WormMine: Gene WBGene00006743

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00006743
• Gene Name: unc-3
• Sequence Name: Y16B4A.1
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity; histone acetyltransferase binding activity; and identical protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including dauer larval development; neuron differentiation; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleus. Expressed in ABalappaap; ABalappaapp; and neurons. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in hypotonia, ataxia, and delayed development syndrome. Is an ortholog of several human genes including EBF1 (EBF transcription factor 1); EBF2 (EBF transcription factor 2); and EBF4 (EBF family member 4).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: X :21.3208 ±0.014822
• Length (nt): 10031

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00006743

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:Y16B4A.1.1	Y16B4A.1.1	2052	X: 14773538-14783568

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:Y16B4A.1	Y16B4A.1	1476	X: 14773591-14773676

10 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00089778
• WBRNAi00055554
• WBRNAi00008787
• WBRNAi00062789
• WBRNAi00020068
• WBRNAi00027739
• WBRNAi00115872
• WBRNAi00090014
• WBRNAi00090173
• WBRNAi00090332

232 Allele

• gk964260
• gk964029
• gk962707
• gk964028
• gk963810
• gk963581
• WBVar01928598
• WBVar01928599
• WBVar01928600
• gk721116
• gk301829
• gk751070
• gk301837
• gk301843
• gk301842
• gk301845
• gk301844
• gk301839
• gk301838
• gk301841
• gk301840
• gk301846
• gk301847
• gk301821
• gk301820
• gk301823
• gk301822
• gk301817
• gk301819
• gk301818

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: X
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17718942

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006743
• Start: 14773538
• End: 14783568
• Strand: 1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_14783569..14787010
• Length (nt): 3442
• Chromosome Location: X: 14783569-14787010
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

191 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts of coding genes that showed significantly decreased expression in muscle.	DESeq2 (version 1.24.0). Transcripts with a false-discovery rate adjusted p-value less than 0.05 were considered significantly differentially expressed.	WBPaper00062325:muscle_depleted_coding-RNA
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage.	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_larva_enriched
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:AVE-neuron_L1-larva_expressed
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
	Neuronally enriched transcripts according to a comparison of neuronal nuclei IP samples to total nuclei using isolation of nuclei from tagged specific cell types (INTACT) technology.	DESEQ2, fold change > 2 and FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00062103:neuron_enriched
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin and 250uM Allantoin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin-Allantoin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50mM Metformin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Metformin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in rrf-3(pk1426) comparing to in N2 at embryo stage.	DESeq2v 1.18.1, fold change > 1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00056169:rrf-3(pk1426)_upregulated_embryo
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after four-day-old young adult worms were placed on NGM plates seeded with OP50 in the presence 5% Agaro-oligosaccharides(AGO) for 24 h, comparing to animals grown in the absence of AGO.	Fold change > 2.	WBPaper00064306:Agaro-oligosaccharides_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hpk-1(pk1393) comparing to in N2 at adult day 2.	DESeq 2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00065581:hpk-1(pk1393)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-1(ne4752[3xFLAG-Degron-HDA-1]) in gonads dissected from 1-day old adult animals.	Salmon was used to map the mRNA-seq reads with the worm database WS268, and its output files were imported to DESeq2 in R. The differentially expressed genes were filtered by fold change more than 2 and adjusted p-value < 0.05. The scatter plots were generated by the plot function in R.	WBPaper00061479:hda-1(ne4752)_upregulated
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L3/L4 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:dopaminergic-neurons_L3-L4-larva_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (L2 all cell reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:glr-1(+)-neurons_L2-larva_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ilc-17.1(syb5296) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066594:ilc-17.1(syb5296)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-2(ok1479) comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (version 1.28.1), FDR < 0.01, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00062159:hda-2(ok1479)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in srbc-48(ac23);kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts) comparing to in kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts), 24h after infection with P.aeruginosa.	DESeq2, FDR <0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00059664:srbc-48(ac23)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in dpy-21(e428) comparing to in N2 during L3 stage.	DESeq v1.6.3. Fold change > 1.5.	WBPaper00050370:dpy-21(e428)_L3_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in set-2(tm1630) animals at embryo stage, comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (v2.1.8.3) was used to determine DE genes and to generate principal component and scatter plots. DE genes with FDR < 0.05 were analysed using g:Profiler with Bonferroni correction.	WBPaper00060014:set-2(tm1630)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(+), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(+)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(-), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(-)_vs_control_day2-adult

