WormMine: Gene WBGene00002187

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00002187
• Gene Name: kgb-1
• Sequence Name: T07A9.3
• Brief Description: kgb-1 encodes a serine/threonine kinase that is a member of the JNK (Jun-N-terminal kinase) subfamily of MAP (mitogen-activated protein)kinases; loss of kgb-1 activity results in temperature-sensitive sterility in hermaphrodites and males; in hermaphrodites, this sterility is associated with disorganized gonads and endomitotic oocytes that have likely failed to undergo oocyte maturation; in kgb-1 mutant males, sperm is present, but is non-functional; KGB-1 interacts in vitro with all four C. elegans germline helicases, GLH-1, -2, -3, and -4, that localize to P granules in vivo; Northern analyses indicate that kgb-1 mRNA is present in both somatic and germline tissues.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding activity; JUN kinase activity; and RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including gamete generation; response to stress; and response to toxic substance. Located in cytoplasm. Expressed in several structures, including excretory cell; germ line; gonad; nerve ring; and tail ganglion.
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: IV :-26.1142 ±0.02485
• Length (nt): 4415

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00002187

Genomics

3 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:T07A9.3.1	T07A9.3.1	1587	IV: 405621-410033
Transcript:T07A9.3.3	T07A9.3.3	1511	IV: 405622-408898
Transcript:T07A9.3.2	T07A9.3.2	1620	IV: 405622-410035

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:T07A9.3	T07A9.3	1173	IV: 405948-406091

25 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00113176
• WBRNAi00052702
• WBRNAi00018330
• WBRNAi00102212
• WBRNAi00035285
• WBRNAi00077219
• WBRNAi00077222
• WBRNAi00077225
• WBRNAi00112946
• WBRNAi00113147
• WBRNAi00113093
• WBRNAi00102195
• WBRNAi00102219
• WBRNAi00087941
• WBRNAi00117987
• WBRNAi00088789
• WBRNAi00088592
• WBRNAi00088699
• WBRNAi00078450
• WBRNAi00075977
• WBRNAi00102225
• WBRNAi00102224
• WBRNAi00116173
• WBRNAi00102194
• WBRNAi00102193

75 Allele

• gk963722
• gk963025
• gk963557
• gk963558
• gk963690
• gk963402
• gk963403
• gk963324
• gk963325
• gk191986
• gk191987
• gk191988
• gk191989
• gk191990
• gk191984
• gk191985
• gk191982
• gk191983
• WBVar01607497
• WBVar01607496
• WBVar01607498
• WBVar01607493
• WBVar01607495
• WBVar01607494
• gk964391
• gk964390
• WBVar00182825
• WBVar00182826
• h9633
• gk945298

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: IV
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17493829

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00002187
• Start: 405621
• End: 410035
• Strand: -1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrIV_405274..405620
• Length (nt): 347
• Chromosome Location: IV: 405274-405620
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

156 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L1-larva_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	TGF- Dauer pathway adult transcriptional targets. Results obtained by comparing the microarray results of the dauer-constitutive mutants daf-7(e1372), daf-7(m62), and daf-1(m40) with dauer-defective mutants daf-3(mgDf90), daf-5(e1386), and daf-7(e1372);daf-3(mgDf90) double mutants at the permissive temperature, 20C, on the first day of adulthood.	SAM	WBPaper00031040:TGF-beta_adult_upregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:AVE-neuron_L1-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression glp-1(e2141); TU3401 animals comparing to in TU3401 animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065993:glp-1(e2141)_upregulated
	Genes that were upregulated in lin-15B(n744).	For each gene in each microarray hybridization experiment, the ratio of RNA levels from the two samples was transformed into a log2 value and the mean log2 ratio was calculated. The log2 ratios were normalized by print-tip Loess normalization (Dudoit and Yang, 2002). All genes with a false discovery rate of <= 5% (q <= 0.05) (Storey and Tibshirani, 2003) and a mean fold-change ratio of >= 1.5 were selected for further analysis.	WBPaper00038168:lin-15B(n744)_upregulated
	Proteins interacting with NHR-49-GFP according to co-IP and LC-MS.	N.A.	WBPaper00064071:NHR-49_interacting
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in atfs-1(cmh15) (null allele) animals comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	edgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00060909:atfs-1(cmh15)_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in mrg-1(qa6200) comparing to in control animals in primordial germ cells (PGCs) at L1 larva stage.	DESeq2(v1.32.0), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00064315:mrg-1(qa6200)_upregulated_PGCs
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_upregulated
	Strictly maternal class (SM): genes that are the subset of maternal genes that are not also classified as embryonic.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_SM
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals exposed to 0.1mM Paraquat from hatching to reaching adult stage.	DESeq2 version 1.22.2, p < 0.05	WBPaper00064716:paraquat_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Transcripts detected in body muscle nuclei according to a nuclear FACS-based strategy.	Cufflinks	WBPaper00065120:body-muscle-transcriptome
Starvation	Starvation-induced transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in post dauer animals comparing to wild type control.	edgeR	WBPaper00053713:Starvation-induced_postdauer_vs_control_upregulated
Reduced humidity (98% relative humidity).	Genes that were down-regulated after one day exposure to reduced humidity (98% relative humidity) according to microarray analysis.	Multiple hypothesis testing with the Benjamini-Hochberg correction was applied on calculated p-values. A change in the expression level was considered to be significant if the adjusted p-value was less than 0.001.	WBPaper00044578:reduced-humidity_downregulated_microarray
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in nuo-6(qm200) comparing to in N2.	Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the quasi-likeli-hood framework in edgeR package v. 3.20.1 in R v. 3.4.1.	WBPaper00053810:nuo-6(qm200)_upregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:excretory-cell_L2-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:hypodermis_L3-L4-larva_expressed

