WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0004007

• Definition: Anterior deirid, sensory neuron, dopaminergic
• Name: ADER
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0004007
• Synonym: lineage name: ABprapaaaapa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABprapaaaapa	ABprapaaaapa nucleus		WBbt:0001624

1 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in ADEL, ADER according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:ADE

80 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4382
• Pattern: Expressed in AVA, RIB, RID, SIB, SMD, CEP(?), ADE(?), some unidentified neurons in the head and tail. Also expressed in anal depressor, head muscles (strong), body wall muscles (strong).

• Primary Identifier: Expr16352
• Pattern: We confirmed previous reports that the asic-1 promoter drives expression in the ADE, CEP, PVQ, PDE and PVD neurons (De Stasio et al., 2018; Husson et al., 2012; Voglis & Tavernarakis, 2008) and also observed expression in FLP and ventral cord neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11820
• Pattern: asic-1 is expressed in eight neurons comprising the C. elegans dopaminergic system (the four cephalic neurons; two anterior deirid neurons and two posterior deirid neurons; CEP, ADE, PDE, respectively). Expression is also detected in four additional neurons in the tail, two of which are the bilaterally symmetric PVQ interneurons.
• Subcellular Localization: A full-length ASIC-1::GFP and an amino-terminal ASIC-1N::GFP chimaeras showed prominent punctuate distribution along the processes of dopaminergic neurons, in synapse-rich areas. A DsRED-synaptobrevin fusion colocalizes with both ASIC- 1::GFP and ASIC-1N::GFP in these puncta. Thus, ASIC-1 localizes at presynaptic termini of dopaminergic neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr11574
• Pattern: atat-2 is expressed not only in touch receptor neurons but also in a subset of ciliated neurons, namely, PDE, ADE, CEP, and OLQ.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr14590
• Pattern: Embryonic expression of exc-7 was first observed at the bean stage. By reverse lineaging with use of SIMI-Biocell software, we confirm the identity of one of the expressing cells at this stage as the excretory canal cell. In L1 animals, broad expression in the head, ventral nerve cord (VNC), and tail was observed. In young adults, expression is notably observed in vulva cells. In the nervous system specifically, expression is observed in many neurons throughout the body, but unlike Drosophila Elav, exc-7::gfp it is not panneuronally expressed. We confirmed previously reported expression in cholinergic VNC MNs, but absence of GABAergic VNC MNs, consistent with previous reports (Fujita et al., 1999; Loria et al., 2003) and consistent with exc-7 functioning in cholinergic, but not GABAergic neurons to control alternative splicing (Norris et al., 2014). exc-7::gfp is also expressed in some non-neuronal cell types, including muscle and hypodermis, but not in the gut. A previous report showed that exc-7 is only transiently and weakly expressed in the excretory cell, which, based on exc-7's excretory mutant phenotype, has puzzled researchers (Fujita et al., 2003). We find that the gfp tagged exc-7 locus is strongly and continuously expressed in the excretory canal cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr15402

• Primary Identifier: Expr11367
• Pattern: SNF-3::GFP transgenic worms displayed strong expression in the excretory canal, tail hypodermal cells, epidermis and vulval epithelia cells. SNF-3 was also expressed in some neurons, including the excretory canal-associated neuron, and some sensory neurons in the head including ILs, OLs, ADE and AQR.

