WormMine: Gene WBGene00004773

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00004773
• Gene Name: sem-4
• Sequence Name: F15C11.1
• Brief Description: sem-4 encodes a zinc-finger protein; sem-4 activity is required for proper development of cells in neuronal, mesodermal, and vulval cell lineages; sem-4 activity is also required for transdifferentiation of the Y rectal cell to the PDA neuron during larval development; a SEM-4::GFP reporter fusions are widely expressed with fluorescence seen in a number of different cell types including neurons, hypodermis, vulval precursor cells, and tail blast cells such as B and F.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in cell differentiation; regulation of gene expression; and response to oxidative stress. Located in nucleus. Expressed in several structures, including HSN; M lineage cell; rectal epithelial cell; rectum; and tail hypodermis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Duane retraction syndrome; Duane-radial ray syndrome; and Holt-Oram syndrome. Is an ortholog of human SALL1 (spalt like transcription factor 1) and SALL3 (spalt like transcription factor 3).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: I :1.65489 ±0.003417
• Length (nt): 9933

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00004773

Genomics

1 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:F15C11.1.1	F15C11.1.1	2841	I: 7038900-7048832

Other

1 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:F15C11.1	F15C11.1	2235	I: 7038908-7038983

17 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00114296
• WBRNAi00114061
• WBRNAi00114140
• WBRNAi00114219
• WBRNAi00067045
• WBRNAi00001149
• WBRNAi00044703
• WBRNAi00073023
• WBRNAi00025112
• WBRNAi00025113
• WBRNAi00013363
• WBRNAi00027674
• WBRNAi00114020
• WBRNAi00114099
• WBRNAi00114178
• WBRNAi00114255
• WBRNAi00107222

118 Allele

• gk962858
• gk962706
• gk963902
• gk114180
• gk544972
• WBVar02124860
• gk962619
• sa416
• tm547
• cxTi9797
• cxTi9709
• gk952856
• n2087
• n2477
• ga82
• WBVar01283420
• WBVar01283419
• gk524987
• gk328596
• gk462599
• ku200
• gk905985
• ku206
• gk326612
• gk451240
• gk937797
• WBVar01411657
• ku210
• gk388928
• gk721962

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: I
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 15072434

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00004773
• Start: 7038900
• End: 7048832
• Strand: 1

3 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrI_7048833..7050041
• Length (nt): 1209
• Chromosome Location: I: 7048833-7050041
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

201 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:all-neurons_L1-larva_expressed
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Neuronally enriched transcripts according to a comparison of neuronal nuclei IP samples to total nuclei using isolation of nuclei from tagged specific cell types (INTACT) technology.	DESEQ2, fold change > 2 and FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00062103:neuron_enriched
	Genes that showed expression levels higher than the corresponding reference sample (embryonic 24hr reference).	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:bodywall-muscle_L1-larva_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in the epithelial tissues surrounding the pharynx that includes the arcade and intestinal valve (AIV) cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pbath-15-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:arcade_intestinal-valve_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in body muscle, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-3-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:body-muscle_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in hypodermis, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pdpy-7-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:hypodermis_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in atfs-1(cmh15) (null allele) animals comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	edgeR, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00060909:atfs-1(cmh15)_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in intestine, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pges-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:intestine_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in pharynx, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pmyo-2-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:pharynx_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in seam cells, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pgrd-10-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:seam_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_daf-16(mu86);glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in day 3 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-3-adult_vs_L4_downregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in rrf-3(pk1426) comparing to in N2 at embryo stage.	DESeq2v 1.18.1, fold change > 1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00056169:rrf-3(pk1426)_upregulated_embryo
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after four-day-old young adult worms were placed on NGM plates seeded with OP50 in the presence 5% Agaro-oligosaccharides(AGO) for 24 h, comparing to animals grown in the absence of AGO.	Fold change > 2.	WBPaper00064306:Agaro-oligosaccharides_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
Dietary restriction	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after N2 animals were under dietary restriction (DR, OP50 OD = 0.1) from 3-day post L4 till 6-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage, comparing to under ad libtum (AL, OP50 OD = 3) condition.	Bioconductor package edgeR, p < 0.05.	WBPaper00056443:DietaryRestriction_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_upregulated
	Genes that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370);hel-1(gk148684) comparing to in hel-1(gk148684)	To identify DEGs, Students t test and the log2 median ratio test were performed to compute t values and median ratios for all the annotated genes. The adjusted P values from each test were computed using an empirical distribution of the null hypothesis, which was obtained from random permutations of the samples. Finally, the adjusted P values from the individual tests were combined to compute the overall P values using Stouffers method , and genes with overall P < 0.05 and fold change > 1.5 were selected as DEGs.	WBPaper00047131:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated_hel-1(gk148684)-background
	Genes that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370) comparing to in N2.	To identify DEGs, Students t test and the log2 median ratio test were performed to compute t values and median ratios for all the annotated genes. The adjusted P values from each test were computed using an empirical distribution of the null hypothesis, which was obtained from random permutations of the samples. Finally, the adjusted P values from the individual tests were combined to compute the overall P values using Stouffers method , and genes with overall P < 0.05 and fold change > 1.5 were selected as DEGs.	WBPaper00047131:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated_N2-background
	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after 24 hour exposure to stavudine (d4T) starting at L1 lava stage.	DESeq	WBPaper00053302:stavudine_24h_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in dissected female germline comparing to in dissected male germline.	Log2 Fold change > 2 or <-1, p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00053599:female_vs_male_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in xrep-4(lax137).	DESeq2. Genes were selected if their p value < 0.01.	WBPaper00066062:xrep-4(lax137)_upregulated
	Proteins that showed significantly decreased expression after 1-day-old wild type adults were exposed to cisplatin (300ug per mL) for 6 hours.	The differential expression analysis was performed in R. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by using a two-sided t-test on log-transformed data.	WBPaper00065373:Cisplatin_downregulated_WT

11 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr13828
• Pattern: sem-4 is expressed in the HSN at L4 coinciding with the onset of differentiation. sem-4 is also expressed in other neurons but not in the ADF serotonergic neuron. SEM-4 is widely expressed inthe embryo in the area were HSN is located, although it is likely to be expressed atthis early stage in HSN, the authors could not unequivocally identify it. sem-4 expression is maintained in HSN after differentiation.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8184
• Remark: Picture: N.A.
• Pattern: sem-4 is expressed in all rectal cells in L1s hermaphrodites (i.e., Y, U, B, F, K, and K') and in all rectal cells, including P12.pa, in L3 or older worms.

• Primary Identifier: Expr949
• Pattern: gfp is expressed in a variety of cells, including the HSNs; hyp 8, 9, and 10; B; F; rect D; DVC; some ventral cord neurons; cells in the head; and cells in the preanal ganglion. sem-4 gfp is expressed in the VPCs. Expression in the VPCs is first observable during L2 and persists in the vulval lineages until the vulval divisions are complete. Expression is undetectable again by the mid-L4 stage, before vulval morphogenesis has terminated. Expression of sem-4 gfp in vulval cells is often strongest in the descendants of P7.p.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032365
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Marker107
• Pattern: Marker for rectal cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1200157
• Pattern: Data from the TransgeneOme project

• Primary Identifier: Expr13403
• Pattern: sem-4::GFP is expressed throughout the M lineage from the 1-M stage to the 18-M stage, and in the SM sub-lineage from the 2-SM stage to the 16-SM stage, before the cells differentiate. When these cells terminally differentiate, sem-4::GFP becomes undetectable in the differentiated coelomocytes and vulval muscles, but remains expressed in the differentiated BWMs.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2015742
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2033975
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1015111
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr1148677
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

23 GO Annotation

0 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00004773
• Start: 7038900
• End: 7048832
• Strand: 1

23 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 9933

1 Sequence Ontology Term