WormMine: ExpressionPattern Expr1213

• Pattern: Staining is first observed in comma stage embryos and is primarily found at regions of contact between adjacent muscle cells. Some intracellular staining of body-wall muscle cells is also observed, but neither sera stain the underlying hypodermis. Between the comma and 1.5-fold stages, staining spreads from regions of cell-cell contact over the basal face of each muscle cell, where the basement membrane is located. In older embryos, differences in staining are observed with GM1 and GM3. Beginning at the 1.5-fold stage, GM1 stains the posterior end of the pharynx. The anterior pharynx begins to stain somewhat later. By the 3-fold stage, GM1 staining surrounds the pharynx from the anterior margin to the pharyngeal-intestinal valve. GM1 also stains the anal sphincter and depressor muscles at this stage. UNC-52 is specifically associated with contractile tissues in C. elegans and is not found in the basement membranes lining the pseudocoelom or surrounding the intestine. GM3 only stains the body-wall muscles and does not stain the pharynx or anal muscles at any stage of embryonic development. Both GM1 and GM3 stain the body-wall muscles in embryos, larvae, and adults. In larvae and adults, these antisera stain the dense bodies, M-lines, and muscle cell margins, in addition to the basement membrane underlying the muscle quadrants. Both antisera also stain the basement membranes associated with the pharyngeal, anal, and sex-specific muscles in adult animals. GM1 staining of the pharynx, body-wall muscles, and reproductive muscles is shown. UNC-52 is concentrated over focal adhesion-like structures in the pharyngeal muscles. GM1 staining surrounds the pharynx from the anterior margin to the pharyngealintestinal valve, and muscle cells within the terminal bulb stain with a punctate pattern. This punctate staining pattern was not observed in animals prepared by freeze-fracture.
• Primary Identifier: Expr1213

5 Anatomy Terms

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
A group of six equivalent cells forms a tightly constructed `valve` that links the posterior bulb of the pharynx to the anterior four cells of the intestine. These six cells comprise a small epithelial channel with a cuticular lining in continuity with the pharyngeal cuticle and link the lumen of the pharynx to the large lumen of the anterior intestine.	pharyngeal-intestinal valve	cardia	WBbt:0005767
type of cells that make up muscle layers in the pharynx.	pharyngeal muscle cell		WBbt:0005451
Longitudinal bands of muscle cells surrounding animal body, with one band running in each quadrant of the body, regulated contraction and relaxation of these muscles cause locomotion.	body wall musculature	body muscle	WBbt:0005813
a single, H-shaped cell which lies just above the anus and connects the roof of the anal canal to the dorsal bodywall; its contractions act to increase the size of the anal opening by lifting the roof of the rectum and hence facilitate expulsion of intestinal contents.	anal depressor muscle	dilator muscle	WBbt:0004292
a saddle-shaped muscle cell that encircles the intestinal-rectal valve	anal sphincter muscle	lineage name: ABprpppppap	WBbt:0005798

1 Genes

WormBase Gene ID	Gene Name	Sequence Name	Organism
WBGene00006787	unc-52	ZC101.2	Caenorhabditis elegans

6 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	A developemental life stage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that occurs from egg hatching until death.		postembryonic Ce	WBls:0000022