WormMine: Gene WBGene00006365

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00006365
• Gene Name: syg-1
• Sequence Name: K02E10.8
• Brief Description: syg-1 encodes a novel transmembrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of proteins; during larval development, SYG-1 activity is required cell autonomously within the HSNL neuron to specify proper synaptic specificity with its targets, such as vulval muscles and the VC neuron; in regulating synapse formation, SYG-1 acts as a receptor for a second immunoglobulin superfamily protein, SYG-2, a synaptic guidepost protein that interacts with SYG-1 and whose activity is essential for proper SYG-1 localization in HSNL; expression of a SYG-1::GFP reporter fusion in HSNL under the control of the unc-86 promoter reveals that SYG-1 localizes to axons and accumulates at future sites of synaptic vesicle clustering, while expression under an endogenous reporter reveals weak expression in head motorneurons, occasionally in HSN neurons, and in other cells in the vulval region.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables cell adhesion molecule binding activity. Involved in actin filament bundle assembly; cell-cell signaling; and nervous system development. Located in axon and synapse. Expressed in amphid sheath cell; egg-laying apparatus; head muscle; hypodermis; and neurons. Used to study nephrotic syndrome. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in nephrotic syndrome type 23. Is an ortholog of human KIRREL1 (kirre like nephrin family adhesion molecule 1) and KIRREL2 (kirre like nephrin family adhesion molecule 2).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: X :-14.7236 ±0.103894
• Length (nt): 6012

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00006365

Genomics

3 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:K02E10.8b.1	K02E10.8b.1	2613	X: 2509313-2515323
Transcript:K02E10.8a.1	K02E10.8a.1	2544	X: 2509317-2515317
Transcript:K02E10.8c.1	K02E10.8c.1	2601	X: 2509317-2515324

Other

3 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:K02E10.8c	K02E10.8c	2184	X: 2509719-2509861
CDS:K02E10.8a	K02E10.8a	2112	X: 2509741-2509861
CDS:K02E10.8b	K02E10.8b	2193	X: 2509719-2509870

3 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00007263
• WBRNAi00049710
• WBRNAi00016458

95 Allele

• gk963725
• tm10762
• gk415816
• tm12671
• gk273700
• WBVar01757760
• WBVar01601089
• WBVar01979774
• WBVar01544443
• h14055
• WBVar01813710
• ok3640
• WBVar01813709
• WBVar01813708
• wy1602
• gk5167
• gk502383
• gk737428
• gk568028
• gk789813
• gk361704
• gk540968
• gk470580
• ky652
• WBVar01941382
• gk786882
• ttTi22676
• gk693229
• WBVar02044356
• gk720961

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: X
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17718942

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006365
• Start: 2509313
• End: 2515324
• Strand: -1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

1 Downstream Intergenic Region

• WormBase ID: intergenic_region_chrX_2508550..2509312
• Length (nt): 763
• Chromosome Location: X: 2508550-2509312
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans

139 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Genes significantly enriched (> 2x, FDR < 5%) in a particular cell-type versus a reference sample of all cells at the same stage.	A Mann-Whitney U test with an empirical background model and FDR correction for multiple testing was used to detect expressed transcripts (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995). Genes and TARs with an FDR <= 0.05 were reported as expressed above background. Authors detected differentially expressed transcripts using a method based on linear models. Genes and TARs were called differentially expressed if the FDR was <= 0.05 and the fold change (FC) >= 2.0. To more strictly correct for potential false-positives resulting from multiple sample comparisons, authors divided individual FDR estimates by the number of samplesor sample comparisons, respectively. This resulted in an adjusted FDR of 1.3 * 0.0001 for expression above background and of 7.4 * 0.0001 for differential expression. Authors called genes selectively enriched in a given tissue if they met the following requirements: (1) enriched expression in a given tissue (FDR <= 0.05 and FC >= 2.0), (2) fold change versus reference among the upper 40% of the positive FC range observed for this gene across all tissues, and (3) fold-change entropy among the lower 40% of the distribution observed for all genes.	WBPaper00037950:A-class-motor-neurons_larva_enriched
adult vs dauer larva	Transcripts that showed differential expression in adult vs dauer lava in N2 animals at 20C.	N.A.	WBPaper00050488:adult_vs_dauer_regulated_N2_20C
	Neuronally enriched transcripts according to a comparison of neuronal nuclei IP samples to total nuclei using isolation of nuclei from tagged specific cell types (INTACT) technology.	DESEQ2, fold change > 2 and FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00062103:neuron_enriched
Bacteria infection: Enterococcus faecalis	Genes with increased expression after 24 hours of infection by E.faecalis Fold changes shown are pathogen vs OP50.	For RNA-seq and tiling arrays, log2 fold changes between gene expression values of infected versus uninfected nematodes were calculated. For log2 fold changes > 0.00001 the values > 81.25th percentile were defined as up-regulated and for log2 fold changes < -0.00001 the values < 18.75th percentile were defined as down-regulated.	WBPaper00038438:E.faecalis_24hr_upregulated_TilingArray
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 50uM Rifampicin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rifampicin_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50mM Metformin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Metformin_upregulated
	Genes significantly enriched in NSM neurons (isolated by FACS) versus the reference, according to RNAseq analysis towards total RNA.	Gene expression quantification and differential expression was analyzed using cufflinks v2.2.1. Enriched contains only genes significantly enriched (differentially expressed >= 2.4 fold in total RNA or >= 3.2 fold in DSN treated total RNA) in the NSM neurons versus the reference.	WBPaper00045974:NSM_enriched_totalRNA_RNAseq
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression at 5-days-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites comparing to 1-day-post L4 adult N2 hermaphrodites.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00065835:Day5_vs_Day1_downregulated
	Transcripts expressed in GABAergic neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Punc-47-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:GABAergic-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in rrf-3(pk1426) comparing to in N2 at embryo stage.	DESeq2v 1.18.1, fold change > 1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00056169:rrf-3(pk1426)_upregulated_embryo
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after four-day-old young adult worms were placed on NGM plates seeded with OP50 in the presence 5% Agaro-oligosaccharides(AGO) for 24 h, comparing to animals grown in the absence of AGO.	Fold change > 2.	WBPaper00064306:Agaro-oligosaccharides_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061203:sin-3(tm1276)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in N2 animals exposed to 0.1mM Paraquat from hatching to reaching adult stage.	DESeq2 version 1.22.2, p < 0.05	WBPaper00064716:paraquat_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in sin-3(tm1276) comparing to in N2 at early embryo when there were only 3 -5 eggs in the adult.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, adjusted p-value < 0.01	WBPaper00058598:sin-3(tm1276)_downregulated
	Transcripts detected in body muscle nuclei according to a nuclear FACS-based strategy.	Cufflinks	WBPaper00065120:body-muscle-transcriptome
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals with germline-specific inx-14(RNAi) comparing to in aniamls fed with control vector, both exposed to PA14 infection.	DESeq2. Differentially-expressed genes (DEG) were identified based on two criteria: FDR (False discovery rateusing Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-values) < 0.01 and absolute value of log2(Fold Change) > 1.	WBPaper00066146:germline-inx-14(RNAi)_upregulated_PA14
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hpk-1(pk1393) comparing to in N2 at adult day 2.	DESeq 2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00065581:hpk-1(pk1393)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-1(ne4752[3xFLAG-Degron-HDA-1]) in gonads dissected from 1-day old adult animals.	Salmon was used to map the mRNA-seq reads with the worm database WS268, and its output files were imported to DESeq2 in R. The differentially expressed genes were filtered by fold change more than 2 and adjusted p-value < 0.05. The scatter plots were generated by the plot function in R.	WBPaper00061479:hda-1(ne4752)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hda-2(ok1479) comparing to in N2 animals.	DESeq2 (version 1.28.1), FDR < 0.01, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00062159:hda-2(ok1479)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in npr-15(tm12539) comparing to in N2 at L4 larva stage.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066608:npr-15(tm12539)_upregulated
Bacteria infection: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. 4 hours at 25C.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after N2 L4 animals were infected by P. aeruginosa (PA14) bacteria for 24 hours at 25C.	DESeq R package (1.18.0), FDR < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00062184:PA14_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in srbc-48(ac23);kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts) comparing to in kyIs262;fer-1(b232ts), 24h after infection with P.aeruginosa.	DESeq2, FDR <0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00059664:srbc-48(ac23)_upregulated
Fungi infection: Haptoglossa zoospora.	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression after L4 N2 animals were exposed to omycete Haptoglossa zoospora for 6 hours.	Kalisto abundance files were converted and analysed using Sleuth in a R pipeline. Standard Sleuth protocols were used to calculate differential expression. P value < 0.01 and FDR < 0.01.	WBPaper00062354:H.zoospora_6h_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(+), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(+)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in animals lacking P granules by RNAi experiments targeting pgl-1, pgl-3, glh-1 and glh-4, and unc-119-GFP(-), comparing to in control animals, at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_P-granule(-)GFP(-)_vs_control_day2-adult
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in pgl-1(ct131) animals (isolated from SS0002[pgl-1(ct131)him-3(e1147)], comparing to in control animals SS1174, at 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis corrected p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 2.	WBPaper00050859:upregulated_pgl-1(ct131)_vs_control_day1-adult

13 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4865
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.8). Neuronal expression include: DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, VD, AS, head neurons. Also expressed in other cells: Head muscle. Pan-neuronal: enriched in embryo (1.8) and larva (1.5).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2035312
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr8840
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Neuronal Expression: ADF, ADL, AVH?, AIN, RIG, RIS, SAA?, SIA, SIB; RIF or SAB, RIM, DA, DB, DD, VA, VB, M3?, M4. Non-neuronal Expression: head muscle, vulva muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1032564
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr8205
• Pattern: Expressed in DA, VA, HSN and other neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1760
• Remark: Reference: personal communication from Oliver Hobert 2002-12-07.
• Pattern: Neuronal expression in: several weak head neurons, many VNC-MNs Non-neuronal expression in: hypodermis

• Primary Identifier: Expr1153428
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2385
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in head motorneurons, occasionally in HSN neurons, and weakly in other cells in the vulval region . Because expression was weak, variable, and not localized to cell bodies, the complete group of cells that expressed SYG-1 could not be defined.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15504
• Pattern: SYG-1 is expressed in AMsh glia.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1022663
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

• Primary Identifier: Expr2017176
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr13052
• Subcellular Localization: The full-length SYG-1 is normally localized at the primary synaptic region, at the points of contact between the primary vulval epithelial cells expressing SYG-2 and the HSNL axon at the vulva.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3410
• Subcellular Localization: On the HSNL axon, SYG-1::GFP becomes clustered adjacent to the developing vulva at the same time in L3 that SYG-2::GFP expression began. SNB-1::YFP, the synaptic vesicle marker, clusters at the same location several hours later.

31 GO Annotation

18 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00006365
• Start: 2509313
• End: 2515324
• Strand: -1

31 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 6012

1 Sequence Ontology Term