WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003905

• Definition: Ventral cord motor neuron, innervates dorsal muscles, no ventral counterpart
• Name: AS11
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003905
• Synonym: lineage name: P11.apa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree P11.apa	P11.apa nucleus		WBbt:0001676

3 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 14_2 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:14_2
	Transcripts enriched in AS according to single cell RNAseq.	Genes that pass the Bonferroni threshold for multiple comparisons (q < 0.05) are significantly enriched.	WBPaper00061651:AS_enriched
	Transcripts enriched in AS11 according to single cell RNAseq.	Genes that pass the Bonferroni threshold for multiple comparisons (q < 0.05) are significantly enriched.	WBPaper00066550:AS11_enriched

36 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr15442

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr9325
• Pattern: Synaptogyrin is expressed in all 26 GABAergic neurons including also RMER and most though not all other neurons. Synaptogyrin is absent in amphids and phasmids and can be detected in non-neuronal glial-like sheath cells in adult worms. The cephalic neurons CEPDR/L and CEPVR/L and amphid-associated sheath cells CEPshDR/L, CEPshVR/L were tentatively positive. Several other neurons that could be tentatively identified in the anterior part are MI, M4, I4, AVL, AIY, RIS, I5, M3R/L, and in the posterior part DVA, AS11, ALNR/L, DVC, DVB, PQR, DA9 (characteristic axonal process denoted by arrowhead), VD13, DD6, VD12. Of these, AVL, RIS, VD13, DD6 and VD12 are GABAergic based on the colocalization with the unc-47p::GFP reporter. In addition, IL neurons were tentatively identified in the anterior (IL*). Synaptogyrin reporter constructs are also expressed in developing neurons. The expression of sng-1p::YFP is closely associated with the development of the nervous system being absent in the gastrula stage with first fluorescence in neuronal precursor cells and newly-formed neurons in the anterior part during the 1.5-fold stage. In addition, it is also detected transiently in cells in the posterior body at the 1.25-fold and 1.5-fold stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15567

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr15570

• Primary Identifier: Expr15644

• Primary Identifier: Expr15648

• Primary Identifier: Expr15646

• Primary Identifier: Expr12716

• Primary Identifier: Expr12717

• Primary Identifier: Expr1329
• Pattern: UNC-42 expression was detected with a mouse antiserum in several cells as early as 260 minutes of embryogenesis and in neurons at high levels in the head by comma stage, the time when these neurons extend axons and establish connections. Expression in head neurons continues into adulthood. UNC-42 was strongly expressed in at least 20 pairs of neurons of the head, including the AVA, AVD and AVE interneurons, ASH sensory neurons, and RMD and SMB motor neurons. Other neurons that express high levels of UNC-42 include the AIN, AVH, AVJ, AVK, RIV, SAA and SIB interneurons. The same expression pattern in the head was detected in animals that carry a transgene that encodes an UNC-42 protein tagged at its C terminus with GFP(gmEx186). Antiserum to UNC-42 and the gmEx104 GFP reporter gene revealed low levels of unc-42 expression in hypodermis and additional neurons in the head. Transient expression of UNC-42 protein was also detected in the DD motor neurons at hatching and at low levels in postembryonic ventral cord motor neurons derived from P11. UNC-42 protein was not detected in descendants of P2-P10 or P12. In the tail, unc-42-gfp (gmEx104) is strongly expressed in PVT.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15633

• Primary Identifier: Expr12715

• Primary Identifier: Expr16049
• Pattern: nmgp-1 expresses mostly in sensory neurons and in the egg-laying apparatus of adult hermaphrodites. GFP expression driven by the putative nmgp-1 promoter was detected in several cells, primarily neurons. Within the head, we saw GFP expression in pharyngeal neurons, as many somas and processes within the metacorpus and the posterior bulb ventral ganglia were observed. In addition, some of the processes next to the bulb might correspond to CEP sheath glial cells. In the midbody, we saw labeling of cells within the egg-laying apparatus. Posteriorly, we observed cells in the tail ganglia and possibly phasmid neurons. Neuronal processes along dorsal and ventral cords were also labeled. In addition, to identify specific neurons, we used the NeuroPAL strain (OH15500) developed by Hobert's Lab (Yemini et al., 2021). This strain has a stereotyped fluorescent color map to identify all neurons. We injected it with the same plasmid for GFP expression under the nmgp-1 promoter. The following neurons were identified as expressing GFP: ALA, CEPD, IL1 (head neurons from the nerve ring), the sensory amphid neurons ASK, neurons from the anterior ventral nerve cord (VA6, VB7, DB5, AS5, VD6, DD3, DA4) and posterior ventral cord (VA11, VD11, AS10, DA7, DB7, CB11, VA11), neurons from the preanal ganglion (PVP, PVT, DD6, AS11, VA12, DA8, DA9) dorso-rectal ganglion (DVB, DVA, DVC) and lumbar ganglion (PVQ, PHC). The neurons identified include sensory neurons (amphid and mechanosensory), motor neurons and interneurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15353

• Primary Identifier: Expr16258
• Pattern: For lin-39 and mab-5, previous work reported their partially overlapping expression in the ventral cord motor neurons (MNs). In this study, we used two fosmid reporters wgIs18[lin39::EGFP] and wgIs27[mab-5::EGFP] to map their expression to the single-cell resolution among the 75 motor neurons (MNs), which include 54 cholinergic MNs, 19 GABAergic MNs, and 2 serotonergic MNs with stereotypical positions. These MNs can be further classified into eight neuron classes (DA, DB, VA, VB, AS, VC, DD, and VD). By crossing the GFP reporters with mCherry strains labelling cholinergic or GABAergic neurons in the ventral cord, we identified lin-39 expression in DA2-5, DB2-7, VA3-8, VB4-9, AS2-8, VC1-6, DD2-6, and VD3-12 and mab-5 expression in DA4-8, DB5-7, VA6-11, VB8-11, AS5-11, VC3-6, DD2-6, and VD2-12. Both lin-39 and mab-5 expression were generally weaker in more anterior MNs. Interestingly, for cholinergic MNs, mab-5 and lin-39 expression only overlapped in a set of mid-body MNs; MNs more anterior to this region expressed only lin-39 and MNs more posterior expressed only mab-5. For GABAergic MNs (DD and VD), however, lin-39and mab-5 expression overlapped entirely. Outside of the ventral nerve cord, lin-39 was expressed in AQR and AIYL/R in the head and AVM, SDQL/R, PDEL/R, and PVDL/R neurons along the body; mab-5 was expressed in the AVL in the head, SDQL in the mid-body region, and PQR neuron in the tail.

0 Life Stages

3 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
Neuron class of eleven motoneurons, with cell bodies in the ventral cord, which innervate dorsal muscles.	AS neuron		WBbt:0005334
neuron with cell body in the preanal ganglion.	preanal ganglion neuron	preanal ganglion neurons	WBbt:0005447
post-embryonic cell of pedigree P11.ap	P11.ap		WBbt:0007229