• Primary Identifier: Expr12508
• Pattern: TSP-17::GFP fusion protein expression was observed in all dopaminergic neurons: it was uniform along axons and dendrites of both dorsal and ventral pairs of CEP neurons, as well as in ADE neurons and in the posterior PDE neurons. Within the cell body, the TSP-17::GFP fusion seems to be excluded from the nucleus, a pattern that is more evident in a 'close-up' image of a PDE neuron, where the signal appears to form a ring-like structure around the nucleus. mCherry aggregates (coming from the pdat- 1::mcherry::let858 39UTR construct, which are not linked to neurodegeneration) form dot-like structures in dendrites and axons (arrows), and the surrounding TSP-17 fluorescent signal suggests plasma membrane expression. TSP- 17 enrichment at the plasma membrane can be observed most prominently in the large cells of the vulva and the sheath cells enclosing the spermatheca. In the spermatheca, TSP-17::GFP expression is also clearly enriched around the nucleus, possibly localizing to the nuclear membrane or endoplasmic reticulum. TSP-17::GFP is also expressed in multiple neurons throughout worm development. For instance, the NSM serotonergic neuron, which is characterized by extensive axon sprouting, shows TSP-17::GFP expression along its entire length. Prominent expression was also observed in the muscles of early stage larvae. Finally expression also appears to be apparent in muscles of the adult head. In summary, the TSP-17::GFP expression indicates that TSP-17 is expressed in dopaminergic neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3222
• Remark: Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Epidermis: ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp was strongly expressed in the excretory cell and rectal epithelial cells from the early L1 larval stage and through all life stages. Seam cell expression was first observed in the late L1 stage, while expression in the lateral hypodermis increased during the L3 stage and peaked during the L4 stage. Seam cell and hypodermal expression gradually decreased in the adult stage and was hardly visible among older adults. ncr-1Ap(s)::gfp was not expressed in the hypodermis under normal growth conditions, though lateral hypodermal but not seam cell expression was dramatically upregulated in starved animals of all developmental stages. No increase in hypodermal expression was seen in starved ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp animals. Intestine: Both ncr-1Ap(s)::gfp and ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp were strongly expressed throughout the intestine, with posterior intestinal expression consistently stronger than anterior expression. Musculature: ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp was strongly expressed in pharyngeal muscles, but not in body wall muscles. Nervous system: ncr-1Ap(s)::gfp and ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp were expressed in the same set of head and tail neurons and a pair of neuron-like cells identified as the XXX cells. According to their location and cellular morphology, the head neurons were identified as the pharyngeal neuron I6, the inner labial sensory neurons IL2s and the amphid neurons ASE and ASG. The expression level in the amphid neurons was weaker than in the other head neurons. The tail neurons were identified as PHC, in which expression was first detected during the L2 stage, consistent with the time of birth of the neurons at the end of L1. In contrast to the widespread expression of ncr-1Ap::gfp, ncr-1Bp::gfp is expressed exclusively in 10-12 pairs of head and tail neurons. The tail neurons were identified as PHA, PHB and DVC. One pair of head neurons was identified as AWC. The other head neurons were very tentatively identified as RIC, RIM, FLP, ADA, ADE, RID and maybe AIY. We also occasionally observed expression in a pair of head cells anterior to the nerve ring. The position and morphology of these cells are similar to the XXX cells. With the exception of PHC neurons, expression in the tissues above was first observed during late embryogenesis and did not change during development. Somatic gonad: Both ncr-1Ap(s)::gfp and ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp were strongly expressed in the spermatheca and weakly in the gonadal sheath cells. The expression in the somatic gonad could be observed only in adults. Three reporter constructs, ncr-1Ap(s)::gfp, ncr-1Ap(l)::gfp and ncr-1Bp::gfp were made for ncr-1 because of its complex gene structure. The results indicate that ncr-1 expression is widespread and largely coincides with the reported distribution pattern of cholesterol in C. elegans, which includes the following tissues: intestine, pharynx, excretory gland cell, nerve ring, spermatheca and germ cells, including both oocytes and sperm.

• Primary Identifier: Expr14024
• Pattern: Several head neurons, I1 or I2 pharyngeal neurons, head mesodermal cell?, pharynx, vulva, CAN, VC, DA9, 1 neuron pair in the tail, PVT, another cell in PAG?

• Primary Identifier: Expr7846
• Remark: Picture: Figure 7.
• Pattern: f14d12.6::gfp fluorescence was observed in a number of sensory neurons, including the ASHs, as well as a subset of head and tail neurons, the spermatheca and uterine toroid cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr29
• Remark: life_stage summary : postembryonic
• Pattern: 3 nuclei of the head ganglia stain L1 onwards. Expression is seen exclusively in the dopaminergic neurones of the worm. The cephalic and deirid sensory nerves in the head stain for beta-galactosidase post L1, while the postdeirids can be seen post L3

• Primary Identifier: Expr8675
• Remark: Picture: N.A.
• Pattern: Expression in the alimentary canal: Strong and consistent expression in pm5, MC. Weak or rare expression in pharyngeal epithelium, pm1, pm2, pm3, pm4 pm6, pm7, pm8, g1, g2, rectal gland cells. Expression in the nervous system: ADE, AIY, ALM, ALN, AVA, AVK, AVM, BDU, CAN, DAn, DVA, DVB, DVC, FLP, HSN, LUA, PLM, PLN, PVC, PVM, PVP, PVQ, PVT, PVW, RID, RIS, SDQ, URB, MC. Expression in the reproductive system: In adult stage, expressed in HSN. Faint hypodermal expression of inx-7 is seen around two-fold stage and becomes stronger by threefold stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2267
• Remark: Since these gfp fusions lack the introns and the 3' untranslated region, they might be lacking potential regulatory sequences. In that case, the gfp expression patterns may not precisely represent those of the endogenous kin-8 gene. cam-1 is called kin-8 in this article.
• Pattern: Expressed in chemosensory neurons in amphid: ASH. Other sensory neurons: ADE, FLP. Touch receptor neurons: AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM. Amphid interneurons: AIY, AIZ. Other interneurons: RIC, RMG, RIS, DVA, AVA, AVE, PVC, AVK, PVQ. Interneurons?: ALN, BDU, SDQ. Ring motor/inter neurons: RMD, RMDV. Ring motor neurons: RMED, RMEV Five neurons out of the following six, RIV, AVH, AVB, AVJ, AVD, AIN. About seven neurons in retrovesicular ganglion. Pharyngeal muscles in procorpus and isthmus. M4 and several pharyngeal neurons. A part of intestine and a few body wall muscles near the head (weak). Distal tip cells (sometimes and weak). A few ventral motor neurons and seam cells (rarely and weak). The expression patterns did not appear to change through the larva to adult stages. Embryonic expression was also observed.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15570

6 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019

4 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
cell that exists in and is part of an embryo.	embryonic cell		WBbt:0007028
embryonic cell	ABprapaaaap		WBbt:0006184
Neuron class of two sensory neurons of anterior deirids, sensory receptors in lateral alae, contain dopamine.	ADE		WBbt:0005415