WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003906

• Definition: Ventral cord motor neuron, innervates dorsal muscles, no ventral counterpart
• Name: AS10
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003906
• Synonym: lineage name: P10.apa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree P10.apa	P10.apa nucleus		WBbt:0001675

2 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts enriched in AS9_10 according to single cell RNAseq.	Genes that pass the Bonferroni threshold for multiple comparisons (q < 0.05) are significantly enriched.	WBPaper00066550:AS9_10_enriched
	Transcripts enriched in AS according to single cell RNAseq.	Genes that pass the Bonferroni threshold for multiple comparisons (q < 0.05) are significantly enriched.	WBPaper00061651:AS_enriched

32 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr15442

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15567

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr15570

• Primary Identifier: Expr15644

• Primary Identifier: Expr15648

• Primary Identifier: Expr12716

• Primary Identifier: Expr12717

• Primary Identifier: Expr15633

• Primary Identifier: Expr12715

• Primary Identifier: Expr16049
• Pattern: nmgp-1 expresses mostly in sensory neurons and in the egg-laying apparatus of adult hermaphrodites. GFP expression driven by the putative nmgp-1 promoter was detected in several cells, primarily neurons. Within the head, we saw GFP expression in pharyngeal neurons, as many somas and processes within the metacorpus and the posterior bulb ventral ganglia were observed. In addition, some of the processes next to the bulb might correspond to CEP sheath glial cells. In the midbody, we saw labeling of cells within the egg-laying apparatus. Posteriorly, we observed cells in the tail ganglia and possibly phasmid neurons. Neuronal processes along dorsal and ventral cords were also labeled. In addition, to identify specific neurons, we used the NeuroPAL strain (OH15500) developed by Hobert's Lab (Yemini et al., 2021). This strain has a stereotyped fluorescent color map to identify all neurons. We injected it with the same plasmid for GFP expression under the nmgp-1 promoter. The following neurons were identified as expressing GFP: ALA, CEPD, IL1 (head neurons from the nerve ring), the sensory amphid neurons ASK, neurons from the anterior ventral nerve cord (VA6, VB7, DB5, AS5, VD6, DD3, DA4) and posterior ventral cord (VA11, VD11, AS10, DA7, DB7, CB11, VA11), neurons from the preanal ganglion (PVP, PVT, DD6, AS11, VA12, DA8, DA9) dorso-rectal ganglion (DVB, DVA, DVC) and lumbar ganglion (PVQ, PHC). The neurons identified include sensory neurons (amphid and mechanosensory), motor neurons and interneurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr16258
• Pattern: For lin-39 and mab-5, previous work reported their partially overlapping expression in the ventral cord motor neurons (MNs). In this study, we used two fosmid reporters wgIs18[lin39::EGFP] and wgIs27[mab-5::EGFP] to map their expression to the single-cell resolution among the 75 motor neurons (MNs), which include 54 cholinergic MNs, 19 GABAergic MNs, and 2 serotonergic MNs with stereotypical positions. These MNs can be further classified into eight neuron classes (DA, DB, VA, VB, AS, VC, DD, and VD). By crossing the GFP reporters with mCherry strains labelling cholinergic or GABAergic neurons in the ventral cord, we identified lin-39 expression in DA2-5, DB2-7, VA3-8, VB4-9, AS2-8, VC1-6, DD2-6, and VD3-12 and mab-5 expression in DA4-8, DB5-7, VA6-11, VB8-11, AS5-11, VC3-6, DD2-6, and VD2-12. Both lin-39 and mab-5 expression were generally weaker in more anterior MNs. Interestingly, for cholinergic MNs, mab-5 and lin-39 expression only overlapped in a set of mid-body MNs; MNs more anterior to this region expressed only lin-39 and MNs more posterior expressed only mab-5. For GABAergic MNs (DD and VD), however, lin-39and mab-5 expression overlapped entirely. Outside of the ventral nerve cord, lin-39 was expressed in AQR and AIYL/R in the head and AVM, SDQL/R, PDEL/R, and PVDL/R neurons along the body; mab-5 was expressed in the AVL in the head, SDQL in the mid-body region, and PQR neuron in the tail.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15629

• Primary Identifier: Expr1918
• Pattern: In the pAB::GFP fusion, expression was seen in some pioneering neurones of the nerve ring, beginning at the early comma stage. At the two-fold stage, expression was detected in some 10 neurones in the head that extend axons into the nerve ring, and in two neurones in the tail that extend processes anteriorly. This expression pattern was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with MAb 16-48-2. At the three-fold stage, expression was seen in all DA motoneurones and persisted while they pioneered the dorsal nerve chord. It was also seen in four to six neurones in each of the four head ganglia, including ALA and RID in the dorsal ganglion, and four of the six neurones of the terminal bulb, including M5. In the tail, two neurones in the pre-anal ganglion and six in the lumbar ganglion, including PVQL and PVQR, showed pAB::GFP expression. Additionally, a transient expression was seen in the four rows of bodywall muscle cells in the embryo. After hatching, in L1 larvae, the expression domain extended to amphid and phasmid socket cells, and subsequently in L2 larvae to all the newly born AS motoneurones. In hermaphrodite L3 larvae, expression was seen in the sex myoblasts subsequent to their anterior migration towards the position of the presumptive vulva, and in adult worms at a high level in the vulval muscles vm1 and vm2. In males, expression was seen in the diagonal and spicule retractor muscles.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1920
• Pattern: Expressed in nine DA, 11 AS, ALA, RID, two PDE, two HSN, M5, four vulval muscles 1, four vulval muscles 2, four uterine muscles 1, four uterine muscles 2, two intestine muscles, sphincter muscle, 15 diagonal muscles, two spicule retractors, bodywall muscles, two AM socket cells, two PH socket cells, two distal tip cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15002
• Pattern: Animals carrying lin-39::mNG::3xFLAG::AID display no developmental phenotypes and show nuclear mNG expression in MNs located at the mid-body region of the VNC during development and adult stages.

0 Life Stages

3 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with cell body associated with the ventral nerve cord.	ventral cord neuron	ventral cord motoneuron	WBbt:0005300
Neuron class of eleven motoneurons, with cell bodies in the ventral cord, which innervate dorsal muscles.	AS neuron		WBbt:0005334
post-embryonic cell of pedigree P10.ap	P10.ap		WBbt:0007214