WormMine: Gene WBGene00001961

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00001961
• Gene Name: hlh-17
• Sequence Name: F38C2.2
• Brief Description: hlh-17 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that is most closely related to Drosophila and vertebrate Olig proteins; in C. elegans, HLH-17 is essential for larval development, egg-laying, and chemotaxis to potassium and sodium ions; an hlh-17::gfp promoter fusion is expressed in the cephalic sheath (CEPsh) glia at all developmental stages and some ventral nerve cord motorneurons; weak hlh-17::gfp reporter expression is also seen in developing embryos; HLH-17 expression in CEPsh glia is under the control of the VAB-3 and MLS-2 homeodomain proteins, as well as HLH-17 itself.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity and E-box binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of dopaminergic synaptic transmission and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Expressed in CEPshDL; CEPshDR; CEPshVL; CEPshVR; and ventral cord neurons. Is an ortholog of human BHLHE22 (basic helix-loop-helix family member e22) and BHLHE23 (basic helix-loop-helix family member e23).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: IV :14.6216 ±0.001273
• Length (nt): 1511

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00001961

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F38C2.2.1	F38C2.2.1	543	IV: 16254764-16256274

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F38C2.2	F38C2.2	306	IV: 16254871-16254941

4 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00046700
• WBRNAi00061128
• WBRNAi00061129
• WBRNAi00061130

58 Allele

• gk964078
• gk964500
• gk962765
• gk963378
• gk963590
• gk963377
• gk963795
• gk963704
• gk962529
• gk963948
• gk963888
• tm277
• WBVar02121228
• WBVar02124365
• WBVar02124123
• WBVar02124028
• tm2850
• ok487
• ns204
• WBVar01821810
• WBVar01658784
• WBVar01658785
• gk221297
• gk221298
• gk221299
• gk221300
• WBVar02000353
• WBVar02054235
• WBVar01798773
• WBVar01798772

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: IV
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17493829

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001961
• Start: 16254764
• End: 16256274
• Strand: 1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrIV_16256275..16256295
• Length (nt): 21
• Chromosome Location: IV: 16256275-16256295
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

50 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Neuronally enriched transcripts according to a comparison of neuronal nuclei IP samples to total nuclei using isolation of nuclei from tagged specific cell types (INTACT) technology.	DESEQ2, fold change > 2 and FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00062103:neuron_enriched
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ogt-1(ok1474) neuronal cells isolated by FACs comparing to in FACs isolated neuronal cells from wild type.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066485:ogt-1(ok1474)_upregulated_neuron
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin-Allantoin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_upregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in rbr-2(tm3141) comparing to in N2 animals.	Mapped reads were analyzed for transcript assembly and differential expression using Cufflinks 2.1.1 with a filter of twofold difference and FDR correction (P < 0.05).	WBPaper00050080:rbr-2(tm3141)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_downregulated
Bacteria: B.thuringiensis	Transcripts in elt-2(RNAi) animals that were significantly differentially expressed at least for one time point and one pathogenic strain Bt247 and Bt679 compared to the non pathogenic strain Bt407.	Cuffdiff	WBPaper00060358:B.thuringiensis_pathogen_regulated_elt-2(RNAi)
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:AVA-neuron_L1-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed differential expression in dauer mir-34(gk437) vs dauer mir-34(OverExpression) animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:mir-34(gk437)_vs_mir-34(OverExpression)_regulated_dauer_20C
	Significantly upregulated genes from cyc-1(RNAi) microarrays using SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1 from adult-only chips.	SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1.	WBPaper00033065:cyc-1(RNAi)_upregulated
	Transcripts enriched in CEPsh according to single cell RNAseq.	Genes that pass the Bonferroni threshold for multiple comparisons (q < 0.05) are significantly enriched.	WBPaper00061651:CEPsh_enriched
	Genes expressed in embryonic motor neurons (identified by unc-4::GFP expressing cells).	Genes called Present by MAS 5.0 in 2 out of 3 unc-4::GFP hybridizations.	WBPaper00025141:unc-4::GFP_Expressed_Genes
moderate static magnetic field	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after exposure to moderate static magnetic field.	N.A.	WBPaper00064509:static-magnetic-field_downregulated
	Larval Pan-neural Enriched Genes.	A two-class unpaired analysis of the data was performed to identify genes that differ by >= 1.5-fold from the reference at a FDR of <1% for the larval pan-neural, embryonic pan-neural, and larval A-class motor neuron datasets.	WBPaper00030839:Larval_Pan_Neuronal
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in mex-1(or286) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	RPKM fold change > 2.	WBPaper00058598:mex-1(or286)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in mex-3(eu149) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	RPKM fold change > 2.	WBPaper00058598:mex-3(eu149)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in spn-4(tm291) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	RPKM fold change > 2.	WBPaper00058598:spn-4(tm291)_upregulated
	Genes that showed significantly decreased expression level in rsr-2(RNAi) animals comparing to in gfp(RNAi) control.	Fold change > 1.2 or < 0.8.	WBPaper00042477:rsr-2(RNAi)_downregulated_TilingArray
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression at RMG neurons in camt-1(ok515) animals comparing to in wild type AX1888-1 strain.	RNA-seq data were mapped using PRAGUI - a Python 3-based pipeline for RNA-seq data analysis.	WBPaper00061902:camt-1(ok515)_regulated_RMG
	Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage.	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_embryo_enriched
	Genes from N2 animals with significantly decreased expression after 72 hours of treatment on growth media with 10uM rapamycin in 2% DMSO.	Analysis of gene expression data was carried out with the Affymetrix Transcriptome Analysis Console. Data preprocessing (using RMA normalization) and QC metrics were performed using Affymetrix Expression Console TM and manually inspected afterwards. Expression analysis was carried out for each two pairwise conditions. FDR statistical correction for multiple testing resulted in a slightly lower number of DEGs in most cases. P-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.0 were used to determine differentially expressed genes.	WBPaper00048989:N2_rapamycin_downregulated
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in RIVL, RIVR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:RIV
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in AUAL, AUAR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:AUA
	Transcripts enriched in CEPsh glia cells comparing to RNA counts that were derived from all other cells.	DESeq2	WBPaper00056619:CEPsh_enriched
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in DA1, DA2, DA3, DA4, DA5, DA6, DA7, DA8, DA9 according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:DA
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in DB1, DB2, DB3, DB4, DB5, DB6, DB7 according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:DB

7 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Marker29
• Remark: Picture: 1F.
• Pattern: Expressed in CEPsh cells at all developmental stages and in some motoneurons of the ventral cord in larvae.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1150581
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr1021086
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr3312
• Pattern: GFP expression was detected in four cells near the nerve ring as well as in two dendrites that extend toward the mouth displaying a pattern similar to that seen in C. elegans when amphid neurons are stained. The GFP shows a web-like pattern that seems to extend away from each of the cells. Weak GFP expression can also be seen in cells of developing embryos. These cells were identified as sheath cells of the cephalic sensilla. Expression in these cells is detected at all developmental stages and in both males and hermaphrodites.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3311
• Pattern: The highest level of steady-state mRNA accumulation was seen in embryos. During larval development and in adults, hlh-17 mRNA levels did not significantly change.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2012497
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2030736
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

13 GO Annotation

8 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00001961
• Start: 16254764
• End: 16256274
• Strand: 1

13 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 1511

1 Sequence Ontology Term