WormMine

WS295

Intermine data mining platform for C. elegans and related nematodes

Gene :

WormBase Gene ID  ? WBGene00015943 Gene Name  tiar-1
Sequence Name  ? C18A3.5 Organism  Caenorhabditis elegans
Automated Description  Predicted to enable mRNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including determination of adult lifespan; nematode larval development; and response to UV. Located in P granule; cytoplasmic stress granule; and nucleus. Expressed in several structures, including germ line; hypodermis; mechanosensory neurons; somatic cell; and tail. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 26. Is an ortholog of human TIA1 (TIA1 cytotoxic granule associated RNA binding protein) and TIAL1 (TIA1 cytotoxic granule associated RNA binding protein like 1). Biotype  SO:0001217
Genetic Position  II :-0.964172 ±0.002386 Length (nt)  ? 2486
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1 Organism

Name Taxon Id
Caenorhabditis elegans 6239

1 Synonyms

Value
WBGene00015943

Genomics

3 Transcripts

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
Transcript:C18A3.5c.1 C18A3.5c.1 1811   II: 5712338-5714823
Transcript:C18A3.5a.1 C18A3.5a.1 1734   II: 5712351-5714823
Transcript:C18A3.5b.1 C18A3.5b.1 1149   II: 5712840-5714823
 

Other

3 CDSs

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
CDS:C18A3.5a C18A3.5a 1227   II: 5712840-5713124
CDS:C18A3.5c C18A3.5c 312   II: 5714150-5714157
CDS:C18A3.5b C18A3.5b 1131   II: 5712840-5713124

18 RNAi Result

WormBase ID
WBRNAi00073935
WBRNAi00073936
WBRNAi00073937
WBRNAi00073938
WBRNAi00073939
WBRNAi00073940
WBRNAi00073941
WBRNAi00000926
WBRNAi00072349
WBRNAi00040884
WBRNAi00040885
WBRNAi00010961
WBRNAi00076149
WBRNAi00112356
WBRNAi00029047
WBRNAi00007938
WBRNAi00112352
WBRNAi00098566

39 Allele

Public Name
gk963801
gk963053
gk964349
gk963838
tm361
gk143483
gk143485
gk143484
gk143486
gk143488
gk143487
gk143490
gk143489
WBVar01626540
tm11801
WBVar02002704
WBVar00223892
WBVar01306224
gk510612
gk817317
gk694161
gk419710
gk795820
gk380627
gk935479
gk880160
gk666995
gk394599
gk317417
gk489559

1 Chromosome

WormBase ID Organism Length (nt)
II Caenorhabditis elegans 15279421  

1 Chromosome Location


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00015943 5712338 5714823 -1

4 Data Sets

Name URL
WormBaseAcedbConverter  
GO Annotation data set  
C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)  
Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions  

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

139 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment Description Algorithm Primary Identifier
  Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons. DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1. WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C. N.A. WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
  Proteins interacting with NHR-49-GFP according to co-IP and LC-MS. N.A. WBPaper00064071:NHR-49_interacting
  Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at old adults stage (214 hours at 24 centigrade). For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_aging
  Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
  Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade). For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR). WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_developing
  Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates. A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing. [cgc5767]:expression_class_M
  Significantly differentially expressed genes as determined by microarray analysis of wild-type and cde-1 mutant germlines. RNAs that changed at least 2-fold with a probability of p < 0.05 were considered differentially regulated between wildtype and cde-1. WBPaper00035269:cde-1_regulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage. DESeq WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C. CuffDiff, fold change > 2. WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in oocyte germline cells comparing to in mitosis germline cells. Log2 Fold change > 2 or <-1, p-value < 0.05. WBPaper00053599:oocyte_vs_mitosis_upregulated
  Transcripts detected in body muscle nuclei according to a nuclear FACS-based strategy. Cufflinks WBPaper00065120:body-muscle-transcriptome
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:excretory-cell_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:GABAergic-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:hypodermis_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:PVD-OLL-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Transcripts detected in germline isolated from day-1 adult hermaphrodite animals. All three experiments have CPM >= 1. WBPaper00067147:germline_expressed
  Genes that were not enriched in either spermatogenic fem-3(q96gf) nor oogenic fog-2(q71) gonads, according to RNAseq analysis. To identify differentially expressed transcripts, authors used R/Bioconductor package DESeq. WBPaper00045521:Gender_Neutral
  Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in the neurons of bcat-1(RNAi) animals at 5-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage, comparing to animals injected with empty vector. DESeq2. FDR < 0.05. WBPaper00060459:bcat-1(RNAi)_downregulated
  Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in nhl-2(ok818) comparing to in N2 at 25C. EdgeR, FDR < 0.05, fold change < 0.5. WBPaper00055971:nhl-2(ok818)_25C_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Exposure for 16 hours. Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hpx-2(dg047) after animals were exposed to E. faecalis OG1RF for 16 hours comparing to exposure to E. Coli OP50. Cuffcompare and Cuffdiff WBPaper00056090:E.faecalis_downregulated_hpx-2(dg047)
  Genes expressed in N2. Expressed transcripts were identified on the basis of a Present call in 3 out of 4 N2 experiments as determined by Affymetrix MAS 5.0. WBPaper00025141:N2_Expressed_Genes

15 Expression Patterns

Remark Reporter Gene Primary Identifier Pattern Subcellular Localization
Strain: BC10900 [C18A3.5a::gfp] transcriptional fusion. PCR products were amplified using primer A: 5' [TTCTCGTTCATAATGCTGCG] 3' and primer B 5' [TGAAGAAGGAGATGGCTTAAATG] 3'. Expr5298 Adult Expression: pharynx; Nervous System; head neurons; Larval Expression: pharynx; intestine; Nervous System; head neurons; tail neurons;  
Strain: BC12707 [C18A3.5a::gfp] transcriptional fusion. PCR products were amplified using primer A: 5' [TTCTCGTTCATAATGCTGCG] 3' and primer B 5' [TGAAGAAGGAGATGGCTTAAATG] 3'. Expr5299 Adult Expression: pharynx; body wall muscle; unidentified cells in head; unidentified cells in tail ; Larval Expression: pharynx; body wall muscle; unidentified cells in head; unidentified cells in tail ;  
    Expr2035534 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr11172 TIAR-1 is expressed ubiquitously in the cytoplasm of the soma as well as the germline, where it sometimes associates with P granules.Whole-mount immunostaining revealed that TIAR-1 had a diffuse pattern of expression in the cytoplasm of several tissues. In dissected wild-type hermaphrodite gonads, TIAR-1 was observed in the cytoplasm. TIAR-1 expression appears lower in the most proximal oocytes. In male gonads, TIAR-1 was expressed in the cytoplasm of all germ cells except mature sperm. During embryogenesis, TIAR-1 was observed in all blastomeres and its levels seemed to increase at later stages relative to early stages. In late stages of embryogenesis, TIAR-1 was again observed in germ cell perinuclear granules.Because TIAR-1 is not always associated with P granules using immunostainings and/or in transgenic animals, the authors suggest that its association with these structures might be transient or sensitive to certain conditions or manipulations.  
    Expr11173 Expression driven by a construct that carried 300 bp of the predicted tiar-1 promoter, gfp, 1227 bp of the tiar-1 ORF and 485 bp of the downstream 3'UTR (PStiar-1gfp::tiar-1): This construct was expressed in the soma in a pattern similar to that observed for the native protein by immunostaining (Expr11172), but it was not expressed in the germline, possibly because of natural transgene silencing in this tissue (Kelly et al., 1997). It is also possible that the construct was lacking a DNA region required for germline expression. Therefore the authors generated a second construct carrying 1997 bp of the tiar-1 promoter, 1966 bp of the tiar-1 genomic sequence, gfp and 1500 bp of the tiar-1 3'UTR (PLtiar-1tiar-1::gfp). PLtiar-1TIAR-1::GFP expression was similar to the expression of the native protein as measured by antibody staining in soma and germline (Expr11172), and also to the expression of the previous transgene. PLtiar-1TIAR-1::GFP associated with perinuclear granules. PLtiar-1TIAR-1::GFP co-localized with the P granules marker PGL-1.Occasionally, nuclear expression of PLtiar-1TIAR-1::GFP was observed in some embryos. Similar to what the authors observed using TIAR-1 antibody in inmunostainings, PLtiar-1TIAR-1::GFP expression appears reduced in the most proximal oocytes (-1 and -2 oocytes). This lower expression of TIAR-1 transgene continues through early embryogenesis. Because TIAR-1 is not always associated with P granules using immunostainings and/or in transgenic animals, the authors suggest that its association with these structures might be transient or sensitive to certain conditions or manipulations.  
    Expr12732 TIAR-1::GFP is broadly expressed in both the soma and the germline, localizing to the cytoplasm and nuclei. In addition, TIAR-1::GFP localized to perinuclear foci that resemble P granules, consistent with previous findings (WBPaper00044006: Expr11172, Expr11173).  
    Expr9915 TIA-1::GFP was homogenously distributed in the cytoplasm during embryogenesis. At larval stage, strong diffuse TIA-1::GFP signals were observed in seam cells and hypodermal cells. TIA-1::GFP formed distinct bodies, especially in seam cells and hypodermal cells, under stress conditions.  
    Expr1021418 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012  
    Expr11900 The promoter of tiar-1 is expressed in most, if not all, cells. Expression of GFP fusions could not be detected in germline due to silencing of transgenes in this tissue but previous studies have shown the expression of TIAR-1 in germ granules. The gfp::tiar-1 N-terminal fusion gene, driven by its own promoter, displays a diffused fluorescent signal dispersed in both nucleus and cytoplasm.
    Expr2017395 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr1036818 Tiling arrays expression graphs  
Original chronogram file: chronogram.75.xml [C18A3.5:gfp] transcriptional fusion. Chronogram1840    
    Expr14848 A knockin reporter for TIAR-1 (TIAR-1-GFP[tn1545]) is expressed in mechanosensory neurons.  
    Expr1144931 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015  
Original chronogram file: chronogram.20.xml [C18A3.5:gfp] transcriptional fusion. Chronogram953    

30 GO Annotation

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  enables
  enables
  enables
  enables

1 Homologues

Type
least diverged orthologue

1 Locations


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00015943 5712338 5714823 -1

30 Ontology Annotations

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  enables
  enables
  enables
  enables

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

Length
2486

1 Sequence Ontology Term

Identifier Name Description
gene  

4 Strains

WormBase ID
WBStrain00002273
WBStrain00005719
WBStrain00001558
WBStrain00005716

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrII_5714824..5714923   100 II: 5714824-5714923 Caenorhabditis elegans