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Expr4864
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.0) and larva (2.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, DD, VD, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Pharyngeal muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.7) and larva (3.5). |
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Expr4865
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.8). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, VD, AS, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Head muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.5). |
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Expr4868
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (5.1) and larva (1.7). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, VA, VB, VD. Also expressed in other cells: Intestine, hypodermis. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.9) and larva (2.7). |
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Expr4862
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.9) and larva (2.1). Neuronal expression include: DA, VB, DB, VD, DD, bright in AS, also head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (3.5). |
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Expr4856
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A-class motor neuron: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (1.9). Neuronal expression include: L2 -- DA, VA, VB, VD, bright in touch neurons, head and tail neurons L3 -- all ventral cord motor neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (5.9). |
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Expr4851
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.7); not expressed in larva. Neuronal expression include: DA, VD, AS, VB, DB. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (2.7). |
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Expr4845
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A-class motor neuron: expressed in larva; enriched in embryo (2,5). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, VD, AS head and tail neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Body muscle, head muscle, pharyngeal muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (2.1) and larva (1.8). |
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Expr4846
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A-class motor neuron: not expressed in embryo or larva. Neuronal expression include: All VNC motor neuron classes, except DD, head and tail neurons. Pan-neuronal: enriched in larva (4.9); not expressed in embryo. |
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Expr4847
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A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (2.3); not expressed in larva. Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VD, AS. Pan-neuronal: enriched in larva (1.7); not expressed in embryo. |
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Picture: Fig. 7. |
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Expr4376
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ceGAT-1 is expressed in all of the GABA-ergic neurons. These GFP-positive neurons include the VD and DD neurons in the ventral cord, the RMED, RMEV, RMEL, RMER, AVL, and RIS neurons in the head area and the DVB neuron in the tail region. There are two additional GFP-positive neurons in the tail region. These two neurons are PVQR and PVQL. The identity of these GFP-positive neurons were confirmed by epifluorescence microscopy and by the location of the neurons as revealed by a combination of Nomarski-differential interference contrast microscopic observation and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclei-staining method. This expression pattern is evident from the early larva stage through the adult stage. An identical expression pattern was observed with at least 10 transgenic animals. |
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[lin-17::tagRFP] translational fusion was generated from lin-17::gfp (Wu and Herman, 2006). |
Expr10753
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LIN-17::tagRFP was present in the cell body and neurites of the VD neurons. LIN-17::tagRFP was also present in other parts of the animal including neurons, muscles and epithelium |
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Expr10058
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lin-14 was broadly expressed in C. elegans neurons, with strong expression in neurons starting in the late embryonic stage. Analysis of the expression patterns of lin-14 and lin-4 revealed overlapping expression of the two genes in several neurons, including AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM, DD, VD, DA, DB, SDQR, HSN, and PQR. |
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Expr14481
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pde-4 was expressed in DD MNs and several other neurons in the L1 stage. Interestingly, pde-4 expression in DD MNs decreased gradually beginning in the late L1 stage. In adults, pde-4 expression was high in VD MNs, while its expression in DD MNs had diminished. |
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Expr859
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cle-1AGFP expression was first detected in comma stage ( 390min) embryos in cephalic neurons. Expression in interneurons and rectal epithelial cells is seen by the 2-fold stage, 60 min later, and continues through larval and adult stages. cle-1BGFP expression was first observed at the 3-fold stage ( 520 min) of embryogenesis in four neurons of the lateral ganglia and in the DD dorsal motorneurons. The postembryonic VD dorsal motorneurons also express cle-1BGFP starting in the second larval stage, and this pattern persists through larval and adult stages. cle-1CGFP expression is first seen in comma stage embryos in pharynx and body wall muscles and later appears in the canal-associated neurons (CAN), head mesodermal cell, accessory muscles, and intestine. During larval development, expression is restricted to the ventral GLR glia like cells, the canal-associated neurons, and the head mesodermal cell. Beginning in the late fourth larval stage and continuing through adult, cle-1CGFP expression appears in somatic sheath cells of the gonad and reappears in body wall muscles. |
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Picture: Figure 8. Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr7975
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Expressed in head neurons, DDs, VDs. Also expressed in head muscle, hypodermis. |
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Picture: Figure 8. Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr7965
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Expressed in AS, VD, VB, VA, head and tail neurons. Also expressed in intestine, head muscle, gonadal sheath cell. |
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Legacy Data: "Bauer PK" "Mounsey A" "Royall CM" "Hope IA" Date 1997-07. |
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Expr94
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Expression of this neural pattern is first seen prior to the embryonic comma stage, and extends through to adulthood. Strong staining is seen in the ventral nerve cord and its cell bodies, in the retrovesicular ganglion, the circumpharyngeal nerve ring, and in the rectal muscle group involved in defecation (anal depressor, sphincter muscle and intestinal muscle). The DVB neuron which innervates this muscle group also exhibits staining. Weaker staining can be observed in the dorsal nerve cord and in some commissures possibly of VD or DD type. Staining appears to be in foci along the commissures. |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8671
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm5, pm6, pm7, pm8, g2, rectal gland cells. Weak or rare expression in anterior arcades, posterior arcades, pm2, pm3, pm4, M3, MC, intestine, rectal epithelial cells. Expression in the nervous system: CEPsh, ALN, ASn, CAN, DAn, DBn, DDn, DVA, DVB, HSN, PDE, PLM, PVQ, PVR, PVT, URB, VAn, VBn, VDn, M3, MC. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in spermatheca, vulval muscle, HSN. In developing larva stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle, HSN. inx-3 was expressed broadly during early embryogenesis. After the beginning of morphogenesis, inx-3 expression becomes more restricted to the pharynx, hypodermis, and intestine. By three-fold stage inx-3 expression appears in ventral cord motor neurons (strongest in DA neurons) along with continued strong pharyngeal expression. By hatching, its hypodermal expression disappears, while postembryonically born ventral cord motor neurons express it at low levels. Its pharyngeal (strong) and neuronal (faint) expressions continue to adulthood. |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8682
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Weak or rare expression in pm5, pm6, pm7. Expression in the nervous system: DDn, VDn. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle. |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8694
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in M5, I1, I3, I6, NSM. Weak or rare expression in posterior arcades. Expression in the nervous system: Phsh, ADA, ADE, ADL, AIN, AIY, ALM, AUA, AVA, AVD, AVH, AVJ, AVK, AVM, AWB, BDU, CAN, CEP, DAn, DBn, DDn, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, IL1, IL2, LUA, OLL, PDA, PDB, PDE, PHA, PHB, PHC, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVD, PVM, PVN, PVP, PVQ, PVR, PVT, PVW, RIB, RIC, RIF, RIP, RIS, RME, SDQ, SIA (early larva), SIB (early larva), SMB (early larva), SMD (early larva), URA, URB, VAn, VBn, VCn, VDn, M5, I1, I6, NSM. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle, HSN, VCn. In developing larva stage, expressed in HSN, VCn, and anchor cell. |
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Expr14140
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ASI (dim), BAG, (I4), 3 more head neuron pairs, DD, VD, Amso, PHsh or Phso |
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Expr3012
