WormMine: ExpressionPattern Expr3701

• Pattern: Using two independent antibodies elicited to two different FRK-1 peptides, FRK-1 was initially present both in nuclei and at cell-cell contact points of all cells in early embryos. Expression later became restricted to epithelial cells, body wall muscle and the germline, including mature sperm. Staining was eliminated in frk-1(RNAi) embryos, confirming specificity of the antibody. Epidermal expression of FRK-1, which is apparently sufficient for morphogenesis, requires ELT-1, a transcription factor required to generate all epidermal cells: FRK-1 was seen only in body wall muscle cells in late elt-1(zu180) mutant embryos.
• Primary Identifier: Expr3701
• Subcellular Localization: Localization of FRK-1 to nuclei correlates with phases of active cell division: nuclear localization was prominent in early embryos and the adult germline. The protein remained in the nucleus and at the cell surface until shortly before embryonic enclosure, at which stage most cells became mitotically inactive and nuclear FRK-1 became undetectable. In elongated embryos, FRK-1 was present in the cytoplasm and at the membrane of epidermal cells; cell surface staining was especially prominent in the seam cells. While nuclear function for FRK-1 in morphogenesis cannot be excluded, the protein was not detectable in nuclei during this phase of development. Later, during larval development, FRK-1 reappeared in the nuclei of seam cells and in the nuclei of the developing germline, correlated with their active post-embryonic division. In the adult soma, FRK-1 stably localized to apical junctions of the intestine and somatic cells of the gonad.

4 Anatomy Terms

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
Longitudinal bands of muscle cells surrounding animal body, with one band running in each quadrant of the body, regulated contraction and relaxation of these muscles cause locomotion.	body wall musculature	body muscle	WBbt:0005813
cell line which early in development becomes differentiated from the remaining somatic cell line, and alone has the potential to undergo meiosis and form gametes.	germ line	germline	WBbt:0005784
Male haploid germ cell.	sperm	spermatozoa	WBbt:0006798
cell of epithelium, the layer of cells that cover the external surface of an organism as well as forming an inner lining between the tissues and organs of that organism and the external environment. In C. elegans epithelial cells include epithelium of the alimentary tract, intestinal cells, hypodermis, interfacial cells and somatic gonad cells.	epithelial cell	epithelium	WBbt:0003672

1 Genes

WormBase Gene ID	Gene Name	Sequence Name	Organism
WBGene00001487	frk-1	T04B2.2	Caenorhabditis elegans

0 Life Stages