WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0005274

• Definition: Neuron class of seven motoneurons that innervate dorsal muscles and have cell bodies in the ventral cord.
• Name: DB neuron
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0005274

7 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB7	lineage name: ABprppaappp	WBbt:0004840
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB3	lineage name: ABprpaaaapp	WBbt:0004844
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB4	lineage name: ABprpappapp	WBbt:0004843
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB5	lineage name: ABplpapappp	WBbt:0004842
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB6	lineage name: ABplppaappp	WBbt:0004841
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB2	lineage name: ABarappappa	WBbt:0004845
Ventral cord motor neurons, innervate dorsal muscles	DB1	lineage name: ABplpaaaapp	WBbt:0004846

42 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 34 expressed in: Seam cells (grd+).	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:34
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 52 expressed in: Spermatheca neck distal-most.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:52
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 37 expressed in: e1_e3 (pharyngeal epithelium).	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:37
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 62 expressed in: e2 (pharyngeal epithelium).	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:62
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 6_2 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:6_2
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 6_3 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:6_3
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 36 expressed in: Spermatheca bag proximal.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:36
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 35 expressed in: Mature sperm.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:35
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 40 expressed in: Arcade cells and rectal gland subpopulation.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:40
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 55 expressed in: Intestinal-rectal valve.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:55
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 51 expressed in: Intestine anterior.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:51
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 65 expressed in: Excretory gland.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:65
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 44 expressed in: Glia_1.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:44
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 59 expressed in: Uterine muscle .	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:59
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 64 expressed in: AVB.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:64
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 69 expressed in: AVA.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:69
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 56 expressed in: Excretory cells.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:56
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 42 expressed in: Unassigned hypodermis/gonadal sheath cells.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:42
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 39 expressed in: Cephalic sheath.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:39
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 49 expressed in: SIA.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:49
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 46 expressed in: SIB.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:46
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 68 expressed in: Uterine seam cells.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:68
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 67 expressed in: PLM_ALM.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:67
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 72 expressed in: GLR.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:72
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 58 expressed in: Distal tip.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:58
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 57 expressed in: Marginal cells.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:57
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 33 expressed in: AS; DA_VA; DB_VB; and SAB.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:33
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 45 expressed in: SMD and subpopulation of RMD_LR and SAA.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:45
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 70 expressed in: AVD.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:70
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 71 expressed in: AVE.	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:71

75 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4864
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.0) and larva (2.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, DD, VD, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Pharyngeal muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.7) and larva (3.5).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4865
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.8). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, VD, AS, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Head muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.5).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4866
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.1) and larva (1.9). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.9) and larva (2.2).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4867
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (5.3) and larva (3.7). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, AS, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle, intestine. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (3.9) and larva (8.3).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4868
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (5.1) and larva (1.7). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, VD. Also expressed in other cells: Intestine, hypodermis. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.9) and larva (2.7).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4869
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (3.6) and larva (3.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, VC, touch neurons, head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (2.3) and larva (4.0).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4860
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (4.0) and larva (2.2). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (2.3).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4862
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.9) and larva (2.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, VB, DB, VD, DD, bright in AS, also head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (3.5).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4854
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (1.6). Neuronal expression include: Posterior ventral cord motor neurons (VA, VB, DB, AS), head and tail neurons, touch neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (3.0).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4858
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.8) and larva (3.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, VB, AS, DB, DD, HSN, VC4&5, AIY, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Muscle, intestine. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (1.5).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4851
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.7); not expressed in larva. Neuronal expression include: DA, VD, AS, VB, DB. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (2.7).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4845
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: expressed in larva; enriched in embryo (2,5). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, VD, AS head and tail neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle, head muscle, pharyngeal muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (2.1) and larva (1.8).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4846
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: not expressed in embryo or larva. Neuronal expression include: All VNC motor neuron classes, except DD, head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: enriched in larva (4.9); not expressed in embryo.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4847
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.3); not expressed in larva. Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VD, AS. Pan-neuronal: enriched in larva (1.7); not expressed in embryo.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4848
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: expressed in larva; enriched in embryo (1.8). Neuronal expression include: VA, VB, DA, DB, AS, touch neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle, pharyngeal neurons. Pan-neuronal: enriched in larva (1.8); not expressed in embryo.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4341
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stages.
• Pattern: acr-16::GFP was detected in all body wall muscle cells (but not vulval or anal muscles) and was also present in a subset of neurons, notably the DB motor neurons in the ventral nerve cord. Expression was visible in the embryo.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13411
• Pattern: The Venus reporter driven by the 5.7 kb npr22 promoter was expressed in many cells mainly in the head region; the npr-22prom::Venus expression was observed in head muscles, the I2 neurons, the MC neurons, the RIH neuron, the AIA neurons, the AUA neurons, the ASK neurons (strong in larval worms), the ASI neurons (strong in larval worms), a few B-type motorneurons in the posterior ventral nerve cord (variable), pharyngeal muscles, body wall muscles (weak), the intestine (weak), and a few classes of unidentified cells anterior to the nerve ring. In the I2, MC, RIH, AIA, AUA, and posterior B-type motorneurons, we confirmed the co-expression of established cell markers.