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Expressed in AUA, BAG, DA, DD, DVB, LUA, PHC, PVC, SAB, URX, VD, uv1, head muscle. Faint or variable expression observed in socket cells. Male specific expression in Ray 4. |
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Temporal description |
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Expr11860
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Fluorescence was observed in all developmental stages after hatching with strong expression in the nervous system and the somatic gonad during L2-L4 larval stages. Additionally, GFP signals were detected in the uterus as well as in the spermatheca of adult worms. Strong riok-1 expression was seen in the head neurons required for chemotaxis like the AWC neurons, the nerve ring (RID/RIF neurons), in inhibitory motor neurons (DA/DD/VA/VD), mechanosensory neurons (ALML/PLML), as well as in the tail sensory neurons (DVA/PDA). GFP was also detected in both nerve cords and associated commissures. In the L2-larva, GFP expression was observed in the somatic gonad as well as in the ventral nerve cord. In the L3-larva, riok-1 expression is maintained in the somatic gonad in ventral uterine (VU/AC) cells. After commitment, riok-1 is expressed in the anchor cell. In contrast, GFP expression could not be detected in the ventral precursor cells (VPCs) in the hypodermis. In the L4-larva, riok- 1 is expressed in the vulF cells of the vulva, cells of the uterus and the uterine seam cells (utse). In young adult worms, the riok-1 expression is maintained in the cells of vulva and the uterus. |
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Expr10057
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lin-4 is abundantly expressed in L1 larvae in many tissues, including muscles, hypodermal cells, and neurons in the head, the tail, the ventral nerve cord, the anterior body, and the mid-body. The lin-4 promoter reporter expression was broader and generally stronger during the L1 stage than in the embryonic stage. The lin-4 promoter reporter was expressed in lateral ganglion neurons (ADL, AWB, AWC, AFD), ventral nerve cord neurons (DA, DB, DD, VD), anterior-body region neurons (SDQR), tail neurons (PQR), touch neurons (AVM, PVM, ALM, PLM), and HSN neurons. |
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Data modified according to Shawn Lockery's expression pattern curations. |
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Expr328
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UNC-30 is found in the nuclei of the D neurons. IN L1 worms anti-UNC-30 stained the 6 DD neurons and in L2 worm, stained 6 DD neurons and 13 VD neurons. UNC-30 protein were maintained at low level during L3 and later stages.Anti-UNC-30 also stained a pair of nuclei in the preanal ganglion of L1 and L2 animals, corresponding to the position of PVP. In addition, four nuclei in the head of L1 and L2 are weakly stained, identified as ASGL, ASGR, RIH and RID. |
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Expr14654
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The male-specific neuronal expression of lin-29a is not observed in male-specific neurons but is, interestingly, entirely restricted to sex-shared neurons (i.e. neurons that are generated in both sexes). Intriguingly, most of these neurons had not been previously reported to show sexually dimorphic gene expression patterns or functions. Specifically, 21 out of 116 sex-shared neuron classes express lin-29a, including seven sensory neuron classes in the head and tail (AWA, ASG, ASJ, ASK, ADF, PHB, PLM), seven interneuron classes (AVA, RIA, AIM, AVG, RIF, PVC, PVN), a few head and tail motor neurons (SAB, PDA, PDB) and most of the sex-shared ventral nerve cord motor neurons (dorsal and ventral A, B and D-type and AS neurons). Expression of lin-29a in all these neurons in the male nervous system is precisely temporally controlled; it is first observed in the early L4 stage and persists throughout adulthood. |
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Expr2257
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Rescued transgenic animals showed NPR-1::GFP fluorescence predominantly in the nervous system. The NPR-1::GFP-expressing cells in the head were identified as sensory neurons AQR, ASE, ASG, ASH (L4/adult stages only), URX, IL2L/R and OLQ (with its socket and sheath cells), the interneurons AUA and SAAD, the motor neurons RMG and SMBD, and the pharyngeal neuron M3. In the ventral nerve cord, expression was observed in the GABA-containing VD and DD motoneurons. In the tail, expression was seen in the sensory neurons PQR, PHA and PHB. The interneurons RIV, RIG and SDQ was also identified as expressing NPR-1::GFP. For most neurons, expression was seen throughout post-embryonic life, usually in both partners of bilaterally symmetrical neuron pairs. NPR-1::GFP fluorescence was also seen in a muscle in the terminal bulb of the pharynx, and sometimes in the excretory duct cell and excretory canal. |
NPR-1::GFP fluorescence was visible on neuron cell bodies, axons and dendrites. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
pR13A14lacZ expression pattern were also characterized in a strain in which the reporter construct was stably integrated into the genome (ZB167), which gave results consistent with those observed for mosaic animals. An identical expression profile was observed when a second fusion, including 2.5 kb upstream of the predicted initiation codon, was assayed. |
Expr1615
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pR13A14lacZ activity is apparent in the embryo and is first detected during the 3-fold stage, about 300 min prior to hatching. This staining is likely to occur in the embryonically derived DA, DB, and/or DD motor neurons. Beta-galactosidase activity is observed in additional neurons later in development and peaks during the L2 stage when intense staining of sensory neurons, interneurons in the nerve ring, and motor neurons in the ventral nerve cord are apparent. Strong staining persists into adulthood. Among the neurons that express pR13A14lacZ are the ASH and FLP sensory neurons, the PVM touch neuron, the PVC, AVB, AVA, and AVD command interneurons, and the PDA, PDB, DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, and VD classes of motor neurons. Additional neurons situated either within or in the vicinity of the nerve ring express the R13A1_4 reporter gene. In summary, R13A1_4 expression is neuron specific and restricted to about 45 cells. |
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Expr13957
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Using a fosmid-based GFP translational fusion, we found that zag-1 was expressed in the six TRNs but not in the FLP and PVD neurons. In addition to TRNs, zag-1 was expressed in the AIB, AIM, AIN, AIZ, AVA, AVB, AVD, AVE, AVG, AVK, AVL, M4, M5, RIA, RIB, RIF, RIG, RIM, RIV, RMD, RME, RMF, RMH, SIA, and SMD neurons in the head, all the DD, VD, and VC neurons in the ventral cord, and the DVA, DVB, LUA, PDA, PVC, PVP, PVQ, PVR, and PVT neurons in the tail. zag-1 is also expressed in the serotonergic HSN neurons. |
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CeO/E = unc-3 in this article. |
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Expr1427
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Antibodies directed against the C terminus of CeO/E were used to confirm the GFP reporter experiments and examine the expression of CeO/E in early development. Anti-CeO/E staining were observed in 8 nuclei in the 400- to 550-cell embryo, the stage during which the embryonic motor neurons are first formed. The CeO/E-expressing cells were located in positions consistent with motor neurons destined for the ventral cord: initially located on the posterior side close to the periphery of the embryo and subsequently converging toward the ventral midline. By comma stage, the number of CeO/E-expressing cells increased to 16 and these cells became positioned along the presumptive ventral cord, again consistent with their identification as embryonic motor neurons. In late stage embryos and early L1 larvae, 16 cells expressed CeO/E at high levels along the ventral cord, in addition to at least 6 faintly immunoreactive cells also located along the ventral cord in the head and tail regions. CeO/E expression was observed in two cells outside of the ventral cord. Using the CeO/E antibody, expression in these cells was first detected in 400 to 550-cell stage in the most anterior region of the embryo. By comma stage, the immunoreactive nuclei were located closer to the ventral cord in a position consistent with that of the ASI amphid neurons. These cells continued to stain with anti-CeO/E antibody and expressed unc-3::GFP throughout development. These cells were confirmed as ASI neurons by staining adult worms expressing unc-3::GFP with DiI. In all lines, expression of unc-3::GFP was first observed in late stage embryos (3-fold) in neurons of the ventral cord. In L1 larvae, 16 cells were counted that expressed unc-3::GFP among the 22 embryonic motor neurons present in the ventral cord at this stage. By late L1 and early L2, when 57 new motor neurons are added to the ventral cord, an increase was observed in the number of GFP-positive cells. In two lines expressing GFP from an extrachromosomal array, there are up to 41 ventral cord motor neurons expressing the reporter at similar intensity. In the integrated line examined, the 23 VA and VB motor neurons expressed GFP at high levels, while 3 strongly staining and up to 11 additional faintly expressing cells were also detected. High levels of expression were maintained in these neurons through the L3 stage, but diminished in later stages. No GFP expression was observed in the ventral cord of a majority of adult worms. The P neuroblast divides to generate hypodermal cells and 3 to 5 neurons, each belonging to a different class of postembryonic ventral cord neurons (VA, VB, VC, VD or AS). During this time, CeO/E staining in the embryonic motor neurons decreased in intensity. More than 40 ventral cord motor neurons stained prominently in L2 and later stages. clusters of 3 to 5 cells were frequently observed along the ventral cord expressing CeO/E. |
nuclei |
