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Moreover, neither the dgn-1::GFP promoter reporter nor the rescuing DGN-1::GFP fusion show expression in muscle. Plasmid pJJ516 was made by inserting GFP from pPD114.38 into the HindIII site near the end of the dgn-1 coding sequence. The product contains GFP inserted after residue 575 of DGN-1, with the final seven DGN-1 residues at the C terminus. Expression of DGN-1::GFP is identical to that of the dgn-1::GFP promoter reporter, and DGN-1::GFP rescues the sterility of dgn-1(cg121). |
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Expr4218
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In early (pre-morphological) embryos, dgn-1::GFP expression is evident in many epithelial and neural precursors comprising the outer layer of cells. As elongation begins at comma stage, expression becomes most prominent in several specialized epithelial cells, including pharyngeal e2 and marginal cells, excretory cells, the somatic gonad precursors (SGPs) Z1 and Z4, and rectal epithelial cells. Weaker expression is apparent in hypodermal precursors and neuroblasts along the ventral midline. Pharyngeal expression persists through the L3 larval stage, whereas excretory and rectal cell expression persists throughout development. SGP expression persists in SGP descendants, such as the distal tip cells (DTCs), and increases throughout the gonad during the L4 stage. Variable, generally weak expression is seen throughout larval development in several neurons, although PVP neurons show strong expression throughout development. Transient increased expression occurs in new P cell-derived neurons in the ventral nerve cord in late L1/early L2 stage animals. Variable weak expression is seen in hypodermal cells, principally hyp5 in the head. Preceding the L4/adult molt, expression increases in the vulval epithelium. |
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Expr15619
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Expr15385
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The differences in the expression patterns of Pmbr-1::gfp and mbr-1::gfp might be due to the following reasons: first, additional regulatory elements might exist in introns and 3$(B!l(B-UTR regions, which are not included in the former construct; and second, as the product of Pmbr-1::gfp diffuses throughout the cytoplasm, it might be difficult to detect low levels of GFP expression. |
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Expr3681
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In strains that carry Pmbr-1::gfp, GFP expression was observed in restricted sets of interneurons in the head ganglia: AIM, RIC, RIH (or RIR), RIF (or RIG), and a pair of interneurons tentatively identified as AIN. Expression was also observed in three interneurons of the tail ganglia: PVP and an interneuron tentatively identified as DVA or DVC. In contrast, mbr-1::gfp was expressed in several more neurons compared to Pmbr-1::gfp, including sensory neurons. Expression of mbr-1::gfp was also detected in some intestinal cells at the late embryonic stages as well as in vulval cells and some somatic gonadal cells at the L4 stage. mbr-1::gfp expression becomes detectable first around the early comma stage, which corresponds to the time just after the birth of most neurons. |
The MBR-1::GFP fusion protein was localized to the nuclei, consistent with the idea that MBR-1 functions as a transcription factor. |
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Expr15558
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Expr15567
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Expr15571
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Expr15572
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Expr15573
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Expr15579
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Expr15586
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Expr15651
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Expr15589
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Expr15591
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Expr15598
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Expr15604
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Expr15608
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Expr963
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Transgenic animals bearing pFX1G1 had high levels of GFP fluorescence or immunoreactivity in embryonic and postembryonic neurons. fax-1::gfp expression was first detected in embryos prior to elongation (approximately 350 minutes of development). By approximately 400 minutes, there is strong fax-1::gfp expression in as many as 20 neurons in the embryonic head and 1-2 neurons in the embryonic tail. fax-1::gfp is expressed in 20 neurons postembryonically, through the adult stage. The position of these neurons indicates that most or all of them are among the 22 neurons that express fax-1::gfp embryonically. These cells include both AVKR and AVKL. fax-1::gfp was not observed in either of the HSN or PVQ neurons, or in the PVPR neuron at any stage of development. fax-1::gfp expression was observed in several other neurons and two non-neuronal cell types in transgenic animals carrying pFX1G1. These include the pairs of CEPD and URX sensory neurons, three pharyngeal neurons (M1, MI and probably M5), two pairs of ring interneurons (including the RIC pair), five neurons in the retrovesicular ganglion (including SABD and the pair of SABV neurons), a single neuron in the preanal ganglion (either PVPL or PVT) and a single neuron in the dorsorectal ganglion of the tail (probably DVA). There is incompletely penetrant fax-1::gfp expression in a few additional neurons that were not identified, and in the non neuronal dorsal rectal cell and distal tip cells of the somatic gonad. |
