GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0008150
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biological_process
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A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. |
GO:0071840
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cellular component organization or biogenesis
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A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. |
GO:0016043
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cellular component organization
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A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. |
GO:0008152
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metabolic process
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A cellular process consisting of the biochemical pathways by which a living organism transforms chemical substances. This includes including anabolism (biosynthetic process) and catabolism (catabolic process). Metabolic processes includes the transformation of small molecules, as well macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, protein synthesis and degradation. |
GO:0043170
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macromolecule metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0065007
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biological regulation
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Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
GO:0019222
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regulation of metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. |
GO:0050794
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regulation of cellular process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0060255
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regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0050789
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regulation of biological process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
GO:0009058
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biosynthetic process
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A cellular process consisting of the biochemical pathways by which a living organism synthesizes chemical substances. This typically represents the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones. |
GO:0009059
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macromolecule biosynthetic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0048519
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negative regulation of biological process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
GO:0048523
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negative regulation of cellular process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0009890
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negative regulation of biosynthetic process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. |
GO:0009892
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negative regulation of metabolic process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. |
GO:0010467
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gene expression
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The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, as well as translation and maturation for protein-coding genes. |
GO:0010468
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regulation of gene expression
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
GO:0009889
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regulation of biosynthetic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. |
GO:0010556
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regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
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Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0010558
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negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
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Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0010605
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negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
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Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0045814
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negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
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An epigenetic process that silences gene expression at specific genomic regions through chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or the cytosine DNA methylation. |
GO:0006325
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chromatin organization
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The assembly or remodeling of chromatin composed of DNA complexed with histones, other associated proteins, and sometimes RNA. |
GO:0033696
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heterochromatin boundary formation
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A process that forms a boundary that limits the spreading of heterochromatin along a chromosome. |
GO:0070828
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heterochromatin organization
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Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form of chromatin. |
GO:0040029
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epigenetic regulation of gene expression
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A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression through chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or cytosine methylation of DNA. Once established, this regulation may be maintained over many cell divisions. It can also be heritable in the absence of the instigating signal. |
GO:0006338
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chromatin remodeling
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A dynamic process of chromatin reorganization resulting in changes to chromatin structure. These changes allow DNA metabolic processes such as transcriptional regulation, DNA recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. |
GO:0010629
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negative regulation of gene expression
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Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |