WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0005734

• Definition: entire syncytium of hyp7
• Name: hyp7 syncytium
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0005734
• Synonym: hyp7

2 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
hyp7 syncytium in male.	hyp7 syncytium male		WBbt:0008070
hyp7 syncytium in hermaphrodite.	hyp7 syncytium hermaphrodite		WBbt:0008071

1 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 26 expressed in: hyp7 (hypodermis).	CellRanger, DecontX, Monocle3, Louvain algorithm.	WBPaper00065623:26

197 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr8361
• Remark: Picture: Figure 1.
• Pattern: GFP expression initiated in the early gastrula. Robust expression of Prncs-1::GFP was observed in the midgut (E cell lineage) starting at the 28-cell stage and continuing into adulthood. By the comma stage, fluorescence was also visible in the embryo periphery in cells that give rise to hypodermis. In L1 larva and subsequent stages, strong expression of GFP was seen in hypodermal cells, including Hyp 7 syncytium and head and tail hypodermis. The expression pattern was identical in hermaphrodites and males, but adult hermaphrodites displayed fluorescence in vulval epithelium. Expression was absent in seam cells, nervous system, and pharynx. The Prncs-1::GFP reporter showed increased expression during starvation. Although fluorescence intensity was enhanced under starved conditions, the spatial expression pattern was unchanged. Expression of the Prncs-1::GFP transgene was also enhanced in males. An ~2.5-fold increase in rncs-1 expression in total RNA prepared from wild-type, well fed males, compared with hermaphrodites.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4837
• Remark: Picture: Figure 5.
• Pattern: Fluorescence started to be visible in two cells of young embryos at around the 64 AB cell stage. Towards the end of gastrulation expression was visible in about 40 cells throughout the embryo including neuronal precursors, ventral hypodermal cells, and pharyngeal precursor cells. At the 1 to 2 fold stages fluorescence was observed in IL1 neurons (the identity was determined post-embryonically), the nine buccal epidermal cells, and additional cells in the head, most likely arcade cells. Transient expression was also observed in embryonic motoneurons (no longer visible in 3 fold stage embryos) and in a few apoptotic cells in the head. Based on their position they could be the sister cells of some of the IL1 neurons, which are known to undergo programmed cell death at this developmental stage. At the 3 fold stage expression was restricted to the buccal epidermal cells, most of the arcade cells (3 anterior and the DL and DR posterior arcade cells), and the six IL1 neurons. The two lateral IL1 neurons expressed the marker only weakly also in the L1 larval stage (but not later during development), whereas the dorsal and ventral IL1 neurons expressed GFP strongly throughout all larval stages and in the adults. Starting from the L1 larval stage expression could also be observed in the posterior cells of the gut. Starting from the L2 stage, when gonad development and migration begins, fluorescence became also visible in the distal tip cells of the gonad.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4810
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 1, D and E. Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: VHA-5 is expressed in the H-shaped excretory cell. It is also expressed in the main epidermal syncytium, which had previously been overlooked. VHA-5 colocalized apically with the V1 subunit VHA-8 in both tissues.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4812
• Remark: Picture: Figure 7A, Figure 7, C and D.
• Pattern: RDY-2 has a distribution very similar to that of VHA-5 in the excretory canal and the epidermis. Specifically, expression was seen in the lining of the excretory canal and excretory duct, but not around the excretory pore. As no expression was seen around the excretory cell body, authors conclude that RDY-2 is localized at the apical side of the canal, as reported for VHA-5 (see Expr4811). RDY-2 had a distribution in the epidermis similar to that of VHA-5 and was also excluded from seam cells. RDY-2 expression became progressively fainter after the L1 stage. In addition, authors found RDY-2 expressed in the sheath cells associated with head and tail sensory organs. Three-dimensional reconstructions showed that VHA-5 and RDY-2 formed a sixfold symmetrical pattern, which includes a larger spot that presumably corresponds to the amphid.
• Subcellular Localization: Localized at the apical side of the excretory canal. In the amphid sheath cell, VHA-5 and RDY-2 were found in the most distal part of the cell lining the sheath pocket, which can be equated to its apical side.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4813
• Remark: Picture: Figure 7, C and D.
• Pattern: Expression was observed throughout development, starting at midembryogenesis. VHA-5 was also detected at the lumen of the vulva and rectum. In addition, authors found VHA-5 expressed in the sheath cells associated with head and tail sensory organs. Three-dimensional reconstructions showed that VHA-5 and RDY-2 formed a sixfold symmetrical pattern, which includes a larger spot that presumably corresponds to the amphid.
• Subcellular Localization: In the amphid sheath cell, VHA-5 was found in the most distal part of the cell lining the sheath pocket, which can be equated to its apical side.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4691
• Pattern: GFP was detected in epidermal cells including the head epidermal cells hyp1 to hyp5, the hyp7 syncytium, the tail epidermal cells hyp8 to hyp11, and the ventral Pn.p cells. GFP expression was also detected in the excretory duct cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4723
• Pattern: Epidermal syncytia but not seam cells. nlp-29 was the only gene that was not visibly expressed in the intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4396
• Pattern: The tissues expressing pps-1(FL)::EGFP and the timing of its expression were almost identical to those expressing pps-1p::EGFP. See Expr4395
• Subcellular Localization: pps-1(FL)::EGFP is dominantly localized in nuclei of all expressing cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4344
• Pattern: qua-1pro::GFP was found to be expressed in the hypodermal cells covering the whole body from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail spike, but not in the lateral hypodermal cells, i.e., the seam cells. Furthermore, expression was seen in the excretory duct and pore cells from threefold stage embryos to adults. However, in adults the GFP intensity appears weaker than in larvae. In L1 larvae, qua-1 is expressed in two, sometimes four, cells of the anterior as well as the posterior of the intestine and a rectal epithelial cell. In addition, transient expression was observed in the P cells in L1 in the ventral side of the animal and in a few sensilla support cells in the head. In adults, qua-1pro::GFP is transiently expressed in a few cells in the head that remain to be identified.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4287
• Pattern: psa-3 was expressed in the T cell, head neurons, posterior gut cells, hypodermal cells (hyp7, hyp9, and hyp10), and P blast cells. Of the seam cells, only the T cell expressed psa-3. During mitosis of the T cell, the PSA-3 protein was uniformly distributed in the T cell. Soon after the T cell division (before V6 cell division, which occurs about 30 min after T cell division), the psa-3 expression in the two daughter cells was almost the same. In the later stage, after V6 cell division, the psa-3 expression in T.a had decreased and that in T.p increased. After the next round of divisions, the psa-3 expression had greatly increased in the posterior (T.pa and T.pp), but not the anterior, granddaughters.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4643
• Pattern: A 4.5-kb reporter construct that spans from the fourth intron to the 3' noncoding region is sufficient to drive expression in the same tissues as seen with the 8-kb fragment (see Expr4642). No expression is seen in the vulC, vulD, vulE, and vulF cells during the L4 stage unless nhr-67 or cog-1 activity is eliminated.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4644
• Pattern: An nhr-67 transcriptional reporter driven by 1 kb of its native promoter and containing regulatory sequences downstream of the fourth exon in their normal context. The nhr-67 transcriptional construct containing the endogenous promoter recapitulated the vulval and embryonic expression pattern observed with the nhr-67::[Delta]pes-10 constructs. See Expr4642 and Expr4643.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4645
• Pattern: In the presence of the 6-kb promoter region, the vulval expression is identical to that of the 8-kb nhr-67::[Delta]pes-10 constructs (see Expr4642). Besides the previously reported expression in head neurons, expression was also observed in the anchor cell (AC) (during mid to late L3 stage) in hermaphrodites and the linker cell in males.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4642
• Pattern: Expression was observed in the vulva, the hyp7 epidermal syncytium, late stage embryos, and the male tail. This nhr-67 construct exhibits a dynamic expression pattern in the vulval cells. During the late L4 stage, nhr-67 is first observed in vulA cells (and occasionally in vulB1), and this expression is maintained throughout adulthood. Expression in vulC is only seen upon entry into L4 lethargus and persists in adults. Strong vulB1 and vulB2 expression (and occasional vulD expression) is observed only in young adults.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4608
• Pattern: Clear expression was shown in two of the hypodermal syncytia, hyp4, which surrounds the anterior part of the pharynx, and hyp7, which surrounds the mid-body region of the animal. The earliest detectable GFP expression can be observed in comma stage embryos, where there is abundant expression in the newly generated hyp4 nuclei and, albeit less frequently, in hyp7 nuclei. This expression pattern remains consistent throughout embryonic and larval development up until adulthood. There is faint expression in the hindgut, which most likely represents background expression of the reporter.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4489
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage.
• Pattern: Expressed in ventral nerve cord from L2 to adult, anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult, posterior neurons from L2 to adult, pharynx from L2 to adult, mid body cell bodies from L2 to adult, specific pair of head neurons from L2 to adult, posterior cells (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult in some animals, main body hypodermis in some L2/L3 animals.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4470
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage.
• Pattern: Expressed in main body hypodermis at L2/L3, L4 and adult, ventral nerve cord at L2/L3, L4 and adult, lateral hypodermal cells at L2/L3, L4 and adult, vulval muscle at adult stage, anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4467
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage.
• Pattern: Expressed in main body hypodermis at L2/L3, ventral nerve cord at L4, lateral hypodermal cells at L2/L3, anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) at L2/L3, L4 and adult, pharynx at L2/L3, L4 and adult, cells adjacent to posterior of gut around rectum during L4 and adult stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4468
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage.
• Pattern: Expressed in main body hypodermis at L2/L3, ventral nerve cord at L4, anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) at L2/L3, L4 and adult, intestine at L2/L3, L4 and adult, pharynx at L2/L3, L4 and adult.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4469
• Remark: No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage.
• Pattern: Expressed in main body hypodermis at L2/L3 and L4, ventral nerve cord at L2/L3, L4 and adult, lateral hypodermal cells at L2/L3 and adult, vulval muscle at adult stage, anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8984
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3A, 3B.
• Pattern: Staining was observed in all larval and adult stages, localizing to the nuclei of the hypodermal cells, specifically the head (hyp3, hyp4, hyp6, and hyp7) and seam/body (hyp7, H, V, and P) hypodermal cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15100
• Pattern: nekl-2 and nekl-3. Consistent with our previous study (YOCHEM et al. 2015), these reporters were expressed strongly within the epidermis beginning in late embryonic development. NEKL-2::NeonGreen was present in cytosolic puncta that were enriched at the hyp7-seam cell boundary, similar to our observations for MLT- 2 and MLT-4. As anticipated, NEKL- 2::NeonGreen showed extensive colocalization with MLT-2::mKate2 in the apical region of hyp7, although some puncta did not overlap. In the case of NEKL-2 and MLT-3, coexpression was more variable. In apical regions, including the region encompassing the hyp7-seam cell boundary, most NEKL-2::NeonGreen and MLT- 3::mKate2 puncta failed to overlap, although colocalization of some puncta was often observed. Moreover, in some animals we observed moderate-to-strong overlap, particularly in larger apical accumulations and in more medial planes.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12111
• Pattern: NEKL-2::mCherry was observed in spheres or puncta near the apical surface of the hypodermis including the hyp7 syncytium. Similar to NEKL-3::GFP, NEKL-2::mCherry was not observed in the seam cells. In contrast to NEKL-3::GFP, NEKL-2::mCherry was not observed in the vulva. Of particular interest, NEKL-3::GFP puncta only rarely co-localized with NEKL-2::mCherry in hyp7, suggesting that these kinases may function in distinct cellular compartments.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9099
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: This mab-31 2Kb 5' flanking sequence was active in gut cells of the pretzel-stage embryo and throughout the larval stages. In adult males and hermaphrodites, gfp reporter signal was observed in the pharynx, body hypodermis, and intestine. On the other hand, mab-31 expression is also observed in support cells of neuronal sensilla, like amphid socket cells and phasmid socket cells. In the wild-type male tail, the mab-31 transcriptional reporter expression was detected in structural cells highlighting the cell bodies and processes of all sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3695
• Pattern: Fluorescence was observed in epithelial cells that synthesize cuticle. Expressed in the hypodermis, including the major body syncytium, hyp7, and hypodermal cells in the head and tail. A pulse of fluorescence was observed in the hypodermis prior to molting. Fluorescence from mlt-8p::gfp-pest was first detected approximately 3 h before the L1/L2 molt, or 13 h after hatchlings synchronized by starvation were fed and incubated at 25 centigrades. The intensity of fluorescence increased until lethargus and then decreased rapidly, such that GFP was barely detectable just 2 h after molting. When monitoring individual transgenic larvae over the course of development, fluorescence from mlt-8p::gfp-pest was observed from 65 +/- 2% to 90 +/- 2% of the duration of each larval stage. The mlt-8 reporter was expressed, in larvae, in a single posterior neuron that remains to be identified. Expression of the gfp fusion genes was never detected in the hypodermis of gravid adults that no longer molt.

• Primary Identifier: Expr16218
• Pattern: MLT-8::NeonGreen was co-localized with the lysosome marker CPL-1::mCherry in hyp7 and seam syncytia, and was secreted to the cuticle outside of both syncytia.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8887
• Remark: Picture: Figs. 3A, B.
• Pattern: Expressed in a subset of cells including the hyp7 precursors during the time of nuclear migration.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8910
• Remark: Picture: N.A.
• Pattern: Expressed in phyaryngeal muscle, marginal cells, all intestinal cells, seam (strong), other hypodermis (weak), arcade cells, spermatheca, vulva and rectal epithelial cells,

• Primary Identifier: Expr2252
• Pattern: The LTD-1::GFP signal is present throughout the development of C. elegans. This signal was detected as early as the 2-fold embryo. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. Its expression is observed in the seam cells of the early embryo and in the larval stages once these cells have commenced division. The LTD-1::GFP signal is also observed in rectal epithelial cells (tentatively, U and Y cells) and in the terminal bulb (marginal cells) and isthmus of the pharynx from hatching to adulthood.
• Subcellular Localization: The LTD-1::GFP construct is expressed in the apical regions of the dorsal and ventral hypodermis in very tightly organized circumferential filament bundles. This cytoskeletal expression pattern mirrors the intracellular distribution of actin and tubulin in C. elegans. In late embryos, the GFP signal is localized to the apical junction between hyp 5, hyp 6 and hyp 7 and between the seam cells and the P blast cells in the ventral midline. This signal highlights the cell fusion processes that take place during post-embryonic development. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. It clearly outlines the cytokinesis between posterior mother cells and anterior daughter cells and illustrates the subsequent fusion of the anterior daughter cells to the hypodermal syncitium. The GFP signal is also observed in longitudinal filaments within the cytoplasm linking both extremities of the elongating seam cells and in the alae formed by their fusion.

• Primary Identifier: Expr9224
• Pattern: mtm-9::gfp reporter was expressed in a broad range of tissues, including the muscle, intestine, hypodermis and neurons (including the CAN neuron in the mid-body region). Mtm-9 was also expressed in the rectal epithelial cells that are the major source of EGL-20 Wnt.

0 Life Stages

3 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
primary cell type that forms the hypodermis.	hypodermal cell		WBbt:0007846
cell that has more than one nucleus.	syncytium	syncitium	WBbt:0008074
cell destined to become or fuse with multinuclear hyp7 hypodermal cell.	hyp7 precursor cell		WBbt:0008069