• Primary Identifier: Marker89
• Remark: Picture: Figure 1A.
• Subcellular Localization: Marker for DA and DB motor axons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8850
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Neuronal Expression: AVA, AVB, AVE, PVC, AIB, AUA, AVG, RIB, RIC, SAA, SIA, SIB, RIF, RIM, RMD, RME, SMD, DA, DB, VA, VB, M5, NSM, MC, I3, MI?. Non-neuronal Expression: rectal epithelium, body wall muscle, spermethecae, vulva muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11295
• Pattern: Fairly weak expression in most animals, strongest expression in young larvae, pharynx: marginal cells and pm6, gut, rectal gland cells, about 10-15 pairs of head neurons incl. some IL's, some motoneurons (DA/DB?), 2-3 pairs of tail neurons

• Primary Identifier: Expr8203
• Pattern: Expressed in DA, VB, AS, DB, DD, HSN, VC4 & 5, AIY, head neurons, muscles, intestine. acr-14::GFP is expressed in RME in the head and in ventral nerve cord (VNC) motor neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr10808
• Pattern: ACR-2::GFP showed mostly diffused localization on neuronal soma, as well as processes in the ventral cord, sublateral cords, and nerve ring. In the ventral cord, expression of ACR-2::GFP was specifically observed in the VA, VB, DA, and DB motor neurons as reported previously (Jospin et al., 2009). Several additional cells (e.g., SDQ, vulva muscles) also expressed ACR-2::GFP, presumably because of the use of a longer promoter and inclusion of intronic sequences. However, staining of ACR-2::GFP was not seen in the dorsal nerve cord. Because the axonal processes of DA and DB motor neurons are major constituents of the dorsal nerve cord, lack of ACR-2::GFP signals in the dorsal nerve cord indicates that ACR-2 is unlikely to localize to presynaptic sites of these motor neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr10058
• Pattern: lin-14 was broadly expressed in C. elegans neurons, with strong expression in neurons starting in the late embryonic stage. Analysis of the expression patterns of lin-14 and lin-4 revealed overlapping expression of the two genes in several neurons, including AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM, DD, VD, DA, DB, SDQR, HSN, and PQR.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8844
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Neuronal Expression: ASI, ASJ, AVB, AVE, PVC, AIB, AIN, DA, DB, M2, NSM. Non-neuronal Expression: pharynx, GLR cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8671
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm5, pm6, pm7, pm8, g2, rectal gland cells. Weak or rare expression in anterior arcades, posterior arcades, pm2, pm3, pm4, M3, MC, intestine, rectal epithelial cells. Expression in the nervous system: CEPsh, ALN, ASn, CAN, DAn, DBn, DDn, DVA, DVB, HSN, PDE, PLM, PVQ, PVR, PVT, URB, VAn, VBn, VDn, M3, MC. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in spermatheca, vulval muscle, HSN. In developing larva stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle, HSN. inx-3 was expressed broadly during early embryogenesis. After the beginning of morphogenesis, inx-3 expression becomes more restricted to the pharynx, hypodermis, and intestine. By three-fold stage inx-3 expression appears in ventral cord motor neurons (strongest in DA neurons) along with continued strong pharyngeal expression. By hatching, its hypodermal expression disappears, while postembryonically born ventral cord motor neurons express it at low levels. Its pharyngeal (strong) and neuronal (faint) expressions continue to adulthood.

• Primary Identifier: Expr320
• Remark: Neuronal gene expression pattern from collation by Shawn Lockery of neuron-specific promotors posted 20/04/98 (http://chinook.uoregon.edu). Since cell AS is listed under 'body' in the pattern, it presumably means the AS.1-11 ventral cord neurons rather than the AS amphid neurons.[sdm-curator]
• Pattern: head: IL2 URA URB SAA SAB SIA SIB SMB SMD RMD AIY, sev more; phar: M1 M2 M5 I1f I6f, others; body: VA VB VC DA DB AS SDQ HSNf; tail: ALN PLN others [J. Duerr (personal communication to Shawn Lockery)], antibody

• Primary Identifier: Expr8694
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in M5, I1, I3, I6, NSM. Weak or rare expression in posterior arcades. Expression in the nervous system: Phsh, ADA, ADE, ADL, AIN, AIY, ALM, AUA, AVA, AVD, AVH, AVJ, AVK, AVM, AWB, BDU, CAN, CEP, DAn, DBn, DDn, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, IL1, IL2, LUA, OLL, PDA, PDB, PDE, PHA, PHB, PHC, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVD, PVM, PVN, PVP, PVQ, PVR, PVT, PVW, RIB, RIC, RIF, RIP, RIS, RME, SDQ, SIA (early larva), SIB (early larva), SMB (early larva), SMD (early larva), URA, URB, VAn, VBn, VCn, VDn, M5, I1, I6, NSM. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle, HSN, VCn. In developing larva stage, expressed in HSN, VCn, and anchor cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13161

• Primary Identifier: Expr13162

• Primary Identifier: Expr10057
• Pattern: lin-4 is abundantly expressed in L1 larvae in many tissues, including muscles, hypodermal cells, and neurons in the head, the tail, the ventral nerve cord, the anterior body, and the mid-body. The lin-4 promoter reporter expression was broader and generally stronger during the L1 stage than in the embryonic stage. The lin-4 promoter reporter was expressed in lateral ganglion neurons (ADL, AWB, AWC, AFD), ventral nerve cord neurons (DA, DB, DD, VD), anterior-body region neurons (SDQR), tail neurons (PQR), touch neurons (AVM, PVM, ALM, PLM), and HSN neurons.

0 Life Stages

2 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron making synapse on an effector (muscle, gland).	motor neuron	motoneuron	WBbt:0005409
neuron that uses vesicular acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter.	cholinergic neuron	ACh neuron	WBbt:0006840