WormMine

WS294

Intermine data mining platform for C. elegans and related nematodes

Gene :

WormBase Gene ID  ? WBGene00003920 Gene Name  par-5
Sequence Name  ? M117.2 Brief Description  PAR-5 encodes one of two C. elegans 14-3-3 proteins; par-5 is essential for early embryonic development, particularly for early embryonic asymmetry; PAR-5 also functions in a Wnt/MAPK signaling pathway to regulate the nuclear level of the POP-1/TCF transcription factor; PAR-5 has been shown to physically interact with a number of proteins, including those involved in G protein signaling pathways and regulation of adult lifespan.
Organism  Caenorhabditis elegans Automated Description  Involved in several processes, including cell fate commitment; determination of adult lifespan; and establishment of localization in cell. Located in cell cortex and nucleus. Expressed in head neurons. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including carcinoma (multiple); ovarian cancer; and urinary bladder cancer. Is an ortholog of human YWHAB (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein beta) and YWHAZ (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta).
Biotype  SO:0001217 Genetic Position  IV :5.3063 ±0.001806
Length (nt)  ? 1419
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1 Organism

Name Taxon Id
Caenorhabditis elegans 6239

1 Synonyms

Value
WBGene00003920

Genomics

5 Transcripts

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
Transcript:M117.2a.2 M117.2a.2 1150   IV: 11820506-11821917
Transcript:M117.2a.3 M117.2a.3 1252   IV: 11820506-11821917
Transcript:M117.2a.1 M117.2a.1 1106   IV: 11820506-11821917
Transcript:M117.2a.4 M117.2a.4 1214   IV: 11820507-11821924
Transcript:M117.2b.1 M117.2b.1 381   IV: 11820991-11821418
 

Other

2 CDSs

WormMine ID Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location
CDS:M117.2a M117.2a 747   IV: 11820991-11821284
CDS:M117.2b M117.2b 381   IV: 11820991-11821284

81 RNAi Result

WormBase ID
WBRNAi00066493
WBRNAi00066492
WBRNAi00091272
WBRNAi00091271
WBRNAi00091274
WBRNAi00081760
WBRNAi00066940
WBRNAi00066974
WBRNAi00067209
WBRNAi00067268
WBRNAi00067294
WBRNAi00067503
WBRNAi00067563
WBRNAi00067647
WBRNAi00067719
WBRNAi00067842
WBRNAi00069772
WBRNAi00069777
WBRNAi00091302
WBRNAi00076579
WBRNAi00083403
WBRNAi00087581
WBRNAi00087582
WBRNAi00083426
WBRNAi00027621
WBRNAi00050957
WBRNAi00066490
WBRNAi00066497
WBRNAi00066496
WBRNAi00081433

23 Allele

Public Name
gk964278
gk964078
gk964500
gk962765
gk946671
it55
lw19
WBVar02088278
it121
WBVar01858570
lw23
WBVar01858571
WBVar01858572
WBVar01858573
gk546683
gk666624
gk562472
gk374498
gk910156
gk333822
gk403174
gk499533
gk791845

1 Chromosome

WormBase ID Organism Length (nt)
IV Caenorhabditis elegans 17493829  

1 Chromosome Location


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00003920 11820506 11821924 -1

4 Data Sets

Name URL
WormBaseAcedbConverter  
GO Annotation data set  
C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)  
Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions  

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

WormBase ID Name Sequence Name Length (nt) Chromosome Location Organism
intergenic_region_chrIV_11819759..11820505   747 IV: 11819759-11820505 Caenorhabditis elegans

195 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment Description Algorithm Primary Identifier
  oocyte proteins identified by two or more unique peptides during proteomics study. In the pooled data set, 1453 C. elegans proteins were identified with a probability >= 0.9 according to ProteinProphet, of which 1165 proteins were identified by more than one unique peptide. WBPaper00038289:oocyte_protein
  Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells. DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction. WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
  Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons. DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1. WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C. N.A. WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
  Proteins interacting with NHR-49-GFP according to co-IP and LC-MS. N.A. WBPaper00064071:NHR-49_interacting
  Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
  Genes significantly enriched in NSM neurons (isolated by FACS) versus the reference, according to RNAseq analysis towards total RNA. Gene expression quantification and differential expression was analyzed using cufflinks v2.2.1. Enriched contains only genes significantly enriched (differentially expressed >= 2.4 fold in total RNA or >= 3.2 fold in DSN treated total RNA) in the NSM neurons versus the reference. WBPaper00045974:NSM_enriched_totalRNA_RNAseq
  Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
  Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates. A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing. [cgc5767]:expression_class_M
  Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
  Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging. Cufflinks FPKM value >=1. WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
  Strictly maternal class (SM): genes that are the subset of maternal genes that are not also classified as embryonic. A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing. [cgc5767]:expression_class_SM
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq. Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01. WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
  Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage. DESeq WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
  Transcripts depleted in purified oocyte P bodies comparing to in whole oocytes. DESeq2, FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2. WBPaper00065975:P-body_vs_oocyte_depleted
  Transcripts detected in body muscle nuclei according to a nuclear FACS-based strategy. Cufflinks WBPaper00065120:body-muscle-transcriptome
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
Temprature shift to 28C for 24 hours. Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were exposed to 28C temperature for 24 hours. Differentially expressed genes wereidentified using DESeq (v.1.18.0) by normalizing readsbased on the negative binomial distribution method andcomparing each HS timepoint to the 0-h control. WBPaper00061341:28C_24h_downregulated
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:excretory-cell_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:glr-1(+)-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
  Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference). A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes. WBPaper00037950:intestine_L2-larva_expressed

