WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003964

• Definition: Post-embryonic cell of pedigree TL.appapapp, male sensory rays, structural cell.
• Name: R9stL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003964
• Synonym: lineage name: TL.appapapp

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree TL.appapapp	TL.appapapp nucleus		WBbt:0002696

0 Expression Clusters

24 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4679
• Remark: sin-3 = pqn-28 according to this paper.
• Pattern: When the sin-3 expression profile was examined in transgenic animals using a gfp reporter driven by a 1.5 kb sin-3 5'-flanking sequence, the sin-3::gfp signal was detected in all the ray structural cells. In addition, sin-3::gfp expression was observed in the inner labial neurons, socket cells, the cephalic neurons in the head region and the ventral nerve cord from L1 to adult stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2548
• Remark: Most of the tissues expressing rcn-1 overlap with those observed in calcineurin GFP and by immunostaining, including lateral hypodermal cells, vulva muscle tissue, nerve cords, and diverse neuronal expression. Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: GFP analysis of the transformed animals revealed that rcn-1 is expressed from late embryonic stages to adulthood in diverse tissues, including lateral hypodermal cells, marginal cells of the pharynx, vulva epithelial cells, ventral and dorsal nerve cords and commissures, and various neurons in the anterior and posterior portions of the worm. Male C. elegans displayed rcn-1 expression in male tail structures including the diagonal muscles, sensory rays, and spicules. GFP expression analysis of a shorter 1.6 kb 50 upstream fragment of rcn-1 revealed vulva muscle expression in addition to the aforementioned expression patterns.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1051
• Pattern: The unc-130::GFP construct is expressed in a dynamic pattern during embryogenesis in head hypodermal cells, as well as in muscle and intestinal precursor cells. In adults, unc-130::GFP is observed in ventral muscle, as well as in intestine and other cells in the head and tail. In adult males, unc-130 is also expressed in the structural cells and two neurons of each ray.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1118
• Pattern: The tissue distribution of HSP43 is localized to specific cells of the vulva, to the spermathecal valve and junctions between cells of the spermathecal cage. It is also concentrated in regions of contact between muscle cells or between muscle cells and the overlying hypodermis. In males, HSP43 was also found to be concentrated in specialized structures of the tail, including rays, copulatory spicules and other structures too poorly resolved to permit reliable identification. This signal was HSP43-specific, and not due to autofluorescence of tail structures, since it was abolished when the antibody was pre-incubated with excess HSP43 protein.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2938
• Pattern: GFP was observed from the embryo stage through to the adult stages. In the adult animal it was expressed in the pharynx, intestine, body wall muscle, gonad, distal tip cells and/or germ cells, nervous system, male tail rays, and spicule. chn-1 is probably expressed in all tissues.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1837
• Pattern: Expression of eff-1p::gfp was silent through the first third of embryogenesis, first appearing about 230 min after first cleavage in a subset of epidermal precursor cells. Over the next 3 hr, these and additional fluorescent cells were observed to migrate over the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the embryo, and the majority of GFP-positive cells fused to form the hyp6 and hyp7 syncytia. As elongation progressed, GFP was also expressed in a pair of cells that fused to form the binucleate "tail spike" . After hatching, eff-1p::gfp expression persisted in large epidermal syncytia through adulthood. Mononucleated epidermal cells-including the seam cells and the VPCs-remained nonfluorescent until shortly before undergoing larval fusion events. More specifically, GFP was seen in (1) nonstem daughters of the seam cells shortly before they fused into hyp7; (2) vulval cells invaginating to form toroids during morphogenesis; and (3) the rays and fan of the adult male tail. Expression was also seen in nonepidermal organs known to contain syncytia, including the pharynx and uterus. Interestingly, a few cells that express eff-1p::gfp have never been observed to fuse, such as some ventral epidermal precursors in the embryo and several neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr7804
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3D to 3R. To define the specific cellular requirement, the onset of mab-7 expression in these cells was correlated with the first appearance of ray swelling in mab-7 mutant males. Ray abnormality first appeared when ray retraction started, which was well before mab-7::gfp expression in the structural cells was detectable prior to the final molting. The hypodermal expression profile of mab-7 at the late L4 stage, however, matched perfectly with the timing of this ray morphogenesis.
• Pattern: Transgenic animals carrying these reporters displayed identical GFP signals in their hypodermis, structural cells, vulva, PQR, body seams and several neuronal processes in the head region at different developmental stages. The onset of mab-7::gfp expression was first detected in the hypodermis at the 2-fold stage. This hypodermal signal stayed on throughout the larval stages until the animals entered their adulthood. However, GFP expression in the body seam appeared only after the L4 stage and was maintained in adults. In the male tail, a GFP signal was detected at the late L4 stage in the structural cells when the ray retraction process was almost complete but prior to molting. This structural cell expression was also maintained in adults.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1886
• Pattern: Expression of the smp-2::gfp transcriptional reporter is detected initially in twofold embryos, in one mononucleate pharyngeal muscle cell and in intestinal cells. In the L1 stage, GFP fluorescence is observed in one mononucleate pharyngeal muscle cell m6, in all intestinal cells, in the head epidermal cells, in a restricted number of body wall muscles, in inner labial sensory neurons, and tentatively in URAVL/R and URADL/R motorneurons. In L4 larvae and adults, GFP fluorescence is restricted to intestinal cells and pharyngeal muscle cell m6. During larval development of the male tail, GFP expression is observed only in the hook. In adult males, rays 8 and 9, and the tail bursa express smp-2::gfp. smp-2::gfp is not seen in hyp 9 or hyp 10.

• Primary Identifier: Expr302
• Remark: Data modified according to Shawn Lockery's expression pattern curations.
• Pattern: ASI ADFmale R8male/R9male?

• Primary Identifier: Expr2951
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2952
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2953
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2954
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2955
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2956
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2957
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2958
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2959
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2960
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2961
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2962
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2963
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in male sensory rays.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2562
• Pattern: Another notable aspect of ceh-13 expression in ray complexes 5, 7, and 9 was its cell-specific regulation. At the beginning of L4, the highest levels of protein were present in A- and B-type neurons, intermediate levels in the support cells, and lowest levels in hypodermal cells. Protein levels were higher in hyp7 than in hyp5,9. Upon tail retraction, expression in hyp7 was transiently upregulated and maintained high until mid-L4. At this point, there was upregulation of expression in st5, 7, and 9 and downregulation in all neuroblasts, as well as in hyp7. During tail morphogenesis in late L4 and in the course of ray shaping, significant upregulation of cytoplasmic CEH-13::GFP reporter levels occurred in structural cells, particularly around the papillae. In tests for ceh-13 expression in the sensory rays, ray-specific CEH-13 and CEH-13::GFP expression was detected shortly after the L3 moult, concomitantly with completion of the last divisions of the precursor cells. The protein initially exhibited uniform cytoplasmic distribution, then rapidly accumulated in the nuclei. On the basis of the complex patterning and dynamics of expression, two aspects of activity could be defined. In the first, ceh-13 was expressed in the A-type neurons of all rays, although lower levels were seen in the ventral ray groups 2, 4, and 8. This expression persisted until mid-L4 and was switched off thereafter except in ray 9. Thus, with the exception of R9A, detectable levels of protein were no longer present in the A-type neurons by the time of ray morphogenesis and the emergence of papillae. In the second aspect, CEH-13 and CEH-13::GFP were specifically expressed in the dorsal ray groups 5, 7, and 9, where they were present in all cells after completion of the last division of the precursor cells. Detectable levels of protein rapidly disappeared from the hypodermal cells in groups 5 and 9 but persisted in the hypodermal cell of 7 until the beginning of tail retraction. Three other ceh-13-expressing cells, R(5,7,9).aap, underwent apoptotic cell death shortly after division of the anterior neuroblasts that generated them. Thus, at the beginning of tail retraction, remaining ceh-13 activity could be observed exclusively in ray groups 5, 7, and 9, i.e., in B-type neurons of 5 and 7, in the A-type neuron of 9, and in the structural cells of 5, 7, and 9. The first expression of CEH-13 in the male tail was detected during the third larval stage (L3) in B_gamma. Upon division of the B_gamma cell, the protein became equally distributed between the anterior and posterior daughters B_gamma.a and B_gamma.p, but subsequently disappeared in B_gamma.p. CEH-13 and CEH-13::GFP expression in B_gamma.a was accompanied by subcellular redistribution of the protein, with an increase in nuclear and a decrease in cytoplasmic accumulation. After division of B_gamma.a, CEH-13 exhibited exclusive nuclear localisation in the two daughters B_gamma.al and B_gamma.ar. Also during L3, sex independent expression of CEH-13 in the tail region could be observed in an asymmetric neuron tentatively identified as Ql.ap. In the L4, several additional unidentified expressing cells were observed.
• Subcellular Localization: Expression was both cytoplasmic and nuclear, and the nuclear expression appeared stronger in the region of the nucleolus.

• Primary Identifier: Expr943
• Remark: The same pattern of expression was also noted when a genomic fragment spanning nucleotides I-1630 was used to drive the GFP reporter.
• Pattern: Both hermaphrodites and males expressed GFP in a group of cells around the pharyngeal corpus, which represented either the sheath or socket cells (PDEso) in the tail, as defined by their openings, position and morphology. GFP expression in these sensory support cells was detected soon after their birth and was maintained into adulthood. A GFP signal was detected in all the ray structure cells of the male tail, but not in the hypodermal tissue. Expression in nine pairs of structure cells began just prior to the ray retraction period, peaked during the retraction and declined upon completion of ray extension.

0 Life Stages

4 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
hypodermal support cell that form a tube surrounding ray neuron dendrites.	ray structural cell	Rnst	WBbt:0008276
a cell that is born in a worm after hatching.	post-embryonic cell		WBbt:0007030
male sensory organ, most posterior, left.	ray 9 left		WBbt:0006967
post-embryonic cell of pedigree TL.appapap	TL.appapap		WBbt:0007376