WormMine: Gene WBGene00003784

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003784
• Gene Name: nos-2
• Sequence Name: ZK1127.1
• Brief Description: nos-2 encodes one of three genes in C. elegans that contains a putative zinc-binding domain similar to the one found in Drosophila nanos; nos-2 affects incorporation of primordial germ cells into the somatic gonad, is required redundantly with nos-1 to prevent primordial germ cells from dividing in starved animals and to maintain germ cell viability during larval development in hermaphrodites and in males, and also functions together with nos-1 and nos-3 in the hermaphrodite switch from spermatogenesis to oogenesis; nos-2 is expressed in the primordial germ cells around the time of gastrulation from a maternal RNA associated with P granules, and it is expressed coordinately with nos-1in a dynamic fashion until the embryonic 200-cell stage.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Predicted to enable mRNA binding activity and zinc ion binding activity. Involved in oogenesis and regulation of cell cycle. Located in cytoplasm. Expressed in P0; P4; Z2; and Z3. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in spermatogenic failure 12. Is an ortholog of human NANOS1 (nanos C2HC-type zinc finger 1); NANOS2 (nanos C2HC-type zinc finger 2); and NANOS3 (nanos C2HC-type zinc finger 3).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: II :0.381622 ±0.021659
• Length (nt): 1434

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003784

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:ZK1127.1.1	ZK1127.1.1	1242	II: 7065618-7067051

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:ZK1127.1	ZK1127.1	780	II: 7065674-7065754

41 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00001960
• WBRNAi00052222
• WBRNAi00059126
• WBRNAi00099841
• WBRNAi00100518
• WBRNAi00083942
• WBRNAi00115593
• WBRNAi00078300
• WBRNAi00078302
• WBRNAi00078301
• WBRNAi00018031
• WBRNAi00018037
• WBRNAi00021817
• WBRNAi00085149
• WBRNAi00027908
• WBRNAi00038154
• WBRNAi00085150
• WBRNAi00085152
• WBRNAi00085151
• WBRNAi00115594
• WBRNAi00100892
• WBRNAi00099235
• WBRNAi00099639
• WBRNAi00099437
• WBRNAi00086644
• WBRNAi00086647
• WBRNAi00086646
• WBRNAi00077134
• WBRNAi00062482
• WBRNAi00085153

22 Allele

• gk963801
• gk963053
• WBVar01373063
• gk817320
• gk657247
• gk433913
• WBVar01307407
• it21
• tm6976
• ok230
• gk146202
• gk146201
• WBVar01241031
• WBVar01241030
• gk146203
• tm6900
• WBVar00551174
• otn2758
• ax2033
• ax2034
• ax2049
• ax2050

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: II
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15279421

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003784
• Start: 7065618
• End: 7067051
• Strand: 1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

198 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in AGP22 [nhr-49(nr2041)I;glp-1(e2141)III] comparing to in CF1903 [glp-1(e2144)III] at Day 2 adults.	Fold change > 2, p Value of < 0.05 and a false discovery rate (FDR) of < 0.05.	WBPaper00061530:nhr-49(e2144)_downregulated
	Genes that were upregulated in lin-15B(n744).	For each gene in each microarray hybridization experiment, the ratio of RNA levels from the two samples was transformed into a log2 value and the mean log2 ratio was calculated. The log2 ratios were normalized by print-tip Loess normalization (Dudoit and Yang, 2002). All genes with a false discovery rate of <= 5% (q <= 0.05) (Storey and Tibshirani, 2003) and a mean fold-change ratio of >= 1.5 were selected for further analysis.	WBPaper00038168:lin-15B(n744)_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Exposure for 16 hours.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 after animals were exposed to E. faecalis OG1RF for 16 hours comparing to exposure to E. Coli OP50.	Cuffcompare and Cuffdiff	WBPaper00056090:E.faecalis_downregulated_N2
Heat shock: 35C for 1 hour.	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression immediately after 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite endu-2(tm4977) animals were exposed to 35C for 1 hour.	The DESeq2 (GalaxyVersion 2.11.40.6 + galaxy1) was used to determine differentiallyexpressed features from count tables of differential transcript abundances. log2FC > 1, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065749:Heat-Shock_upregulated_endu-2(tm4977)
Heat shock: 35C for 1 hour.	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression immediately after 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals were exposed to 35C for 1 hour.	The DESeq2 (GalaxyVersion 2.11.40.6 + galaxy1) was used to determine differentiallyexpressed features from count tables of differential transcript abundances. log2FC > 1, FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00065749:Heat-Shock_upregulated_N2
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva fem-3(q20) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_fem-3(q20)
Bacteria diet: Escherichia coli HB101. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria E. coli HB101 for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:HB101_downregulated
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 10 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.1mix_downregulated_12h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 6h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_6h
Bacteria infection: Bacillus thuringiensis	mRNAs that showed significantly decreased expression after pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis infections comparing to non pathogenic BT (BT247(1 to 2 mix) vs BT407 12h), according to RNAseq.	Cuffdiff, ajusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00046497:B.thuringiensis_0.5mix_downregulated_12h
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in hsp-6(mg585) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage.	EdgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.001.	WBPaper00056290:hsp-6(mg585)_downregulated
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Strictly maternal class (SM): genes that are the subset of maternal genes that are not also classified as embryonic.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_SM
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in alg-1(gk214), comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, Fold change > 1.5.	WBPaper00051404:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated

6 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031770
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr1162550
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr1161
• Remark: The fact that NOS-2 can be detected in the germ lineage as early as the 28-cell stage strongly suggest that NOS-2 is expressed from maternal RNA, since zygotic transcription is not thought to begin in the germ lineage until the 100-cell stage. The specificity of antibody was confirmed by staining embryos deficient for NOS-2. Affinity-purified anti-NOS-2 antibody detected NOS-2 in nos-1(RNAi) and nos-1(gv5) embryos, but not in nos-2(RNAi) embryos. NOS-1 and NOS-2 thus do not depend on each other for expression.
• Pattern: NOS-2 protein is expressed sequentially during embryogenesis. First detected expression of NOS-2 in the 1-cell stage; at this stage, NOS-2 was present uniformly throughout the embryo. No NOS-2 expression was detected in 2- to 20-cell embryos. NOS-2 expression reappeared in the 28-cell stage in the cytoplasm of the germline blastomere P4. In some embryos, NOS-2 staining appeared to be concentrated in a few perinuclear foci. NOS-2 expression continued in P4 and its two daughters Z2 and Z3 until approximately the 200-cell stage. NOS-2 levels decreased sharply in later stages and were undetectable by the 550-cell stage.
• Subcellular Localization: cytoplasm

• Primary Identifier: Expr1159
• Pattern: maternal RNAs are preferentially maintained in germline blastomeres. In some embryos hybridized to the nos-2 probe, in situ signal appeared concentrated in small dots around the nuclei of germline blastomeres. The majority of nos-2 positive foci were also recognized by the K76 antibody for P granules. Not all nos-2 transcripts, however, appear to be localized on P granules, since significant levels of nos-2 RNA could also be detected throughout the cytoplasm of somatic blastomeres that do not contain P granules.
• Subcellular Localization: small dots around the nuclei

• Primary Identifier: Expr2032598
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2014357
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

13 GO Annotation

13 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003784
• Start: 7065618
• End: 7067051
• Strand: 1

13 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 1434

1 Sequence Ontology Term

• Name: gene

4 Strains

• WBStrain00022251
• WBStrain00022439
• WBStrain00022445
• WBStrain00003947

0 Upstream Intergenic Region