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Picture: Fig. 7. |
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Expr4376
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ceGAT-1 is expressed in all of the GABA-ergic neurons. These GFP-positive neurons include the VD and DD neurons in the ventral cord, the RMED, RMEV, RMEL, RMER, AVL, and RIS neurons in the head area and the DVB neuron in the tail region. There are two additional GFP-positive neurons in the tail region. These two neurons are PVQR and PVQL. The identity of these GFP-positive neurons were confirmed by epifluorescence microscopy and by the location of the neurons as revealed by a combination of Nomarski-differential interference contrast microscopic observation and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclei-staining method. This expression pattern is evident from the early larva stage through the adult stage. An identical expression pattern was observed with at least 10 transgenic animals. |
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Picture: N.A. Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Marker49
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Expressed in anterior neurons, including AIY, AIZ, RID, M5, ASI, and labial sensory neurons, VNC motorneurons, midbody neurons HSN, CAN, and PVM, tail neurons DVB, DVC, and PDB, and the nonneuronal excretory cell, uterine muscles. -- according to pers. comm. from Oliver Hobert. |
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Expr15558
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Expr9325
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Synaptogyrin is expressed in all 26 GABAergic neurons including also RMER and most though not all other neurons. Synaptogyrin is absent in amphids and phasmids and can be detected in non-neuronal glial-like sheath cells in adult worms. The cephalic neurons CEPDR/L and CEPVR/L and amphid-associated sheath cells CEPshDR/L, CEPshVR/L were tentatively positive. Several other neurons that could be tentatively identified in the anterior part are MI, M4, I4, AVL, AIY, RIS, I5, M3R/L, and in the posterior part DVA, AS11, ALNR/L, DVC, DVB, PQR, DA9 (characteristic axonal process denoted by arrowhead), VD13, DD6, VD12. Of these, AVL, RIS, VD13, DD6 and VD12 are GABAergic based on the colocalization with the unc-47p::GFP reporter. In addition, IL neurons were tentatively identified in the anterior (IL*). Synaptogyrin reporter constructs are also expressed in developing neurons. The expression of sng-1p::YFP is closely associated with the development of the nervous system being absent in the gastrula stage with first fluorescence in neuronal precursor cells and newly-formed neurons in the anterior part during the 1.5-fold stage. In addition, it is also detected transiently in cells in the posterior body at the 1.25-fold and 1.5-fold stage. |
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Expr15567
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Expr15571
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Expr15572
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Expr15573
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Expr15579
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Expr15586
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Expr15651
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Expr15652
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Expr15589
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Expr13158
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Expr15591
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Expr15598
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Expr15604
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Expr15608
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Expr15611
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life_stage summary : postembryonic |
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Expr8
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Post-embryonic expression. L1-L4, single ventral cell in middle of the second bulb of the pharynx. L1, single cell in dorsal midline near nerve ring, L2-young adult, 1 dorsal and 1 ventral cell near nerve ring. L2/L3 cell in dorsorectal ganglion. |
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Expr10831
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Particularly intense snf-5 EGFP signal was observed in intestinal cells INT1-9 of the alimentary canal. EGFP expression exhibited a more intensive and aggregated pattern in the epithelial cells of the mature gut, but more even and diffuse expression in the alimentary canal of younger worms. EGFP signal was detected in the pharynx in some, but not all, analyzed preparations. EGFP expression was also detected in the posterior cells of the alimentary canal, two cells of the rectal gland, and several cells that approximately colocalize with the positions of the DVA, DVB or DVC neurons. Further identification of these cells will require additional analysis. Expression of EGFP reporter was also identified in three pairs of amphid sensory neurons that are localized near the dorsa-anterior surface of the posterior pharyngeal bulb (pbp). Considering the localization to the lateral ganglia of head, the relative somatic positions identified via 3D reconstruction of confocal sections, the axonal projections, and the projections and shapes of dendrites visualized in a maximum projection of confocal stack these cells represent the ASI, ADF and ASK neurons. The ASI and ADF neurons exhibited intense labeling in the somata and along the axonal and dendritic projections. In contrast, ASK labeling was weak in the somatic regions and neuronal branches. EGFP expression was also detected in a population of small neurons at the dorsal surface of the anterior pharyngeal bulb. |
