WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0005657

• Definition: Interneuron, processes in ventral cord and ring, few synapses, left side
• Name: AVFL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0005657

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of cell AVFL.	AVFL nucleus		WBbt:0008355

1 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 123_0 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:123_0

45 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr14590
• Pattern: Embryonic expression of exc-7 was first observed at the bean stage. By reverse lineaging with use of SIMI-Biocell software, we confirm the identity of one of the expressing cells at this stage as the excretory canal cell. In L1 animals, broad expression in the head, ventral nerve cord (VNC), and tail was observed. In young adults, expression is notably observed in vulva cells. In the nervous system specifically, expression is observed in many neurons throughout the body, but unlike Drosophila Elav, exc-7::gfp it is not panneuronally expressed. We confirmed previously reported expression in cholinergic VNC MNs, but absence of GABAergic VNC MNs, consistent with previous reports (Fujita et al., 1999; Loria et al., 2003) and consistent with exc-7 functioning in cholinergic, but not GABAergic neurons to control alternative splicing (Norris et al., 2014). exc-7::gfp is also expressed in some non-neuronal cell types, including muscle and hypodermis, but not in the gut. A previous report showed that exc-7 is only transiently and weakly expressed in the excretory cell, which, based on exc-7's excretory mutant phenotype, has puzzled researchers (Fujita et al., 2003). We find that the gfp tagged exc-7 locus is strongly and continuously expressed in the excretory canal cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr10592
• Pattern: Transcriptional reporters were expressed in neurons and body wall muscle and were similarly expressed in both males and hermaphrodites. Colocalization with other reporters and anatomical criteria enabled identification of the expressing neurons as the cili­ated sensory neurons OLL, PHA and PQR, the nonciliated sensory neurons URY and URX, the touch receptor neurons ALM, PLM, AVM and PVM, the interneurons in the retro-vesicular ganglion RIF and AVF, the command interneurons AVD and PVC, the ring motor neurons RMED and RMEV, and two other neurons tentatively identified as either PVQ or PVW and DB2. No expression was observed in amphid or male-­specific neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8676
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pm1, pm3. Weak or rare expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm2, pm4, pm5, pm6, pm7, pm8, intestine, rectal epithelial cells. Expression in the nervous system: ILso, AIN, AVF, AVJ, AVK, PVR, SAB. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in Gonad sheath, Vulva(low), vulval muscle, uterine muscle. In developing larva stage, expressed in vulval muscle, uterine muscle. inx-8 is expressed broadly, albeit at very low levels, around two-fold stage, and its expression becomes stronger in the pharynx, nervous tissue, HMC, and GLR cells as development continues. In the reproductive system, expression of inx-8 starts during early larval stages and continues during migrations of the great granddaughters of the SM blast cell to their final locations and after the sex muscles achieve their final structures. inx-8 is expressed in the hypodermal cells of the animal in postembryonic stages.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1872
• Pattern: In late L2 larvae anti-PAG-3 staining was seen in approximately two dozen cells in the head, all six mechanosensory neurons, the BDU neurons, approximately ten cells in the tail as well as in the ventral cord. PAG-3 staining of many cells in the head and tail remained detectable in adult animals. In the ventral cord, PAG-3 was first detected in the Pn.aa neuroblasts. PAG-3 was not detected in the Pn.ap euroblasts or their descendants. PAG-3 was present equally in each of the descendant cells of Pn.aa after subsequent rounds of division (i.e. the Pn.aaa, Pn.aap, Pn.aaaa and Pn.aaap cells), including the three differentiating neurons generated by each Pn.aa neuroblast. In most cells, PAG-3 protein became undetectable shortly after the cells had been generated in the L1, but PAG-3 was present in six cells in the ventral cords of adults. In late L2 larvae anti-PAG-3 staining was seen in approximately two dozen cells in the head, all six mechanosensory neurons, the BDU neurons, approximately ten cells in the tail as well as in the ventral cord. PAG-3 staining of many cells in the head and tail remained detectable in adult animals. In the ventral cord, PAG-3 was first detected in the Pn.aa neuroblasts. PAG-3 was not detected in the Pn.ap neuroblasts or their descendants. PAG-3 was present equally in each of the descendant cells of Pn.aa after subsequent rounds of division (i.e. the Pn.aaa, Pn.aap, Pn.aaaa and Pn.aaap cells), including the three differentiating neurons generated by each Pn.aa neuroblast. In most cells, PAG-3 protein became undetectable shortly after the cells had been generated in the L1, but PAG-3 was present in six cells in the ventral cords of adults. PAG-3 expression persisted throughout the life of the animal in four cells in the retrovesicular ganglion at the anterior end of the ventral cord and in two cells in the posterior ventral cord. In newly hatched L1-stage larvae, before the initiation of the postembryonic W and P cell lineages, two cells in the retrovesicular ganglion expressed PAG-3. Based on position, these cells were most likely the RIG interneurons. After completion of the W and P cell lineages, two additional cells in the retrovesicular ganglion and two cells in the posterior ventral cord contained detectable PAG-3 protein. These nuclei might be the two AVF and the VA11 and VA12 neurons, respectively. This hypothesis was confirmed by staining animals carrying an integrated Punc-4lacZ reporter, which is expressed in the AVF and VA as well as other neurons, with PAG-3 antiserum and monoclonal antibody against beta-galactosidase. PAG-3 protein was expressed more widely in the nervous system than had been observed using the Ppag-3lacZ reporter. PAG-3 was detected during embryonic development in many nuclei ~280 minutes after fertilization.

• Primary Identifier: Expr521
• Remark: Transgenic Marker: rol-6(su1006).
• Pattern: Expression in touch-sensitive neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons which starts in the 2-fold embryo and disappears by L3. Sporadic expression seen in retrovesicular ganglion at L1. Expressed in ALM, PLM and BDU cells at 2-fold embryo, L1 and L2. In AVM, PVM cells at L1 and L2. Expressed in ventral cord motor neurons VA2-VA12, VB1-VB11, AVF cells, and precursors at L1 and L2.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15648

• Primary Identifier: Expr13161

• Primary Identifier: Expr13162

• Primary Identifier: Expr8774
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 4.
• Pattern: GFP fluorescence was detected in 20 neurons. In the head, DKF-2BGFP accumulated in amphid sensory neurons (ASE, AFD, ASG, AWC, and AWA), integrative interneurons (AIM, RIC, AIY, AVF, AVJ, AVK, ADA, and RMG), neurons involved in social feeding and O2 sensing (AUA, URX, PQR, AQR, and BAG), and the neurosecretory motor neuron NSM. DKF-2BGFP also accumulated in PVQ, PVR, and PVW interneurons in the tail. DKF-2BGFP was observed in late embryos, L1 to L4 larvae, and adult animals.

• Primary Identifier: Expr14261
• Pattern: We used a transgene to drive expression of GFP from the nlp-3 promoter, and by combining this with red fluorescent markers of various subsets of identified neurons, identified every nlp-3-expressing cell. These comprise 18 neuron types, including 16 bilaterally symmetric neuron pairs plus two unpaired neurons, totaling 34 neurons. Six of these neurons express nlp-3::GFP barely above background levels, while the other 28 gave strong GFP signals. One muscle cell also expresses nlp-3::GFP. The HSNs are the only neurons that express nlp-3::GFP that are in the midbody or that is known to play a role in egg laying.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15833

• Primary Identifier: Expr15315

• Primary Identifier: Expr15316
• Pattern: acr-5 ORF

• Primary Identifier: Expr15623

• Primary Identifier: Expr15627

• Primary Identifier: Expr15599

0 Life Stages

4 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron whose cell body is in the retrovesicular ganglion.	retrovesicular ganglion neuron	retrovesicular ganglion	WBbt:0005403
post-embryonic cell of pedigree W.aa	W.aa		WBbt:0007569
	P1.aaa		WBbt:0008511
Neuron class of two interneurons, processes in ventral cord and ring, few synapses.	AVF	AVFL/R	WBbt:0003851