13 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr12722

• Primary Identifier: Expr1427
• Remark: CeO/E = unc-3 in this article.
• Pattern: Antibodies directed against the C terminus of CeO/E were used to confirm the GFP reporter experiments and examine the expression of CeO/E in early development. Anti-CeO/E staining were observed in 8 nuclei in the 400- to 550-cell embryo, the stage during which the embryonic motor neurons are first formed. The CeO/E-expressing cells were located in positions consistent with motor neurons destined for the ventral cord: initially located on the posterior side close to the periphery of the embryo and subsequently converging toward the ventral midline. By comma stage, the number of CeO/E-expressing cells increased to 16 and these cells became positioned along the presumptive ventral cord, again consistent with their identification as embryonic motor neurons. In late stage embryos and early L1 larvae, 16 cells expressed CeO/E at high levels along the ventral cord, in addition to at least 6 faintly immunoreactive cells also located along the ventral cord in the head and tail regions. CeO/E expression was observed in two cells outside of the ventral cord. Using the CeO/E antibody, expression in these cells was first detected in 400 to 550-cell stage in the most anterior region of the embryo. By comma stage, the immunoreactive nuclei were located closer to the ventral cord in a position consistent with that of the ASI amphid neurons. These cells continued to stain with anti-CeO/E antibody and expressed unc-3::GFP throughout development. These cells were confirmed as ASI neurons by staining adult worms expressing unc-3::GFP with DiI. In all lines, expression of unc-3::GFP was first observed in late stage embryos (3-fold) in neurons of the ventral cord. In L1 larvae, 16 cells were counted that expressed unc-3::GFP among the 22 embryonic motor neurons present in the ventral cord at this stage. By late L1 and early L2, when 57 new motor neurons are added to the ventral cord, an increase was observed in the number of GFP-positive cells. In two lines expressing GFP from an extrachromosomal array, there are up to 41 ventral cord motor neurons expressing the reporter at similar intensity. In the integrated line examined, the 23 VA and VB motor neurons expressed GFP at high levels, while 3 strongly staining and up to 11 additional faintly expressing cells were also detected. High levels of expression were maintained in these neurons through the L3 stage, but diminished in later stages. No GFP expression was observed in the ventral cord of a majority of adult worms. The P neuroblast divides to generate hypodermal cells and 3 to 5 neurons, each belonging to a different class of postembryonic ventral cord neurons (VA, VB, VC, VD or AS). During this time, CeO/E staining in the embryonic motor neurons decreased in intensity. More than 40 ventral cord motor neurons stained prominently in L2 and later stages. clusters of 3 to 5 cells were frequently observed along the ventral cord expressing CeO/E.
• Subcellular Localization: nuclei

• Primary Identifier: Expr12257
• Pattern: During embryogenesis, at the pre-comma stage, the GFP signal was first observed in the RID precursor (ABalappaap) before its final round of cell division. After the division, GFP signals were observed in both progenies. After the RID sister cell had undergone programmed cell death, the RID terminal differentiation marker Pceh-10::wCherry was observed in the surviving cell. Coexpression of the ceh-10 and unc-3 reporters in the RID neuron persisted into the larval stage. Similar to what has been reported previously (Prasad et al., 1998, 2008; Kratsios et al., 2012), the unc-3 fosmid reporter also exhibited expression in cholinergic motor neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15003

• Primary Identifier: Expr2036008
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032818
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr12351
• Pattern: L1 animals showed expression of unc-3 in the embryonic DA and DB motor neurons shortly after hatching; no staining of the DD neurons was detected. L2 and L3 animals showed bright staining of the VA and VB motor neurons but not of the precursor cell that generated them. Staining of the VC, VD or DD motor neurons was never observed. Staining remained readily detectable in the motor neurons of adult animals, although at lower levels than in L2 animals. In summary, UNC-3 was detected in the class A and B motor neurons but not in the class D or VC neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12283
• Pattern: unc-3 is expressed in SAB neurons during larval (L1 and L4) stages. Expression of unc-3 was also detected in SABV and SABD neurons during adult stages. unc-3 is not expressed in postsynaptic muscle cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13351
• Pattern: A 1 kb unc-3 promoter drives expression in cholinergic, but not GABAergic, motor neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1011922
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2017872
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1159055
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Chronogram1908
• Remark: Original chronogram file: chronogram.829.xml
• Reporter Gene: [Y16B4A.1:gfp] transcriptional fusion.

20 GO Annotation

15 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006743
• Start: 14773538
• End: 14783568
• Strand: 1

20 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 10031

1 Sequence Ontology Term