WormMine: Gene WBGene00003397

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003397
• Gene Name: mom-5
• Sequence Name: T23D8.1
• Brief Description: mom-5 encodes one of four C. elegans members of the Frizzled (Fz) family of seven transmembrane receptors; during development, MOM-5 activity is required for asymmetric cell division in the early embryo and during neuronal development, and for attachment of the pharynx to the buccal cavity; MOM-5 is also required for distal tip cell migration in the gonad and for the engulfment of apoptotic cells, indicating that the Wnt pathway signals to CED-10/Rac to regulate cytoskeletal rearrangement during different cellular processes; MOM-5::GFP is enriched at the posterior pole of cells prior to division and during later stages of embryogenesis, is found at the leading edges of epidermal cells during ventral enclosure; in neuroblasts, MOM-5 is required for proper subcellular distribution of DSH-2 to the cortex.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable Wnt receptor activity and Wnt-protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including embryonic morphogenesis; neuron migration; and regulation of locomotion. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Expressed in several structures, including QL.a; anus; gonad; nervous system; and pharynx. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Williams-Beuren syndrome; nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 1; and omodysplasia 2. Is an ortholog of human FZD1 (frizzled class receptor 1); FZD2 (frizzled class receptor 2); and FZD7 (frizzled class receptor 7).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: I :4.11985 ±0.003474
• Length (nt): 4464

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003397

Genomics

2 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:T23D8.1a.1	T23D8.1a.1	2477	I: 9965574-9970037
Transcript:T23D8.1b.1	T23D8.1b.1	2477	I: 9965580-9970037

Other

2 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:T23D8.1b	T23D8.1b	1713	I: 9965641-9966113
CDS:T23D8.1a	T23D8.1a	1707	I: 9965641-9966113

105 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00091586
• WBRNAi00091591
• WBRNAi00091590
• WBRNAi00091595
• WBRNAi00091597
• WBRNAi00099000
• WBRNAi00099002
• WBRNAi00099001
• WBRNAi00092548
• WBRNAi00092547
• WBRNAi00092549
• WBRNAi00092555
• WBRNAi00091567
• WBRNAi00102160
• WBRNAi00065951
• WBRNAi00098994
• WBRNAi00101894
• WBRNAi00101349
• WBRNAi00067378
• WBRNAi00067717
• WBRNAi00068107
• WBRNAi00026367
• WBRNAi00026368
• WBRNAi00061151
• WBRNAi00061152
• WBRNAi00004279
• WBRNAi00064660
• WBRNAi00101563
• WBRNAi00064659
• WBRNAi00064662

45 Allele

• gk962858
• gk962706
• gk963902
• gk963849
• gk962844
• WBVar01713023
• gk810621
• gk369878
• gk812
• gk900343
• gk119823
• gk929695
• gk119824
• gk827767
• gk119825
• gk119826
• gk573680
• gk378472
• gk119820
• gk819860
• gk119821
• gk752914
• gk119822
• gk451823
• or57
• ne12
• gk119827
• gk961563
• gk119828
• WBVar01831229

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: I
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15072434

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003397
• Start: 9965574
• End: 9970037
• Strand: 1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

156 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	mRNAs that showed decreased expression in 1 cell mebryo comparing to in oocyte, according to RNAseq analysis.	Gaussian error propagation. As cutoff for the up-regulated genes authors used log2 fold change > 1 and P < 0.05 and as cutoff for the down-regulated genes authors used log2 fold change < -1 and P < 0.05.	WBPaper00045420:fertilization_downregulated_transcript
	Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
25C vs. 20C	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 25C, comparing to in N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:25C_vs_20C_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
	Transcripts detected in body muscle nuclei according to a nuclear FACS-based strategy.	Cufflinks	WBPaper00065120:body-muscle-transcriptome
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
	Transcripts that were regulated by both set-6(ok2195) and baz-2(tm0235) at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	N.A.	WBPaper00059356:set-6(ok2195)_baz-2(tm0235)_regulated
Bacteria: B.thuringiensis	Transcripts in elt-2(RNAi) animals that were significantly differentially expressed at least for one time point and one pathogenic strain Bt247 and Bt679 compared to the non pathogenic strain Bt407.	Cuffdiff	WBPaper00060358:B.thuringiensis_pathogen_regulated_elt-2(RNAi)
Bacteria: B.thuringiensis	Transcripts in N2 animals that were significantly differentially expressed at least for one time point and one pathogenic strain Bt247 and Bt679 compared to the non pathogenic strain Bt407.	Cuffdiff	WBPaper00060358:B.thuringiensis_pathogen_regulated_N2
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in nhl-2(ok818) comparing to in N2 at 25C.	EdgeR, FDR < 0.05, fold change < 0.5.	WBPaper00055971:nhl-2(ok818)_25C_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed decreased expression in hlh-11(ko1) knockout strain comparing to in wild type background.	DESeq2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00060683:hlh-11(ko1)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to nitroguanidine (NQ).	Multivariate permutation tests with random variance model implemented in BRB-Array Tools version 4.5 were performed to infer differentially expressed genes (DEGs). One thousand random permutations were computed per chemical class (i.e., a group of 16 arrays or samples). The confidence level of false discovery rate assessment was set at 80%, and the maximum allowed portion of false-positive genes was 10%.	WBPaper00055899:nitroguanidine_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo stage.	DESeq2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00058691:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Genes expressed in N2.	Expressed transcripts were identified on the basis of a Present call in 3 out of 4 N2 experiments as determined by Affymetrix MAS 5.0.	WBPaper00025141:N2_Expressed_Genes
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)