13 Expression Patterns

Remark Reporter Gene Primary Identifier Pattern Subcellular Localization
    Expr4514 PAR-5::GFP is expressed in many neurons in the head surrounding the pharynx. PAR-5::GFP expression is also absent in the pharynx. Diffuse distribution in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
    Expr1031853 Tiling arrays expression graphs  
This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope). see Expr680 for Northern analysis result.   Expr679 Using probe that hybridizes to all three transcripts. In one cell embryo, high levels of ftt-1 transcripts found uniformly throughout the cell. At 1-fold embryonic stage, transcript level decreases as embryo develops until no longer detected at the 1.5-fold stage. ftt-1 transcripts detected throughout entire gonad without any obvious subcellular localisation patterns. Most abundant in distal mitotic region and their concentration gradually decreases throughout the syncytial pachytene region and into maturing oocytes. No expression seen in the distal tip cell.  
14-3-3 proteins include PAR-5 and FTT-2. Type: Cell fractionation experiments.   Expr3992   To see whether 14-3-3 proteins are present in C. elegans nuclei, authors performed cell fractionation experiments. 14-3-3 proteins were present in both nuclear and cytosolic fractions.
    Expr14502 A single copy transgenic reporter for par-5 is expressed in germ cells.  
    Expr1154658 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015  
    Expr2032964 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
This information was extracted from published material (Archana Sharma-Oates, Andrew Mounsey and Ian A. Hope).   Expr680 3 transcripts detected 0.9 kb, 1.35 kb and 1.5 kb. 0.9 kb transcript is most abundant. Embryo all three transcripts most abundant L1 4-fold drop in 0.9 kb transcript level, 3.5-fold drop in 1.35 kb transcript level and 10-fold drop in 1.5 kb transcript level. After L1 - L4 larval stages, the levels of 0.9 kb and 1.35 kb transcripts increase. 1.5 kb transcript remains low. Adult 0.9 kb and 1.35 kb transcript levels drop. 1.5 kb transcript remains low.  
    Expr2014730 Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).  
    Expr3588   Diffuse in nerve cords.
    Expr11976 par-5 mRNA isoform selection seemed constant in worms of the same stage but varied considerably during development: total par-5 mRNA abundance decreased during embryogenesis, but the relative amounts of par-5::utr.1 and par-5::utr.2 increased significantly, peaking at the first larval stage. During postembryonic development, par-5 mRNA isoform selection shifted progressively toward the short 3' UTR isoform, par-5::utr.3, in line with the general tendency for C. elegans 3' UTRs (Mangone et al., 2010). This elaborates the results of Wang and Shakes (1997), indicating that both par-5 isoform selection and mRNA expression change during development.A progressive increase in PAR-5 protein levels could also be observed during embryogenesis, coincident with an increased contribution of par-5::utr.2.  
    Expr14428   PAR-5::GFP localized around the metaphase plate, to the centrosomes, to the spindle midzone, to the midbody, and faintly along the cleavage furrow in telophase, very similarly to ATX-2.
    Expr1015069 Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012  

31 GO Annotation

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  involved_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
occurs_in(GO:0005634) enables
  enables
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
has_input(WB:WBGene00004077) involved_in

29 Homologues

Type
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue
orthologue

1 Locations


Feature . Primary Identifier
Start End Strand
WBGene00003920 11820506 11821924 -1

31 Ontology Annotations

Annotation Extension Qualifier
  involved_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  located_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  enables
  enables
occurs_in(GO:0005634) enables
  enables
  enables
  enables
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
  involved_in
has_input(WB:WBGene00004077) involved_in

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

Length
1419

1 Sequence Ontology Term