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Expr3278
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In the embryo, the upstream promoter (ten-1a) is most active in the descendants of the C and EMS blastomers. During postembryonic development, GFP expression was detected in the pharynx, gut, coelomocytes, posterior body wall muscles, vulva muscles in hermaphrodites, and diagonal muscles in males. The ten-1a promoter is also active in some hypodermal cells including the hyp-11 cell, hypodermal seam cells, and rectal hypodermis. In the somatic gonad, it is active throughout its development starting with z1 and z4 cells in the embryo. During gonad development, it is expressed in the distal tip cells and the linker cell in males, in gonad and spermatheca sheath cells, and the utse cells of the uterus. In males, ten-1a is active in the vas deferens and spicule socket cells. Furthermore, GFP expression in DVB neurons and a few ring interneurons could be detected. |
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Other strain-- UL403 late embryo(author) = elongating embryo + fully-elongated embryo(curator). |
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Expr122
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Expression begins in precomma stage embryos. It is quite strong, with extensive diffuse cytoplasmic staining as well as nuclear localised staining. Expression is strongest in young larvae, with staining observed in the ventral nerve cord, the circumpharyngeal nerve ring, the head ganglion, the tail ganglion, the retrovesicular ganglion, and in the developing vulva. In older larvae and in adults the strong pharyngeal expression seen in young larvae is less intense and some neuronal processes in the head become apparent (e.g. the motorneuron M1). There is also staining in the pharyngo-intestinal valve and in the seam cells, though expression appears to exclude the nuclei and is generally intermittent along the seam. The defecation muscle group stain as does its axon, DVB. The dorsal cord also stains but is very faint. Two commissures stain (these are also faint), one is located anterior to the vulva, and the other is posterior to the vulva. |
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Picture: Fig 3. |
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Expr8678
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Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm1, pm2, pm3, pm6, pm7, pm8, mc1, mc2, mc3. Weak or rare expression in pm4, pm5. Expression in the nervous system: DDn, DVA, DVB, DVC, PVP. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in proximal gonad sheath, spermatheca. In developing larva stage, expressed in uterus, spermatheca. inx-10 is localized to pharyngeal precursors from early stages of embryogenesis, and by three-fold stage, all pharyngeal muscles except pm4 are seen to express it at high levels. |
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Picture: Fig 2A to 2G. |
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Expr9051
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In wild-type embryos, ten-1a::gfp is first expressed in a cluster of cells in the anterior half at approximately 150 minutes after fertilization. These cells are precursors to the hypodermal cells, which are evident at 300 minutes post-fertilization, when the cells intercalate and begin the process of ventral closure, and to pharyngeal and intestinal cells, which are evident beginning at the bean stage. In later stages, strong expression of ten-1a::gfp persists in pharyngeal and intestinal cells, and appears in several head neurons. Examination of L1 larvae and adults allowed us to identify 8 pharyngeal cells that express ten-1a::gfp: the three marginal cells mc1, the three marginal cells mc3, and the neurons M2L and M2R. Adults also express ten-1a::gfp in vulva muscles, the gonad distal tip cells, the intestine, several tail neurons including DVB and some other cells. |
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In snf-11(ok156) mutants, anti-SNF-11 staining was completely absent, confirming the specificity of the staining. Picture: Fig 4. |
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Expr7836
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In healthy young adults, the anti-SNF-11 antibody strongly stained the four RME neurons (RMED, RMEV, RMEL, and RMER). Faint staining of three additional GABAergic neurons (AVL, DVB, and RIS) was sometimes observed. Several non-GABAergic neurons, including RID, also seemed to stain. The ventral nerve cord DD and VD inhibitory motor neurons did not stain. Faint staining of the body wall, anal, and uterine muscles with the anti-SNF-11 antibody was observed in some animals. |
Staining of both the processes and the soma of each neuron were observed. In RMED and RMEV, a punctate staining pattern was observed in the posteriorly directed processes, possibly corresponding to synapses. |
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Picture: Figure 5 and Table 1. |
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Expr7837
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These Psnf-11::GFP fusions are expressed in the same neurons (RMEs, AVL, DVB, RIS, and RID) that stained with the anti-SNF-11 polyclonal antibodies. Expression was also noted in two additional neurons near the pharynx as well as two neurons in the retrovesicular ganglion. There were no apparent differences in expression between the two reporters, suggesting that the 1.9-kb region is sufficient to drive expression in all snf-11 positive cells. In contrast to observations reported previously (Jiang et al., 2005 blue right-pointing triangle), authors did not observe snf-11 expression in the ventral cord inhibitory (DD and VD) motor neurons. However, they did observe robust expression in the body wall, anal, and uterine muscles that was not noted previously. In young animals, expression of the Psnf-11::GFP reporter in muscle cells is the most prominent aspect of the expression pattern. |
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Picture: Figure 7. |
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Expr7808
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A highly reproducible pattern of DKF-1 expression was observed as animals matured from embryo to adult. Intense fluorescence signals corresponding to DKF-1GFP revealed robust kinase accumulation in both (a) a region bounded by the anterior and posterior bulbs of the pharynx and (b) a tail area that contains lumbar, dorsorectal and pre-anal ganglia. Specifically, DKF-1 is differentially enriched in a cluster of cells that are immediately adjacent to the posterior pharyngeal bulb. Strong signals also emanate from cells positioned along the lateral surface of this bulb in animals carrying the dkf-1P::DKF-1GFP transgene. At the anterior pharyngeal bulb, DKF-1 accumulates selectively in bodies and in very thin processes (dendrites and axons) of two neurons. Nearly all cells expressing DKF-1 appear to be neurons. Two fluorescent cells with similar sizes and locations (at the anterior edge of the isthmusposterior bulb) may be M2 motor neurons. The location of the more posterior fluorescent neuron approximates the position of the cell body of an NSM neuron. DKF-1 also accumulates in a cell resembling I1. Other candidate DKF-1-enriched cells in the pharyngeal region include: the AWB, ADL, and ADF chemosensory neurons; and AVB and AIA interneurons.n C. elegans tail, DKF-1GFP expression is differentially elevated in neurons located within the dense neuropile of several tail ganglia. The pattern of fluorescence reveals that cell bodies and/or processes of phasmid neurons (PHA, PHB, and PHC), interneurons (PVC, DVA, DVB, PVQ, PVT) and motor neurons (VD13, DD6, VA12) are candidate sites for accumulation of DKF-1 protein. |
Expressed in neuronal cell bodies and/or processes. |
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Life_stage summary post L1 |
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Expr19
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Adults show 4 nuclei in the head ganglia; 2 large nuclei in the mid-body of the worm adjacent to either hypodermal ridge, one close to the vulva and one a little anterior to it; and 2 (neuronal?) nuclei in the tail. The head ganglia nuclei are present at hatching, the mid-body and tail cells start to stain at later larval stages. Also in adults, ~4 body-wall muscle cells in the posterior half of the body can be seen (usually only after relatively long periods of incubation). Five nuclei of cells of the of the head ganglia show expression from L1 onwards. Mid-larval stages mark the emergence of two more spatially distinct pattern components, both of which remain in place through the rest of the life cycle. The cell bodies of the CANL/R cells can be identified in the lateral mid-body. In the tail, two more nuclei show expression. One seems to be a member of the tail ganglia neurones, the other is possibly one of the intestinal muscles. |
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Legacy Data: "Bauer PK" "Mounsey A" "Royall CM" "Hope IA" Date 1997-07. |
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Expr94
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Expression of this neural pattern is first seen prior to the embryonic comma stage, and extends through to adulthood. Strong staining is seen in the ventral nerve cord and its cell bodies, in the retrovesicular ganglion, the circumpharyngeal nerve ring, and in the rectal muscle group involved in defecation (anal depressor, sphincter muscle and intestinal muscle). The DVB neuron which innervates this muscle group also exhibits staining. Weaker staining can be observed in the dorsal nerve cord and in some commissures possibly of VD or DD type. Staining appears to be in foci along the commissures. |
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