13 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4442
• Pattern: T23D8.1 is expressed in a few cells in the nerve ring, putatively identified as neurons. In addition, there is also expression in the intestine, in one cell on the ventral side of the terminal pharyngeal bulb and two cells around the anus.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031569
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr15113

• Primary Identifier: Expr11481
• Pattern: Transient mom-5 expression was observed in AVG during embryogenesis.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12892
• Pattern: Variable MOM-5::GFP expression from the zuIs145 transgene was observed in many larval cells, including cells of the gonad, vulva, tail, nervous system, and hypodermis. At about 5 hr after hatching, MOM-5::GFP was prominent in lateral skin cells called V1 through V6 and T, and in a neuroblast called QL. In each of these cells, MOM-5::GFP was present as apparently random puncta on, or near, the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. When the transgenes were crossed into otherwise wild-type embryos, only faint, or no, expression of MOM-5::GFP was detectable before the AB32 stage by fluorescence microscopy or by staining with an antiserum for GFP. When visible, MOM-5::GFP appeared dispersed throughout the cytoplasm and was not noticeably associated with the cell membrane or cortex. The low level of MOM-5::GFP may mean that the protein is expressed but unstable in early embryos or that high levels of early expression were selected against in the initial generation of transgenic animals. The level of MOM-5::GFP increased markedly in most cells beginning at the AB32 stage and persisted until late in embryogenesis. Within expressing cells, MOM-5::GFP was present in a diffuse distribution throughout the cytoplasm and was enriched on or near the cell plasma membrane. In addition, MOM-5::GFP often was enriched in prominent cytoplasmic puncta. Costaining experiments showed that these puncta were closely associated with, but distinct from, centrosomes. These puncta may correspond to large secretory vesicles; however, their positions are noteworthy because MOM-5 has an essential role in determining centrosome position/spindle axis for certain embryonic blastomeres. Most cells showed comparable levels of membrane-associated MOM-5::GFP, with the following exceptions. First, the descendants of the embryonic founder blastomeres called E and C reproducibly showed less MOM-5::GFP expression than other cells. Second, postmitotic epidermal cells (ventral hypodermal cells) that spread across and enclose the ventral surface of the embryo showed a transient enrichment of MOM-5::GFP at their actin-rich leading edges. Finally, several embryos contained small groups of cells of variable identity with exceptionally high levels of MOM-5::GFP; because similar levels of expression were not observed in the same cells in other embryos at the same stage, the authors consider this a likely artifact of transgene expression. Several embryos that were costained for both GFP and POP-1 also showed exceptionally high levels of MOM-5::GFP expression in one or more groups of cells of variable identity. Although MOM-5::GFP appeared to be distributed uniformly along the membranes of most cells throughout the cell cycle, cells in prophase occasionally showed a slight enrichment of MOM-5::GFP toward the posterior pole. Cells in late prophase showed a small but consistent enrichment of MOM-5::GFP toward their posterior pole. MOM-5::GFP appeared to localize to the posterior pole approximately 3-5 min before cell division. This transient asymmetry resulted in the posterior daughter inheriting slightly more MOM-5::GFP than the anterior daughter. The a/p asymmetry in MOM-5::GFP distribution was reiterated in daughter cells monitored through successive cell divisions. MOM-5::GFP asymmetry was most apparent in dividing cells on the surface of the embryo, but could also be detected in internal cells such as those forming the pharyngeal primordium. MOM-5::GFP asymmetry was visible in the divisions of about 80% of the surface cells analyzed (n=152), and in all cases MOM-5::GFP was enriched toward the posterior pole. Although MOM-5::GFP often was distributed across the entire posterior surface of a dividing cell, in many cases it appeared to be concentrated into a distinct posterior focus prior to division.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4029
• Remark: Curated by authors based on online in-situ hybridization database (Y. Kohara, personal communication; http://nematode.lab.nig.ac.jp).
• Pattern: Broadly expressed in gonad.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12069
• Pattern: mom-5 is expressed in the Q neuroblasts and their descendants. Quantification of mom-5 mRNA spots revealed that mom-5 is expressed at a significantly higher level in the QR descendants than in the lineally equivalent QL descendants. Furthermore, the expression of mom-5 gradually increases in the QR lineage (average of 2.9 +/- 2.2 transcripts in QR, 7.8 +/- 6.2 transcripts in QR.p, and 21 +/- 4.6 transcripts in QR.pa, n > 20).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2013658
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr16069
• Pattern: mom-5 is expressed in DTC.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11485
• Subcellular Localization: When expressed in the mechanosensory neurons, MOM-5 is highly enriched at the plasma membrane.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1157463
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2031892
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1024852
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

64 GO Annotation

23 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003397
• Start: 9965574
• End: 9970037
• Strand: 1

64 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 4464

1 Sequence Ontology Term