10 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031281
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr12103
• Pattern: Eggs already showed the corresponding GFP fluorescence, with more and more tissues following during development (L1 larval stage: pharynx, excretory cell, some sensory neurons; L2-L4 larval stages: intestine, rectal sensory neurons; adult worms: longitudinal muscles, gonads). The rare males showed GFP expression in their spermathecae. Within the anterior part of the nervous system, GFP expression was detected in the pharyngeal nerve ring and in some sensory neurons. Within its posterior part, lumbar ganglia and the dorso-rectal ganglion showed GFP expression.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13915
• Pattern: KGB-1::GFP demonstrated expression in the pharynx, intestine, body wall muscle, spermatheca, and sensory neurons, starting as early as the egg stage and continuing through adulthood (as previously reported, Gerke et al. 2014), and further revealed expression in the epidermis, vulva, and in what appear to be motor neurons. Localization of KGB-1 was prominent in intestinal and epidermal nuclei, in the apical membrane of intestinal cells, and along the muscle myofilaments.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13962
• Pattern: A previous study described kgb-1 expression from 1.77 Kb of its upstream sequence in the pharynx, intestine, body wall muscle, spermatheca, and sensory neurons, starting as early as the egg stage and continuing through adulthood (Gerke et al. 2014). A KGB-1::GFP fusion protein expressed from a 8.7 Kb of the kgb-1 genomic locus including 4.6 Kb of the kgb-1 upstream sequences and all introns demonstrated similar expression patterns and further revealed expression in the epidermis, vulva, and in what appear to be motor neurons. Localization of KGB-1 was prominent in intestinal and epidermal nuclei, in the apical membrane of intestinal cells, and along the muscle myofilaments.

• Primary Identifier: Expr7816
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 3C, D,E. Figure S2.
• Subcellular Localization: KGB-1 is uniformly cytoplasmic in the distal gonad, overlapping in location with GLH-1 and, like GLH-1, disperses into particles when oocytes cellularize; however, the GLH-1 and KGB-1 puncta were often distinct from one another.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1156314
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2012924
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1022674
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2031158
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr13916
• Pattern: KGB-1::GFP demonstrated expression in the pharynx, intestine, body wall muscle, spermatheca, and sensory neurons, starting as early as the egg stage and continuing through adulthood (as previously reported, Gerke et al. 2014), and further revealed expression in the epidermis, vulva, and in what appear to be motor neurons. Localization of KGB-1 was prominent in intestinal and epidermal nuclei, in the apical membrane of intestinal cells, and along the muscle myofilaments.
• Subcellular Localization: Localization of KGB-1 was prominent in intestinal and epidermal nuclei, in the apical membrane of intestinal cells, and along the muscle myofilaments.

61 GO Annotation

13 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00002187
• Start: 405621
• End: 410035
• Strand: -1

61 Ontology Annotations

1 Regulates Expr Cluster

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes that showed significantly decreased expression in kgb-1(km21) comparing to in N2 background.	two-way ANOVA with FDR of 10%.	WBPaper00050448:KGB-1-induced

1 Sequence

• Length: 4415

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

3 Strains

• WBStrain00023465
• WBStrain00023468
• WBStrain00024039

1 Upstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrIV_410036..410140
• Length (nt): 105
• Chromosome Location: IV: 410036-410140
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans