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GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
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GO:0008150
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biological_process
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A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. |
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GO:0003674
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molecular_function
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A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. |
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GO:0003824
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catalytic activity
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Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. |
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GO:0016787
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hydrolase activity
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Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. |
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GO:0005488
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binding
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The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. |
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GO:0140096
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catalytic activity, acting on a protein
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Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein. |
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GO:0005515
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protein binding
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Binding to a protein. |
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GO:0098772
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molecular function regulator activity
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A molecular function regulator regulates the activity of its target via non-covalent binding that does not result in covalent modification to the target. Examples of molecular function regulators include regulatory subunits of multimeric enzymes and channels. Mechanisms of regulation include allosteric changes in the target and competitive inhibition. |
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GO:0140677
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molecular function activator activity
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A molecular function regulator that activates or increases the activity of its target via non-covalent binding that does not result in covalent modification to the target. |
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GO:0019899
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enzyme binding
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Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. |
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GO:0030234
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enzyme regulator activity
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Binds to and modulates the activity of an enzyme. |
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GO:0006915
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apoptotic process
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A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
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GO:0008219
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cell death
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Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). |
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GO:0012501
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programmed cell death
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A process which begins when a cell receives an internal or external signal and activates a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway). The process ends with the death of the cell. |
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GO:0002020
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protease binding
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Binding to a protease or a peptidase. |
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GO:0008233
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peptidase activity
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Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid. |
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GO:0061134
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peptidase regulator activity
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Binds to and modulates the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. |
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GO:0008047
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enzyme activator activity
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Binds to and increases the activity of an enzyme. |
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GO:0016505
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peptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process
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Binds to and increases the activity of a peptidase that is involved in the apoptotic process. |
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GO:0016504
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peptidase activator activity
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Binds to and increases the activity of a peptidase. |
