WormMine: Gene WBGene00003376

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003376
• Gene Name: mls-1
• Sequence Name: H14A12.4
• Brief Description: mls-1 encodes a T-box transcription factor orthologous to members of the Tbx1 subfamily of T-box transcription factors; MLS-1 is required for fate specification of the eight nonstriated uterine muscle cells generated during postembryonic development, and ectopic expression of MLS-1 is sufficient for uterine muscle specification in other mesodermal lineages; mls-1 reporter gene expression is detected in uterine progenitors and differentiated uterine muscles, Type 2 vulval muscles, the left and right intestinal muscles, and the anal depressor muscle; mls-1 expression is positively regulated by the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors HLH-8/Twist and HLH-2/Daughterless.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in muscle cell fate specification and post-embryonic development. Located in nucleus. Expressed in anal depressor muscle and egg-laying apparatus. Used to study chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, distal. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including DiGeorge syndrome; congenital heart disease (multiple); and velocardiofacial syndrome. Is an ortholog of human TBX1 (T-box transcription factor 1).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: III :-0.73044 ±0.000315
• Length (nt): 1594

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003376

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:H14A12.4.1	H14A12.4.1	847	III: 7460341-7461934

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:H14A12.4	H14A12.4	759	III: 7460408-7460580

7 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00107727
• WBRNAi00107726
• WBRNAi00049400
• WBRNAi00016267
• WBRNAi00005186
• WBRNAi00033709
• WBRNAi00107203

22 Allele

• gk964518
• gk963887
• WBVar01607113
• tm434
• ok1948
• gk178346
• cc571
• WBVar01446714
• gk923066
• WBVar01939196
• WBVar01645452
• WBVar00060390
• gk347788
• gk525184
• gk319539
• gk594352
• gk547439
• cc569
• WBVar00233783
• WBVar00065207
• cc570
• WBVar01408871

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: III
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 13783801

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003376
• Start: 7460341
• End: 7461934
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

72 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly changed expression in 6-day post-L4 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite animals.	Sleuth	WBPaper00051558:aging_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in xrep-4(lax137).	DESeq2. Genes were selected if their p value < 0.01.	WBPaper00066062:xrep-4(lax137)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-2(ok1479) comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (version 1.28.1), FDR < 0.01, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00062159:hda-2(ok1479)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in srbc-48(ac23);kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts) comparing to in kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts), 24h after infection with P.aeruginosa.	DESeq2, FDR <0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00059664:srbc-48(ac23)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Psora and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Psora-Allantoin_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Allantoin_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50mM Metformin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Metformin_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin-Allantoin_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(+), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(+)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Genes found to be regulated by low-copy overexpression of sir-2.1 with p < 0.014.	N.A.	WBPaper00026929:sir-2.1_overexpression_regulated
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly increased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_enriched_coding-RNA
Bacteria infection: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. 24 hours of exposure at 25C.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals with 24 hours of exposure to P. aeruginosa PA14 for 24 hrs at 25C, comparing to N2 animals without exposure to PA14.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00058948:PA14_downregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L2-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:intestine_L1-larva_expressed
20C vs 25C	Transcripts that showed differential expression in 20C vs 25C in mir-34(gk437) animals at adult stage.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:20C_vs_25C_regulated_mir-34(gk437)_adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly depleted expression in sensory neuron (labeled by iaIs25[Pgcy-37::GFP + unc-119(+)]) comparing to in whole worm.	Fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00060661:sensory-neuron_depleted
	Significantly upregulated genes from cyc-1(RNAi) microarrays using SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1 from adult-only chips.	SAM algorithm with an FDR < 0.1.	WBPaper00033065:cyc-1(RNAi)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly lower expression in somatic gonad precursor cells (SGP) vs. head mesodermal cells (hmc).	DESeq2, fold change >= 2, FDR <= 0.01.	WBPaper00056826:hmc_biased
	Genes from N2 animals with significantly increased expression after 72 hours of treatment on growth media with 10uM rapamycin in 2% DMSO.	Analysis of gene expression data was carried out with the Affymetrix Transcriptome Analysis Console. Data preprocessing (using RMA normalization) and QC metrics were performed using Affymetrix Expression Console TM and manually inspected afterwards. Expression analysis was carried out for each two pairwise conditions. FDR statistical correction for multiple testing resulted in a slightly lower number of DEGs in most cases. P-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.0 were used to determine differentially expressed genes.	WBPaper00048989:N2_rapamycin_upregulated
	Genes found to be regulated in daf-16(mgDf50) by resveratrol treatment with p < 0.01.	N.A.	WBPaper00026929:Resveratrol_regulated_daf-16
Fungi infection: Harposporium sp.	Genes with decreased expression after 24 hours of infection by Harposporium Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:Harposporium_24hr_downregulated_RNAseq

6 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr7598
• Remark: Clone: pUL#JS4A12
• Pattern: Expression is seen in the anal depressor muscle from late embryogenesis to adult. Expression is also seen in the vulva of the adult hermaphrodite.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1961
• Pattern: The mls-1 transgenes were expressed in the sex myoblast lineage and in a subset of the enteric muscles. Expression of the mls-1 transgenes in the M lineage was detected as early as the sex myoblast granddaughters (M.vl/rpaaa/pa/p). The transgene product was initially observed to accumulate in the uterine muscle progenitors and persisted throughout uterine muscle differentiation. In the initial period after segregation of uterine muscle and vulval muscle fate, the vulval muscle progenitor lineage lacked mls-1 transgene activity. However, after division of the vulval muscle progenitors to Type 1 and Type 2 vulval muscle precursors, mls-1 transgenes were expressed in Type 2 vulval muscles. Expression of mls-1 transgenes was not observed in Type 1 vulval muscles. mls-1 transgenes were also expressed in a subset of the enteric muscles. mls-1 was expressed in the left intestinal muscle (AB.plpppppaa), right intestinal muscle (MS.ppaapp), and the anal depressor muscle (AB.plpppppap). Expression was not detected in the sphincter muscle (AB.prppppap).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1153133
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2013601
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2031834
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1013643
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

12 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003376
• Start: 7460341
• End: 7461934
• Strand: 1

12 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 1594

1 Sequence Ontology Term