression at 5-days-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites comparing to 1-day-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:Day5_vs_Day1_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression at 11-days-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites comparing to 1-day-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:Day11_vs_Day1_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
mitochondrial sulfide delivery molecule (mtH2S) AP39	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals treated with mitochondrial sulfide delivery molecule (mtH2S) AP39 starting from 1-day-post L4 until 11 days post L4.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:mtH2S-AP39-D0-treatment_upregulated_Day11
	Genes up regulated in alg-1(gk214) comparing to in N2.	Differential expression was assessed using an empirical Bayes statistics using the eBayes function.	WBPaper00040823:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated
	Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_aging
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	Authors permuted transcript values and used a genome-wide threshold of log10 P-value = 2, which resembles a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.0118.	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_reproductive
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after 24 hours of induction of human beta Amyloid at young adult stage	A 2-fold change in expression level and a false discovery rate analog of p < 0.05.	WBPaper00064130:Beta-Amyloid_24h_upregulated_mRNA
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. 16 hours of exposure after L4 larva stage at 25C.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals fed by E. faecalis strain OG1RF for 16 hours after L4 larva stage at 25C.	DESeq2, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00061081:E.faecalis_downregulated_N2
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in N2 animals infected by bacteria BMB171/Cry5Ba, an acrystalliferous Bt mutant BMB171 transformed with toxin gene cry5Ba on the shuttle vector pHT304, comparing to N2 animals infected by BMB171/pHT304.	N.A.	WBPaper00064229:B.thuringiensis-Cry5Ba_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated

11 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4808
• Remark: Picture: Figure 5.
• Subcellular Localization: Detailed immunolocalization studies revealed a preferential localization of UNC-87 to the center of the I-band region, whereas it was found to be absent from the distal edges of the thin filaments. Double staining of UNC-87 and actin showed a similar striated localization patterns for both proteins with no detectable signal at the dense bodies in the center of the striations. However, the band of UNC-87 was slightly narrower than that of actin, indicating that UNC-87 is absent from the distal portions of the thin filaments (near the pointed ends of the actin filaments). By contrast, CeTM has been shown previously to localize to the distal portion of the thin filaments, and, double staining of CeTM and UNC-87 indeed identified CeTM at the istal portion and UNC-87 at the central portion of the actin bands, albeit with some overlap. UNC-60B localized to the center of the actin bands between dense bodies, together with UNC-87. However, with the exception of this partial overlap, UNC-87 and UNC-60B mostly localized to different regions of the thin filaments.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4809
• Remark: Picture: Figure 8. Staining was greatly reduced in unc-87(e843).
• Pattern: The antibody react with body wall muscle, pharyngeal muscle, anal depressor and sphincter muscle, intestinal muscles, vulval muscles and uterine muscles. In all cases, UNC-87 was contained withing the pattern observed with phalloidin or anti-actin antibodies, suggesting colocalization with thin filaments..
• Subcellular Localization: Immunohistochemical staining of wild type adult body wall muscle revealed a atriated pattern. The striations are interupted periodically along their length by unstained regions. Double labelling experiments showed that anti-UNC-87 staining pattern corresponded with that of the monoclonal antibody MH44. This pattern represent the I band. At the center of the I band are the dense bodies, these correspond to the unstained regions within the striations.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12512
• Pattern: unc-87A expression. The 2-kb upstream sequence from exon 1A (Punc-87A::GFP), which is entirely downstream of exon 1B, promoted expression of GFP in the pharynx, anal depressor muscle, uterine muscle, vulva, and unidentified neurons in the head and the ventral region.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2036052
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032884
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr16527
• Pattern: UNC-87 and CLIK-1 are segregated into different subdomains in sarcomeric actin filaments in the body wall muscle. In immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-UNC-87 antibody, UNC-87 co-localized with actin in sarcomeres. In our immunofluorescent staining for actin using anti-actin monoclonal or polyclonal antibody, a portion of sarcomeric actin near the pointed ends are not stained well as reported previously (S. Ono et al., 2022). Therefore, closely matched patterns of UNC-87 and actin in immunostaining indicated that UNC-87 was also absent from the edges of sarcomeric actin where the pointed ends of actin filaments were concentrated. In contrast to UNC-87, CLIK-1::GFP was concentrated in sharp lines at the edges of phalloidin-stained sarcomeric actin filaments. A similar localization pattern of CLIK-1::GFP was also observed in live worms without fixation, and its concentration to the edges of sarcomeric actin bands was confirmed by comparing with the pattern of mCherry::LifeAct, indicating that the localization of CLIK-1::GFP was not an artifact of fixation. Furthermore, CLIK-1::GFP was not colocalized with ATN-1 α-actinin, which is concentrated at the dense bodies near the barbed ends of actin filaments, suggesting that CLIK-1::GFP localized near the pointed ends of actin filaments. These results demonstrate that the two calponin-related proteins, CLIK-1 and UNC-87, are segregated within sarcomeric actin filaments in C. elegans striated muscle. Since CLIK-1::GFP was localized near the pointed ends of sarcomeric actin filaments, the location of CLIK-1::GFP was compared with that of UNC-94 tropomodulin that localizes to the pointed ends of sarcomeric actin filaments in the C. elegans body wall muscle (Stevenson et al., 2007; Yamashiro et al., 2008). Comparison of the locations of CLIK-1::GFP and UNC-94 indicated that an overlap between these two proteins was minimum, suggesting that CLIK-1 is enriched near the pointed ends of sarcomeric actin filaments but not extended to the pointed ends.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12513
• Pattern: unc-87B expression. The 2-kb upstream sequence from exon 1B (Punc-87B::GFP) promoted expression of GFP in the body wall muscle, spermatheca, and vulva. Because the hermaphroditic gonads were obscured by strong GFP signals in the body wall muscle, expression of GFP was further analyzed in dissected gonads by immunofluorescence staining for GFP and MYO-3, a myosin heavy chain expressed in the myoepithelial sheath (Ardizzi and Epstein, 1987). The results showed predominant expression of GFP both in the myoepithelial sheath (MYO-3 positive) and the spermatheca (MYO-3 negative).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2017916
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1015918
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr1147950
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2746
• Remark: Type: mammalian cell transfection. UNC-87 cDNA was cloned into the pEGFP C1 vector to generate a mutant protein fused to GFP at its amino terminus. Various cell lines were transfected with this construct, and the cellular localization was determined by fluorescence microscopy.
• Subcellular Localization: In REF 52 fibroblasts UNC-87 localized to the actin stress fibers, and the ectopic expression of the UNC-87 protein caused a significant increase in stress fiber bundling. Moreover, stress fiber formation was significantly enhanced in the mouse melanoma cell line B16F1.

21 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006819
• Start: 6761221
• End: 6767797
• Strand: -1

21 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 6577

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

7 Strains

• WBStrain00027141
• WBStrain00033504
• WBStrain00033505
• WBStrain00006264
• WBStrain00004336
• WBStrain00006225
• WBStrain00004273

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrI_6767798..6768384
• Length (nt): 587
• Chromosome Location: I: 6767798-6768384
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans