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Picture: Figure 1. |
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Expr8361
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GFP expression initiated in the early gastrula. Robust expression of Prncs-1::GFP was observed in the midgut (E cell lineage) starting at the 28-cell stage and continuing into adulthood. By the comma stage, fluorescence was also visible in the embryo periphery in cells that give rise to hypodermis. In L1 larva and subsequent stages, strong expression of GFP was seen in hypodermal cells, including Hyp 7 syncytium and head and tail hypodermis. The expression pattern was identical in hermaphrodites and males, but adult hermaphrodites displayed fluorescence in vulval epithelium. Expression was absent in seam cells, nervous system, and pharynx. The Prncs-1::GFP reporter showed increased expression during starvation. Although fluorescence intensity was enhanced under starved conditions, the spatial expression pattern was unchanged. Expression of the Prncs-1::GFP transgene was also enhanced in males. An ~2.5-fold increase in rncs-1 expression in total RNA prepared from wild-type, well fed males, compared with hermaphrodites. |
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Expr4396
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The tissues expressing pps-1(FL)::EGFP and the timing of its expression were almost identical to those expressing pps-1p::EGFP. See Expr4395 |
pps-1(FL)::EGFP is dominantly localized in nuclei of all expressing cells. |
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Expr4344
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qua-1pro::GFP was found to be expressed in the hypodermal cells covering the whole body from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail spike, but not in the lateral hypodermal cells, i.e., the seam cells. Furthermore, expression was seen in the excretory duct and pore cells from threefold stage embryos to adults. However, in adults the GFP intensity appears weaker than in larvae. In L1 larvae, qua-1 is expressed in two, sometimes four, cells of the anterior as well as the posterior of the intestine and a rectal epithelial cell. In addition, transient expression was observed in the P cells in L1 in the ventral side of the animal and in a few sensilla support cells in the head. In adults, qua-1pro::GFP is transiently expressed in a few cells in the head that remain to be identified. |
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Expr4651
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GFP driven by the lon-2 promoter (3 kb of its upstream sequence) was expressed strongly in the intestine, most prominently in the most anterior and posterior cells. Expression in these regions was observed throughout development, beginning in the embryo and continuing into adulthood. Very weak fluorescence was also seen in hypodermal cells in the head and tail. |
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Expr4646
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Expression of TRPA-1:: GFP fusion proteins was observed in several cell types. In lines carrying the short fusion construct (for example, ljEx107), TRPA-1:: GFP fusion protein was localized to many tissues, including pharyngeal muscle and body wall muscle, the excretory system, the rectal gland cell, vulval epithelium, epithelial cells in the head, and the spermatheca. Sporadic expression was also observed in some head neurons with this construct. |
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Expr4647
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Transgenic lines generated with the partial protein fusion construct (for example, ljEx109) expressed TRPA-1:: GFP in the same cells as ljEx107 (see Expr4646), but with some additional cells, including the majority of amphid sensory neurons (for example, ASH, AWA, AWB, ASI and ASK) and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB. |
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Expr4648
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Transgenic lines generated with the full-length protein fusion construct (for example, ljEx114) expressed TRPA-1:: GFP in the same cells as ljEx107 (see Expr4646), but with some additional cells, including the majority of amphid sensory neurons (for example, ASH, AWA, AWB, ASI and ASK) and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB. The full-length TRPA-1:: GFP fusion was also expressed in the PVD and PDE in the postdeirid sensilla and the sensory neurons OLQ and IL1. Other neurons in the head and ventral nerve cord also expressed TRPA-1:: GFP. |
The fusion protein was observed at the cilia of sensory neurons, as well as at the cell body. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4492
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Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult, intestine at adult stage, pharynx from L2 to adult, head hypodermal cells/muscle from L2 to adult stage, specific pair of head neurons from L2 to adult. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4491
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Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult, posterior neurons from L2 to adult, pharynx in some L2/L3 animals, head hypodermal cells/muscle at adult stage, specific pair of head neurons from L2 to adult. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4485
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Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult, posterior neurons from L2 to adult, intestine from L2 to adult, pharynx from L2 to adult, mid body cell bodies in some L4 animals, head hypodermal cells/muscle from L2 to adult. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4486
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Expressed in posterior neurons from L2 to adult, intestine from L2 to adult, pharynx from L2 to adult, head hypodermal cells/muscle in some L2/L3 animals. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4487
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Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult, pharynx from L2 to adult, mid body cell bodies at L4, head hypodermal cells/muscle at adult stage. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4488
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Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) in L2/L3 and adult, intestine from L2 to adult, pharynx from L2 to adult, head hypodermal cells/muscle at L4 stage. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4480
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Expressed in pharynx from L2 to adult, in some animals also expressed in pharyngeal neurons (not individually identified in this study) at L2/L3 and adult, head hypodermal cells/muscle from L4 to adult, posterior neurons from L4 to adult, body wall muscle from L4 to adult. Expressed in anterior neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to adult. |
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No detailed description on expression pattern in other life stage. |
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Expr4479
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Expressed in pharynx from L2 to adult, in some animals also expressed in pharyngeal neurons (not individually identified in this study) from L2 to L4 and head hypodermal cells/muscle at L4. |
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Picture: Fig 3A, 3B. |
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Expr8984
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Staining was observed in all larval and adult stages, localizing to the nuclei of the hypodermal cells, specifically the head (hyp3, hyp4, hyp6, and hyp7) and seam/body (hyp7, H, V, and P) hypodermal cells. |
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Expr3695
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Fluorescence was observed in epithelial cells that synthesize cuticle. Expressed in the hypodermis, including the major body syncytium, hyp7, and hypodermal cells in the head and tail. A pulse of fluorescence was observed in the hypodermis prior to molting. Fluorescence from mlt-8p::gfp-pest was first detected approximately 3 h before the L1/L2 molt, or 13 h after hatchlings synchronized by starvation were fed and incubated at 25 centigrades. The intensity of fluorescence increased until lethargus and then decreased rapidly, such that GFP was barely detectable just 2 h after molting. When monitoring individual transgenic larvae over the course of development, fluorescence from mlt-8p::gfp-pest was observed from 65 +/- 2% to 90 +/- 2% of the duration of each larval stage. The mlt-8 reporter was expressed, in larvae, in a single posterior neuron that remains to be identified. Expression of the gfp fusion genes was never detected in the hypodermis of gravid adults that no longer molt. |
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genomic |
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Expr11753
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Isoform 1a |
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Expr11754
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Picture: N.A. |
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Expr8910
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Expressed in phyaryngeal muscle, marginal cells, all intestinal cells, seam (strong), other hypodermis (weak), arcade cells, spermatheca, vulva and rectal epithelial cells, |
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Picture: Figure 2d. |
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Expr8021
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The 3.6 kb region upstream of the olrn-1b start site was expressed in the marginal cells of the pharynx, anterior hypodermal cells and the rectal gland cells. |
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Expr2252
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The LTD-1::GFP signal is present throughout the development of C. elegans. This signal was detected as early as the 2-fold embryo. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. Its expression is observed in the seam cells of the early embryo and in the larval stages once these cells have commenced division. The LTD-1::GFP signal is also observed in rectal epithelial cells (tentatively, U and Y cells) and in the terminal bulb (marginal cells) and isthmus of the pharynx from hatching to adulthood. |
The LTD-1::GFP construct is expressed in the apical regions of the dorsal and ventral hypodermis in very tightly organized circumferential filament bundles. This cytoskeletal expression pattern mirrors the intracellular distribution of actin and tubulin in C. elegans. In late embryos, the GFP signal is localized to the apical junction between hyp 5, hyp 6 and hyp 7 and between the seam cells and the P blast cells in the ventral midline. This signal highlights the cell fusion processes that take place during post-embryonic development. The ltd-1 reporter is also expressed throughout the seam cell division process. It clearly outlines the cytokinesis between posterior mother cells and anterior daughter cells and illustrates the subsequent fusion of the anterior daughter cells to the hypodermal syncitium. The GFP signal is also observed in longitudinal filaments within the cytoplasm linking both extremities of the elongating seam cells and in the alae formed by their fusion. |
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Reporter gene fusion type not specified. |
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Expr1144
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LacZ expressed in neurons, the hypodermis, and the spermatheca. The expression is seen in nuclei of the hypodermal syncytia hyp3-hyp10, but not in the seam cells. The lacZ expressing hypodermal cells are both embryonically derived and postembryonically derived, from the P and V blast cells. At the L1 stage the expression is uniform in the hypodermis, however in later stages, especially L4 to young adult, the expression takes the form of a gradient centered on the vulval region of the hermaphrodites. |
nuclei |
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Expr1396
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The earliest detectable expression of UNC-115::GFP was in neurons and epidermis at about 300 min postfertilization, when the embryo begins to elongate, and axons begin to grow. UNC-115::GFP and the shorter fusion GFPS was expressed in most or all neurons throughout development. UNC-115::GFP expression was also observed in non neuronal cells, including the epidermal syncytium hyp7, the head and tail epidermal cells, the excretory canal cell, the pharynx, and the developing vulva, but not in the lateral epidermal seam cells or the ventral epidermal P cells. The earliest detectable expression of UNC-115::GFP was in neurons and epidermis at about 300 min postfertilization, when the embryo begins to elongate, and axons begin to grow. UNC-115::GFP and the shorter fusion GFPS was expressed in most or all neurons throughout development. UNC-115::GFP expression was also observed in nonneuronal cells, including the epidermal syncytium hyp7, the head and tail epidermal cells, the excretory canal cell, the pharynx, and the developing vulva, but not in the lateral epidermal seam cells or the ventral epidermal P cells. |
UNC-115::GFP protein was present uniformly in neuronal cell bodies and processes and was excluded from nuclei. The protein was also present at high levels in the growth cones of developing axons as they extended to their targets and in cell-cortex-associated plaques along the excretory canals as well as plaques at the junctions of epidermal cells. |
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Integrated transgenic line not described in the article. |
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Expr1416
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When transgenic animals carrying pTG96 on an extrachromosomal array (kuEx75) were examined, the fusion protein, as judged by fluorescence of GFP, was observed tightly localized to the nuclei of most cells. SUR-5 appeared to be expressed in the VPCs. Cell types that express this fusion protein include neurons, hypodermis, Pn.p cells, body muscles, many cells of the pharynx, and a few cells of the somatic gonads. Cells that do not display the fluorescence include B, F, K , K.a, K.p, hyp3, the germ line, and the excretory duct cells. In nonmosaic animals, the intensity varies among the cells. The intestinal cells and excretory cells are almost always very bright, whereas neurons are almost always fainter. Uterine cells and many of the cells derived from the M cell are very faint and often difficult to see. The SUR-5GFP fusion proteins are expressed in all stages of C. elegans development. The earliest expression is at the 100- to 150-cell embryonic stage, and the fusion proteins are expressed throughout development from that stage on. The same expression pattern is seen when this array is integrated into one of the chromosomes. pTG96_1 is still localized in the nuclei of most cells. The expression pattern is the same as that seen from the array containing pTG96 (with NLS), but the nuclear localization is not as tight, and there appears to be some diffusion of SUR-5GFP proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. |
Both constructs are expressed in nuclei; and a relatively small amount of SUR-5GFP fusion protein from pTG96_1 is detected in cytoplasm. |
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Expr2893
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Beta-Galactosidase expression was observed in many cells, including gut, hypodermal, and other cells within the developing embryos. However, because of the intense staining in some parts of the developing embryos, the identification of the many stained cells was not possible. In post-embryonic stages, beta-galactosidase staining was present in the hypodermal cells of all larval stages mature gravid hermaphrodites (710 days after L4 adult hermaphrodite). Beta-Galactosidase staining was also detected in intestinal cells. The cpz-1:lacZ expression in all stages was specifically detected in the large hypodermal syncytium covering most of the worm (hyp7), and in the hypodermal cells of the head (hyp4 and hyp6) and occasionally in hypodermal cells in the tail. Beta-Galactosidase staining was also present in few pharyngeal cells of the adult worms but not in the pharyngeal cells of larval stages. Expression of cpz-1:gfp translational construct was detected in all developmental stages except embryos. The cpz-1:gfp expression was restricted to the hypodermis, with additional expression in the pharynx and the gonad only in the L4 and adult worms stages. The specific expression in the pharynx of adult stages was similar to that observed in cpz-1:lacZ transgenic worms. There was no embryonic expression of the gfp construct. |
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Expr8408
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Expression detected from late embryos to adults. In late embryos to L1, expression is seen in dnc and intestine. From L2 to adults, expression is detected in almost all tissues except germline; specifically muscle, rectum, vulva, spermatheca, pharynx, intestine, vnc, dnc, nerve ring, hypodermis. |
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Expr8409
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Expression seen from late L1 to adult stages. Weak expression detected ubiquitously (except germline). Stronger in pharynx, vulva, vulval muscle, body wall muscle. |
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Expr8458
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Expression seen ubiquitously (except germline) from pre-comma stage to adulthood. |
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Expr8466
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Expression detected from L1 to adult. Expression becomes stronger in later stages and in adults is almost ubiquitous. Strongest expression seen in nerve ring, hypodermis, vulva and pharynx. |
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