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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr4735
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Expression began at the comma stage and continued from the L1 to adult stages in body wall muscles. The tni-1::lacZ animals showed only weak expression in the body wall muscles. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr4736
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Expression began at the comma stage and continued from the L1 to adult stages in body wall muscles. The tni-2::lacZ construct gave strong expression in all the body wall muscles. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr4737
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Expression began at the comma stage and continued from the L1 to adult stages in body wall muscles. The tni-3::lacZ construct was expressed in all the body wall muscles from the L1 to adult stages. In the adult stage, tni-3::lacZ expression in body wall muscles became weaker with time although strong expression persisted in the head and vulval muscles. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr4738
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tni-4::lacZ was expressed only in the pharynx from the 2-fold to adult stages. |
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Picture: Figure 5B. |
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Expr4986
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Consistent with the ubiquitous expression of sqt-3 throughout the life cycle, the R584 antiserum intensely stains the hypodermal cells and cuticles of all stages. Reactive antigens are first detected in wild-type comma-stage embryos within the hypodermal cells. The signal localizes perinuclearly, presumably in association with the secretory pathway. At the threefold stage, coincident with cuticle secretion, the signal becomes progressively extracellular: by the late pretzel stage, all antigen is detected in alignment with the annular ridges of the embryonic cuticle. |
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Picture: Fig. 2. |
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Expr4954
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In larvae and adults, the circumferential filamentous pattern did not persist, but expression was seen in a subset of head and tail socket cells, the vulva, more faintly the uterus, and the rectum. |
GFP expression was observed in the epidermis from the 1.2-fold stage of elongation to the end of embryogenesis. The GFP formed a circumferential filamentous pattern that was spatially and temporally strikingly reminiscent of the circumferential actin microfilament pattern. Indeed, actin staining in a strain expressing the RGA-2::GFP construct showed that the two networks coincide. |
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Picture: Fig. 5, Fig 6. |
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Expr4956
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NAB-1::GFP expression is restricted to epithelia and neurons. The earliest expression was observed in the hypodermis of 2-fold-stage early embryos. Immediately prior to hatching, this expression became restricted to the epithelial excretory canal and the nervous system, including the central nervous system and the motoneurons (dorsal and ventral nerve cords. In L3 and L4 larvae, NAB-1::GFP also localized transiently at the membranes of the developing vulva epithelia. Also expressed in distal tip cell (pers. comm. from Wesley Hung 11-17-07.) |
NAB-1::GFP puncta partially co-localized with the synaptic-vesicle protein SNT-1 and the active-zone protein UNC-10, suggesting that NAB-1 is present in presynaptic regions that are associated with vesicle pools and active zones. Similar to NAB-1, SAD-1 also showed co-localization with SNT-1. NAB-1::GFP and SAD-1 also showed partial co-localization, where each NAB-1::GFP punctum was associated with SAD-1 staining. |
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Expr4941
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strong bwm in 3-fold embryos; no other muscle seen in larvae or adults; saw faint bwm in 1.5 fold embryo but no earlier. |
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Expr4942
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strong bwm, vul, anal dep, mu int; strain A shows embryonic bwm starting at 1.5 fold and strong at 3-fold |
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Expr4917
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Moderate bwm, mosaic, tail hyps, earlies bwm is comma with 1-2 cells +, by 3-fold fairly strong in many bwm; early gut at 12E, strong gut at 1.5 fold then fades to cytoplasmic and gone. |
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Expr4264
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Expressed in body wall muscle cells, pharyngeal muscles, rectal gland cells, vulval and uterine muscles, and a subset of neurons in the head and ventral nerve cord. The expression was first detected in the embryo at the 1.5-fold stage and continued to be expressed until adulthood. In this stage, cells with position corresponding to P cells showed also GFP expression. In order to determine if the expression of GFP was in epidermal lineages, including P cells and their descendants, authors prepared double transgenic lines expressing GFP from promoter 1 of nhr-40 on the background of SU93 line that expresses an AJM::GFP membrane marker. This confirmed the expression of nhr-40::gfp in epidermal precursors P cells and their neuronal progeny within the ventral neuronal cord. However, the GFP was not observed in ventral epidermal cells that originated from P cells. The nhr-40::gfp was not observed in seam cells that are also marked by an AJM::GFP. The muscle pattern of expression was partially lost with truncations of this promoter fragments (-1013 and -682 bp); however, other aspects of expression were retained. |
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Expr4266
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Reporter genes that begin at -3190, -2021, -1248, and -517 bp upstream of the ATG of this alternate first exon 1 were expressed in body wall muscle cells, neurons in the head, nerve ring, ventral and dorsal nerve cords, neurons, and some epidermal cells in the tail. Weaker expression was also observed in pharyngeal muscles. The expression from promoter 2 started in the embryos at the 1.5-fold stage and was continuous throughout development. Expression from this internal promoter element is observed in vulval cells at the L4 stage and in adult hermaphrodites, including the uterine vulval cells uv1, 2, 3, and surrounding epithelium. |
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Expr4608
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Clear expression was shown in two of the hypodermal syncytia, hyp4, which surrounds the anterior part of the pharynx, and hyp7, which surrounds the mid-body region of the animal. The earliest detectable GFP expression can be observed in comma stage embryos, where there is abundant expression in the newly generated hyp4 nuclei and, albeit less frequently, in hyp7 nuclei. This expression pattern remains consistent throughout embryonic and larval development up until adulthood. There is faint expression in the hindgut, which most likely represents background expression of the reporter. |
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Expr4466
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Exclusively expressed in the pharyngeal muscle or marginal cells from the embryonic comma stage to adults. |
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Expr4517
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ife-2 is highly expressed in all somatic tissues of adult animals, including the pharynx, the intestine, body wall muscles, the hypodermis, neurons and the canal cell. Expression is high during all post-embryonic developmental stages, throughout adulthood, and is detectable in 2-fold stage embryos. |
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Clone: pUL#JRH/AF08 |
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Expr7745
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Comma stage embryos show low levels of expression in virtually all cells but higher levels in outer cells. Late stage embryos show more localized expression in cells down sides and in the head. Post-embryonically expression is seen in several cells in the head, in the excretory cell, in cells of the developing and adult vulva, in rectal epithelia, & in seam cells. |
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Expr12443
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A GFP fusion gene with 7.7 kb of nsy-4 upstream sequence was expressed beginning at the comma stage of embryogenesis and continuing until the adult. At the 2-fold stage of embryogenesis, expression was prominent in the excretory cell and in anterior epidermal cells. At the first larval stage, the nsy-4 reporter transgene was expressed in the excretory cell, in epidermal cells in the head (some or all of hyp 1-6) and tail (some or all of hyp 8-11), and in the P neuro-epidermoblasts, both before and after their ventral migration. Weak nsy-4::GFP expression was detectable in a few neurons. In three appropriate mosaic animals identified at the L1/L2 stage, nsy-4::GFP was observed in the AWC cell body. Expression was not detectable in AWC in older animals. |
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Expr3720
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In C. elegans males, nph-4::GFP expression in the head was seen in the amphid neurons, the outer labial neurons, and a cell group that could be compatible with the male-specific CEM neurons. In the male tail, nph-4::GFP expression was seen in the lumbar and cloacal ganglia. nph-4 expression in hermaphrodites was found in ciliated amphid neurons, the outer labial neurons, and the phasmid neurons in the tail. Developmental regulation of expression for nph-4::GFP was found to be similar to nph-1, appearing at the 1.5-fold stage and lasting through adulthood. |
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Picture: Fig 5G, 5H, 5I. |
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Expr9039
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The expression of nhr-206 GFP reporter transgenes starts during the comma stage of embryogenesis, and is initially seen in four unidentified cells localized in the head region. By the 2-fold stage, embryonic expression is observed in the pharynx with weaker expression in intestine. This expression pattern continues throughout all larval stages and in adults with pronounced anterior pharyngeal expression. The reporter genes were also strongly expressed in rectal gland cells, the anal sphincter, and in epidermal cells in the tail. Weaker expression was also observed in the vulva and spermatheca. In males, expression was visible in male specific neurons of the tail and rays. |
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Picture: Fig 5J, 5K, 5L. |
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Expr9040
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The expression of nhr-208 GFP reporters started in embryos at the 1.5-fold stage within the pharynx, intestinal sphincter, and epidermal cells in the tail. By the 3-fold stage of embryogenesis, additional expression was observed in rectal gland and surrounding cells. During all larval stages, strong expression of the transgenes was visible in pharyngeal and unidentified head neurons, the pharyngeal-intestinal valve cell, the posterior part of the intestine, the intestinal sphincter, two rectal gland cells, the intestinal-rectal valve cell, and the epidermal hyp10 cell. In males, the expression was seen in several rays (6-8) and other male specific neurons. |
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Picture: Fig 5M, 5N, 5O, 5P. |
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Expr9041
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The expression of nhr-207 GFP reporters began in 1.5-fold embryos in pharyngeal and epidermal cells. In 3-fold stage embryos, expression was observed in pharyngeal neurons, intestinal cells, the intestinal-rectal valve, and the sphincter. This pattern of expression was present during all larval stages and in adults. In larvae and in adults, additional expression was observed in the pharyngeal-intestinal valve and spermathecae. In males, the expression was seen in male specific neurons, including rays. |
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Feature: 'WBsf919537::pPD95.21' |
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Expr11811
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The distal enhancer activated reporter gene expression both inside and outside the pharynx. In larvae and adults, expression was observed in the m3, m4, m5, and m7 pharyngeal muscles as well as pharyngeal marginal cells, epithelial cells, and neurons. Expression was also observed outside the pharynx in the body wall muscles and the ventral nerve cord. Distal enhancer activity initiated in the pharynx at the bean stage of embryogenesis near the time that the endogenous ceh-22 gene is first expressed. |
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Expr2705
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The large majority of GFP signal, at all stages of development, is in the intestine. The first GFP signal can be detected at the 1.5-fold stage of embryogenesis; by the 3-fold stage, GFP expression is easily detected in all cells of the gut. Late in embryogenesis, GFP expression can be detected in nine nuclei in the posterior bulb of the pharynx, bracketing the pharyngeal grinder. Both gut and pharynx expression continue throughout the remaining stages of development. On the basis of nuclear position, the nine expressing cells are the two triads of m6 and m7 muscle cells, as well as the immediately posterior triad of marginal cells. |
nuclei |
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No GO_term assigned. |
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Expr2606
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Results from both GFP-expressing transgenes indicated that inx-6 is first detected during embryogenesis at the comma stage, in anterior cells that are likely to be the pharyngeal precursors. This pharynx-specific expression expands during the development of the pharynx to the end of embryogenesis, whereas inx-6 continues to be expressed in the corpus muscles and isthmus marginal cells of the pharynx throughout the larval and adult stages. |
The translational GFP fusion protein is expressed in a punctate expression pattern. |
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Expr10837
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A D2096.6::gfp reporter was expressed in wild-type embryos specifically in the pharynx at beginning approximately at the bean stage when the pharyngeal primordium forms. Expression was typically observed in one to two cells in the pharynx in one and one-half fold embryos, and no expression was observed outside the pharynx. The number of GFP-expressing cells increased and animals hatched as l1s with GFP expression in pharyngeal muscles, marginal cells, and epithelial cells. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. See Expr837, 838, 840 for Expr_pattern of the same locus. |
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Expr839
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Very strong beta-galactosidase expression in the pharynx from the comma stage of embryogenesis through late larval stages, and frequent expression was observed in muscle cells and marginal cells, while less frequent expression was observed in epithelial cells and the pharyngeal intestinal valve cells. Reporter expression was also observed outside the pharynx in a pattern similar to that of the endogenous PEB-1 protein. |
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Expr2252
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The LTD-1::GFP signal is present throughout the development of C. elegans. This signal was detected as early as the 2-fold embryo. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. Its expression is observed in the seam cells of the early embryo and in the larval stages once these cells have commenced division. The LTD-1::GFP signal is also observed in rectal epithelial cells (tentatively, U and Y cells) and in the terminal bulb (marginal cells) and isthmus of the pharynx from hatching to adulthood. |
The LTD-1::GFP construct is expressed in the apical regions of the dorsal and ventral hypodermis in very tightly organized circumferential filament bundles. This cytoskeletal expression pattern mirrors the intracellular distribution of actin and tubulin in C. elegans. In late embryos, the GFP signal is localized to the apical junction between hyp 5, hyp 6 and hyp 7 and between the seam cells and the P blast cells in the ventral midline. This signal highlights the cell fusion processes that take place during post-embryonic development. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. It clearly outlines the cytokinesis between posterior mother cells and anterior daughter cells and illustrates the subsequent fusion of the anterior daughter cells to the hypodermal syncitium. The GFP signal is also observed in longitudinal filaments within the cytoplasm linking both extremities of the elongating seam cells and in the alae formed by their fusion. |
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Operon: CEOP1368 |
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Expr9452
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Animals bearing the transcriptional and translational reporters had similar GFP expression patterns. L1 animals carrying the translation reporter expressed GFP in many neurons, including CANs, DD-type motoneurons and ALMs. Expression in the nervous system began early in comma-stage embryos and peaked in intensity around the 3-fold stage of embryogenesis. Although neuronal expression was much fainter at later larval stages, it persisted in some head and tail neurons through adulthood. Non-neuronal cells that also expressed CRML-1::GFP included the migrating distal tip cells, the pharynx, some vulval epithelial cells, rectal epithelial cells and the excretory canal. |
Sub-cellular localization within the body wall muscle: Muscle cell membrane +/- Muscle arms |
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Expr16291
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PTR- 4::SfGFP was not detected during the early part of embryogenesis but appeared by the twofold stage along the apical membranes of the epidermis, excretory duct and pore, and rectum. However, PTR-4 expression was transient and rapidly cleared prior to hatching. PTR-4 reappeared in the middle of each subsequent larval stage, during the time when precuticle is present. During L4 stage, the stage pre- ceding adulthood, PTR-4 was present on apical surfaces between the major epidermis (hyp7) and the lateral seam cells (Figure 5E), which secrete alae (as well as precuticle factors that are needed to shape alae; Lie ́geois et al. 2006; Kolotuev et al. 2009; Forman- Rubinsky et al. 2017; Cohen et al. 2019; Flatt et al. 2019). PTR-4 was also present along apical surfaces of the rectum and of some cells in the vulva, the tube through which eggs will be laid. As in embryogenesis, PTR-4 was transient and disappeared as the adult cuticle was made. Together, these observations demon- strate that PTR-4 is present on the apical surfaces of external epithelia during the time period when precuticle is present. |
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Expr9722
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Expression becomes detectable around the comma stage of embryogenesis and persists through adulthood. Expression in vulval precursor cells is strong and can first be seen in L3. PQN-47::GFP is expressed in seam cells, peaking at L2 and ceasing after the seam cells differentiate in late L4, concurrent with the appearance of alae. The intestine shows variably undetectable to low pqn-47 expression (always less than in the neurons) and gets dimmer as development progresses, especially after L3. The two bulbs of the pharynx, specifically pharyngeal muscle cells pm3-8 (not pm6), are variably bright. Overall expression levels are lower in adults than younger animals, with only some expression in head and tail neurons remaining. Head and nerve ring neurons, pharyngeal cells, ventral nerve cord cells, vulval precursor cells, seam (though interestingly not hyp7), as well as cells in the tail show the strongest pqn-47 expression. Muscle, intestine, the distal tip cells of the gonad, the spermatheca, and a large neuron that may be CAN that is essential for survival but of unknown function near the vulva (also bathed in pseudocoelom fluid, and next to the seam and canal cells), as well as a subset of the ciliated neurons of the head (amphid neurons ASI, ADL, ASK, or AWB) and tail including phasmid cilia PHA and PHB, also express pqn-47. We could not detect expression in the pharyngeal glands as reported for a different promoter pqn-47 fusion construct made as part of a high-throughput analysis of gene expression, although other tissues did show similar patterns. Promoter and translational reporters show pqn-47 expression in numerous somatic cells, including cells uniquely poised to mediate or transmit signal(s) involved in the regulation of molting, some of which have been implicated in molting. For example, many cells expressing PQN-47 have significant exposure to the pseudocoelom, and as such are candidates to transmit or detect endocrine signals; the H-shaped excretory cell and its ducts, which form extensive gap junctions with the hypodermis and lie against the pseudocoelom along the entire body of the worm (Nelson and Riddle, 1984), the head mesodermal cell (hmc) lies in the pseudocoelom up against the (excretory) gland cell and forms gap junctions with them and muscle, and the VPI cells at the juncture of the pharynx and intestine are bathed by the pseudocoelom, as well as the intestine itself. |
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