GFP immunoreactivity was present in the cytoplasm, axons and nuclei of cells. Axons of neurons that express fax-1::gfp embryonically were observed in the process of outgrowth. |
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Expr15611
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Expr13556
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cam-1 is broadly expressed in many cell types, including muscle, hypodermis, and neurons (Forrester et al. 1999), making direct identification of relevant cells difficult. To determine whether cam-1 is expressed in PVP and PVQ neurons, the Pcam-1::cam-1::GFP strain was crossed with hdIs26[Podr-2::CFP; Psra-6::dsRed2], which expresses CFP in PVP and dsRed in PVQ. Strong CAM-1 expression was observed in PVQ but only weak expression in PVP. CAM-1 is also expressed in PVT. |
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Expr15402
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Expr12745
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In adult animals, kvs-4p::GFP was expressed in multiple types of neurons including cholinergic motor neuron DA9, mechanosensory neurons ALM and PLM, and interneuron PVPL. |
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Expr12985
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Transgenic worms expressing a translational GFP fusion spanning a 2.2kb fragment of the gsr-1 promoter plus the complete gsr-1 genomic ORF, showed strong fluorescence in pharynx while weaker labeling was found in hypodermis, intestine, vulva muscle cells, spermatheca, uterine cells, coelomocytes, gonad sheath cells, rectal cells and a couple of unidentified neurons (probably PVPL/R) in the tail. |
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Expr10585
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Expression of a GFP reporter gene under the control of the ddr-1 promoter (ddr-1p::GFP) was first detected in the 'lima-bean-stage' during embryogenesis in hypodermal cells. During the early stages of axon outgrowth in the embryo, around the 2-fold stage, GFP expression included a few head and tail neurons. Post-embryonically, ddr-1p::GFP expression was mostly observed in the nervous system, with many neurons in head and tail ganglia and motor neurons in the VNC expressing GFP. Expression of ddr-1p::GFP in PVP neurons was confirmed by co-labeling with a PVP marker. Outside the nervous system expression was apparent in the pharynx and the stomato-intestinal muscle. |
The DDR-1::GFP translational fusion construct localized to neuronal cell bodies and axons. |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8678
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm1, pm2, pm3, pm6, pm7, pm8, mc1, mc2, mc3. Weak or rare expression in pm4, pm5. Expression in the nervous system: DDn, DVA, DVB, DVC, PVP. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in proximal gonad sheath, spermatheca. In developing larva stage, expressed in uterus, spermatheca. inx-10 is localized to pharyngeal precursors from early stages of embryogenesis, and by three-fold stage, all pharyngeal muscles except pm4 are seen to express it at high levels. |
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Picture: N.A. |
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Expr8675
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pm5, MC. Weak or rare expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm1, pm2, pm3, pm4 pm6, pm7, pm8, g1, g2, rectal gland cells. Expression in the nervous system: ADE, AIY, ALM, ALN, AVA, AVK, AVM, BDU, CAN, DAn, DVA, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, LUA, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVM, PVP, PVQ, PVT, PVW, RID, RIS, SDQ, URB, MC. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in HSN. Faint hypodermal expression of inx-7 is seen around two-fold stage and becomes stronger by threefold stage. |
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Expr9959
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PDF-2::GFP signals could be observed throughout post-embryonic life. The PDF-2::GFP-expressing cells were identified as the interneurons BDUL/R, AVG, AIML/R, RIS, AVD and PVT, the chemosensory neuron pairs PHA and PHB, the motor neurons RID and RIML/R, the sensory neurons AQR and PQR, and less frequently in the PVPL/R interneurons. Outside the nervous system, strong expression was observed in rectal gland cells rectD and rectVL/R, the intestino-rectal valve cells virL/R and three posterior arcade cells in the head. Weak GFP fluorescence could also be observed in four additional head neurons that could not be unequivocally identified. GFP fluorescence was visible in neuronal cell bodies, axons and dendrites. |
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Expr15648
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Expr3135
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C47A10.6 expressed in both head (labial) and tail neurons (phasmid PHCL/R). C47A10.6 also showed medium to strong expression in scattered nonchemosensory neurons. |
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Expr1919
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Expressed in two ALN, two PLN, two PVP, two PVQ, two BDU, two PVM, excretory cell, four VulC cells, two PDE socket cells. |
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